In the "Tomb of Bian Que", it is written: "The living people have no skills in ancient and modern times, and their names follow the trend of teaching the world." The grave soil can still be used as medicinal bait, and the mo angry healer is dolu. "This is a description of our country's famous divine doctor Bian Que.
Among China's national essences, Chinese medicine is definitely the most important place, and Bian Que is also the first doctor to appear in the history of our country. However, the doctor, who has been sung for many years, was deleted from the new version of the middle school history textbook in 2017, and the Ministry of Education only gave an explanation that "Bian Que is not a historical figure" for this change in the textbook.
So, did Bian Que really exist in history? What is the ministry of education's consideration for the compilation of teaching materials?
First, what kind of character is Bian Que, who was removed from the textbook
Bian Que is said to be a bird-faced divine doctor who lived by the side of the Yellow Emperor in the previous myth. Today, it is also used to describe a doctor with excellent medical skills, which is why we call the famous doctors of the Spring and Autumn And Warring States period Huatuo. Bian Que, Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing, Sun Simiao and Li Shizhen are known as my five great medical scientists in ancient times, and later generations respect them as the ancestors of medicine.
Bian Que's name is Qin Yueren, and he is also the founder of Chinese medicine, and it is he who put forward this theory that has been used to this day. It can be said that without him there would be no systematic theory of integrity in Chinese medicine today.
However, what makes people wonder is that the title of Bian Que does not refer only to the Qin Yue people, but to the general name of the faction represented by the Qin Yue people. That is to say, his disciples can also be called Bian Que, as long as the medical skills are smart enough. To speak of Bian Que, the divine doctor that people often preach, we have to mention the book "The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic". This is the earliest surviving medical book of Chinese medicine, and it is also a secret book passed down by the disciples of bian que.
Originally, the secret book was a book that few outsiders could access, but when it reached the hands of Chun Yuyi in the Han Dynasty, there was a mistake, and he was sent to Chang'an for violating the punishment and was sent to Chang'an to receive corporal punishment. The younger daughter was very uncomfortable and decided to write to save her father, and this father-daughter relationship deeply touched Emperor Wen of Han, and the emperor immediately pardoned Chun Yuyi as soon as he was happy, and in order to show his generosity, he also abolished the cruel corporal punishment.
The pardoned Chun Yuyi thanked the emperor, so when the emperor summoned him, he personally presented the medical books that belonged to Bian Que's disciples. Subsequently, Emperor Hancheng revised his official texts based on these medical books and compiled a number of medical books, such as the Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic and the Emperor's Outer Classic. It can be seen that many of today's famous medical books are compiled based on the medical books of the Bian Que school.
In the "Records of History", Sima Qian also recorded Bian Que's life in detail, the most famous of which is that Bian Que cured Prince Yu's "corpse disease".
"Corpse syndrome" is also commonly known as suspended animation disease. Bian Que's ability to revive the dead soon became famous in the world. And he preached to the world his own values, believing in medicine and not in witchcraft.
For this point we are not difficult to understand, in ancient times when people encountered difficult to solve the difficult diseases of doctors, most of them would believe that this was the art of witchcraft, under the feudal society, the people's belief in superstition is really frightening, and this is also most doctors do not want to see the reality, patients have not been effectively treated for a long time, the final result can only be sent to death. This is also the reason why Bian Que would call on everyone not to believe in witchcraft.
But there are also many experts who have raised their own doubts, arguing that there seems to be no direct evidence to prove the existence of Bian Que. Where does this claim come from?
Second, the iron evidence dug out of the construction of the subway
However, in view of whether Bian Que is a real problem in history, many experts have questioned it, believing that the reason why there are articles describing Bian Que in detail in the historical records is not what Sima Qian saw with his own eyes, but was adapted from the folk.
As it is said in the "Sayings of the Yuan, Political Reason": "It is better to hear what the husband hears than to see it; it is better to see it than to practice it with enough." ”
Without the support of any historical documents and objects other than the historical records, no one can make a correct conclusion. Everything has to be told in facts.
In addition, it is recorded in the historical records that Bian Que saw Zhao Jianzi during the Spring and Autumn Period, and then for King Wu of Qin. The gap between the two is about two hundred years, that is to say, Bian Que is not only a divine doctor, but also an old man who can live for more than two hundred years.
In our impression, it is a god who can move for two hundred years, and modern people are not as superstitious as the ancients, and believe in science, which is why many experts have doubts about the authenticity of Bian Que. However, the mystery was soon revealed.
In 2013, when Chengdu, Sichuan Province, was building Metro Line 3, a large number of ancient tombs of the Han Dynasty were excavated during the construction process. Among the bamboo janes excavated from this ancient tomb, all of them are directly related to Bian Que.
The tomb is soaked in water for many years, so that the ancient tomb has been protected from the poisonous hands of tomb robbers and has been well preserved. After sorting out, experts found that the bamboo jane was loaded with a large number of prescriptions for seeing a doctor.
Finally, under the classification of experts, the excavated bamboo janes were divided into nine medical books, except for the named "Five Colors Pulse Diagnosis", the remaining 8 parts had no names, and who wrote these bamboo janes did not have any records.
A large number of excavated bamboo janes have attracted the attention of many experts, and archaeologists have invited a large number of famous Chinese medicine experts to interpret the contents of bamboo janes. In the end, the experts concluded that the bamboo strips were most likely related to Bian Que, possibly by himself or by his disciples.
Many people will be very puzzled, do not understand why Chinese medicine, as a cultural heritage of 5,000 years of China, has gradually declined, and there are not many medical books that have survived to this day.
In fact, the development of history has its own laws, for Chinese medicine is naturally no exception, as an early ancient school of medicine, the development of the Bian Que school is mainly based on the inheritance of teachers and apprentices, which directly leads to the leakage of the secret of saving people, doctors choose to keep their own secrets in mind, which is why most of the ancient and exquisite Chinese medicine techniques have been lost.
To take the simplest example, Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, did not entrust his life's efforts to the jailer until he was killed, but the other party did not dare to accept it. In the end, Hua Tuo burned all the medical books in one breath. Such a situation was not uncommon in ancient times, and the loss of medical books of the Bian Que school is likely to be the reason for this.
However, no matter how the bamboo jane unearthed in Chengdu can show the real existence of Bian Que to a certain extent, then is it common sense for the Education Bureau to delete Bian Que