Meritorious service, meritorious service and consolidation
In 1046 BC (the time of the incident varies, from 1130 BC to 1018 BC, 1046 was found by me in Baidu), the Zhou people from a remote area of Shaanxi Province, led a group of tribes called barbarians by the Shang Dynasty, defeated the King of Shang in the Battle of Muye, destroyed the Shang Dynasty, and the history is called "King Wu Daiyun".
Subsequently, Ji Fa, the King of Zhou Wu, launched a campaign against many Fang states that were subordinate to the Shang, and soon pacified the Central Plains, moved Jiuding to the eastern capital Luoyi (Zhou Gongzhu Yi'ercheng, later Luoyang), and established the Zhou Dynasty, known in history as "Western Zhou".
After the success of the business, King Wu of Zhou divided the seals of those who had meritorious service in cutting.
In the "Fengshen Yanyi", we can see that the meritorious and the descendants of the emperors of the previous dynasties are listed as five ranks: gong, hou, uncle, son, and male, and those who are less than the fifth rank are vassals.
However, the history books record that after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the titles set according to rank and merit were: Gong, Jian, Hou, Bo, Zi and other fifth titles, rather than the fifth titles we are familiar with: Gong, Hou, Bo, Zi, and Baron.
The Rebellion of the Three Prisons was re-established as a fifth-class knighthood
During the regency of the Duke of Zhou, the Rebellion of the Three Prisons occurred (other names: the Rebellion of Wu Geng, the Rebellion of Guan Cai).
The Rebellion of the Three Prisons was an incident of rebellion by three rulers in the Shang Dynasty at the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
After King Wu destroyed the Shang, the Shang Wang Qi was divided into three parts, and three supervisors were set up. The so-called "prison" is to supervise the remnants of the Yin merchants to prevent their rebellion. “
Huo Shufu, Guan Shuxian, and Cai Shudu (the ruler of the Three Prisons and the three good younger brothers of Zhou Gongdan), dissatisfied with Zhou Gongdan's regency, held Wu Geng hostage and colluded with Xu, Yan and other Eastern Yi tribes to launch a rebellion.
After the Duke of Zhou pacified them, the royal family changed the titles to the fifth title of Duke, Hou, Bo, Zi, and Baron, deleted the title of supervisor, and added the title of baron.
Marquis: The protagonist
Although there are the kingdoms of Song, Qi, Zhu, Jiao, Ji, Chen, Dong, Xi and so on as dukes and princely states.
However, because the number of ducal states is relatively small relative to the number of marquises, it is actually mainly marquises who play the main role in the Zhou Dynasty. (Qin Bochuzi, the two protagonists, said separately)
The duties of the Duke are usually above the court, within the Wang Qi. In addition to Wang Qi, it was up to the marquises, mainly the marquises who acted as a barrier to the royal family.
Dukes, even the brothers of King Wu of Zhou, were not eligible to be made dukes, so they were given the title of marquis of the second class. (Three prisons are counted separately)
The Marquis, literally, can be understood as zhou Tianzi's reprimand.
The Book of Yi zhou :(hou) rebuked Hou Ye for the king.
The constituents of the Marquise Kingdom are
The first is the relative of the King of Zhou, the prince with the surname Ji
There are: Lu Guo, Jin Guo, Wei Guo, Cai Guo, Guan Guo, Teng Guo and so on.
The Zhou Dynasty has always had a national policy of thick relatives and thin surnames. The title of marquis was divided, and most of them were marquises with the surname of Ji.
(The author believes that: 1 is that there are many children in their own family, and compared with foreign ministers, they can be more trustworthy, and they can better guard the royal family and protect the rule; 2 is to highlight the status of the royal family)
The Xunzi records: "Concurrently rule the world, establish seventy-one kingdoms, and fifty-three people with the surname Ji live alone."
Example 1: Lu Guo Ji surname, Marquis.
The first monarch: Bo Bird (since the Duke of Zhou wanted to stay in Ho Jing to assist Zhou Tianzi, he let his eldest son Bo Bird take the post on his behalf)
King Zuowen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou, who had great merit in the world, later became the king of Xiang Tianzi and appointed the Duke of Zhou as his family, and the lord was the prince of the east of Shaanxi. It was his eldest son, Bo Fowl, in Qufu, a place of seven hundred miles, and divided into the instruments of the Great Bow of Baoyu, and the Hou Yulu, to supplement the Zhou Chamber
Status: Grandson of Ji Chang, King Wen of Zhou, nephew of Ji Fa the Prince of Wu, eldest son of Duke Dan of Zhou.
During the reign of King Wu, The Duke of Zhou was given the title of Duke of Zhou in Shaohao's False Qufu, and later King Cheng of Zhou ordered that the Kingdom of Xiang and the "Six Tribes of Yin" be given to Bo Fowl.
(Suppress the rebellious state of The State, no longer implement the policy of supervision, and directly control the Yin people)
Bo Bird HeluDi and Xiangguo, following the Lu trumpet, established the Lu state.
The land is the Lunan and Luzhong regions of Shandong. Most of its core area is mainly located in Jining City, Shandong Province.
Example 2: JinGuo Ji surname, Marquis.
Founding Prince: Tang Shuyu, also known as Shu Yu, Tai Shu, Ji surname, name Yu, character Zi Yu.
Status: Grandson of King Ji Chang of Zhou Wen, son of Ji Fa the King of Zhou Wu, brother of King Ji of Zhou Cheng, mother of Empress Yi Jiang (daughter of Lü Shang, Prince of Jiang)
After Zhou Gongdan destroyed the Tang kingdom, he gave the tang land to Shu Yu, and after Tang Shuyu's death, his son Xie (燮父) succeeded to the throne. After Xie succeeded to the throne, he moved to the side of Jinshui and changed the name of the country to Jin.
In its heyday, the territory was the whole territory of present-day Shanxi Province, the western and southern parts of Hebei Province, the western part of Shandong Province, the northwestern part of Henan Province, the eastern and northern parts of Shaanxi Province, and most of Inner Mongolia.
Example 3: Wei Guoji's surname, Marquis.
The first monarch of the Wei Kingdom: Wei Kangshu, surnamed Ji, and given name.
Identity: The ninth son born to Ji Chang, the King of Zhou Wen, and his wife Tai Ji, the same mother and brother of Ji Fa, the King of Zhou Wu
During the reign of King Wu, he established the state of Kang (康国) (in present-day northwestern Yuzhou, Henan Province).
Later, during the reign of King Cheng, because of his meritorious participation in the suppression of the "Rebellion of the Three Prisons", he changed the title of Yin Shang Chaoge, gave the "Seven Tribes of Yin People", and established the Wei State. (No longer implement the supervision and management policy, directly control the commercial land Yinmin)
The territory is the northern part of the Yellow River in present-day Henan Province, the city of Handan and part of Xingtai in Hebei Province, and the western part of Liaocheng City in Shandong Province.
The second is to be a minister of the dragon, a marquis with merit, and a marquis with a different surname
There are: Qi Guo, Ji Guo and so on.
In recognition of The Great Exploits of Lü Shang, the Prince of Zhouwu, Ji Fa of Zhou Wu made taigong Of Jiang the eldest son Qi Hou and his second son Ji Hou.
Example: Qi Guo
Alias: Jiang ShiQiguo
Time range: 1046 BC to 386 BC (386 BC, that is, the nineteenth year of the Duke of Qi Kang, Tian He was enthroned, replacing the State of Qi of the Jiang clan and establishing the State of Qi of the Tian clan)
Abbreviation: Qi
Capital: Linzi (present-day: Linzi District, Zibo City)
He was named Taigong Wang (江子牙), and was jointly evaluated by Zuo Qiuming's "Twenty-Seven Years of Zuo Chuan Xianggong", "Chinese Zheng Yu" and Sima Qian's "Chronology of the Twelve Princes of History" as one of the four great powers of the Spring and Autumn Period.
Since the establishment of the state by Taigong Wang, boiling salt reclamation fields, rich side, tens of thousands of soldiers, when it was passed to the Duke of Qi Huan, it was already an eastern power with a territory on the verge of the sea, and the Duke of Qi Huan became the head of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period through the "Zun Wang Zhiyi", and the State of Qi was called the Kingdom of the Sea King by the people at that time.
(Superior geographical location + rich silk resources + policy support + naval protection = rapid development of the marine economy, strong national strength)
The State of Qi opened up the "Maritime Silk Road" that set sail from the coast of the Shandong Peninsula and connected to the Korean Peninsula in the east, creating a precedent for the government to advocate and organize overseas trade
The third is that after the ancient emperors, the nobles were honored
There are casting, Chen and so on
(Reincarnation is a good skill)
The sub-sealing of the descendants of ancient emperors, 1: can give the dynasty a proper name, improve its own influence and legitimacy. 2: Follow the tradition of rising and dying.
Because the descendants of ancient emperors can be divided into seals, they can reflect that their status is higher than them, and they can also reflect that they are replaced by the mandate of heaven.
More importantly, it is more important to show the benevolence of Zhou to the descendants of the emperors and the people who have the appeal to exchange small favors for stability, and at the same time show the people that the king has a broad mind, establishes the image of a benevolent king, stabilizes this turbulent and just determined society, and wins the support of the people.
It also dealt a blow to those who wanted to plan the restoration of the country, because the King of Zhou mastered the guidance of public opinion. The King of Zhou divided the merchants and set the love of the king and the subject.
Plotting to rebel and usurp the throne is a disorder of ethics, and the world resists.
(The author believes that the winner of the book history, defeat and death to listen to)
The fourth is to seek a grand plan for the country, and if it wins, it will prosper, and if it loses, the nine ethnic groups will be punished
There are Tian Qi, Zhao, Wei and so on
Example 1: Three families are promoted
At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the former hegemony of the Jin Dynasty declined, and the real power was controlled by the Zhi family, the Zhao family, the Han family, and the Wei family, with the Zhi family being the most powerful.
In 453 BC, the three families of Zhao, Han, and Wei jointly destroyed the Zhi family, and Jin was divided by the three families of Zhao, Han, and Wei, forming a situation in which the three families were divided into Jin, and the Jin jun became a vassal.
In 403 BC, Zhou Tianzi officially recognized the three families as princes (King Weilie of Zhou made the three families a princely state)
The "Three Houses and The Jin Dynasty" became the dividing point between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in China. The three branches of the Jin Dynasty marked the emergence of the new landlord class on the stage of history, promoted the establishment of the feudal system, and opened the prelude to the annexation of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States.
(The process is: The Battle of the Six Qings of the Jin Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn of the Jin Dynasty was divided into three families and the Marquis of Jin Tianzi)
Example 2: Tian Ji Dai Qi
Tian Shi Dai Qi, also known as Tian Chen Usurp Qi.
In 532 BC, Tian Huanzi, the fourth grandson of the Duke of Chen, joined forces with the Bao, Luan, and Gao clans to destroy the Qing clan of the State of Qi. After that, the Tian clan, the Bao clan extinguished the Luan, and the Gao Er clan.
(Destroy political enemies, worry-free future)
Tian Huanzi won the support of the Gong clan and the people of the Country of Qi for "all the princes and the gongsuns who have no lulu, and the private division of the people" and for the people of the country, "the poor and widowed, the private and the millet".
(Accumulate fame and increase strength)
During the Qi Jing Gong, the office was corrupt. Tian Huanzi's son Tian Qi (Tian Wuyu's son, tian Wuyu's son, tian zi) used the big bucket to lend out and the small bucket to recycle, so that "the people of Qi returned to the water", increasing the hukou and strength. It is said that "the public abandons its people and returns to the Tian clan.".
(Accumulate prestige, popular will be available)
In 489 BC, Duke Jing of Qi died, and the Duke of Qi, gao er clan, established gongzi di, Tian begged the state, Gao Er clan, and another prince Yang Sheng, established himself as a xiang. From then on, the Tian clan controlled the state affairs of the State of Qi.
(Manipulating the abolition and taking control of the political situation)
In 481 BC, Tian Heng (Tian Chengzi), the son of Tian Beg, killed the Duke of Qi Jian and many dukes, and established the Duke of Qi Ping, further controlling the government and winning the hearts and minds of the people with "cultivating the gong and rewarding the people".
(Clear the obstacles, seek the country to pave the way)
In 391 BC, Tian Chengzi IV Sun Tian and deposed the Duke of Qi Kang.
In 390 BC, Qi Shi cut down Wei and took Xiangyang. Soon Tian He and Wei Wenhou, Chu Ren, and Wei Ren would meet at Hunze (潣泽, in present-day Changshe County, Henan) to become princes, and Wei Wenhou invited King An of Zhou and his princes.
(The power of the soldiers, the exchange of interests, the merit is in the Hou)
In 386 BC, Tian He exiled Qi Kang to the sea and established himself as the king of the country, and in the same year he was appointed Marquis of Qi by the King of Zhou'an.
In 379 BC, Duke Qi Kang died, and the surname of Jiang qi was extinct. The Tian clan still uses "Qi" as the national name, and the history is called "Tian Qi".
Simply put
The Duke of Qi was incompetent, the Duke of Qi was a puppet, and the Tian clan struggled for generations.
In 386 BC, Tian He Fen's Yu Lie was established as the Marquis of Qi and listed in the Zhou Dynasty.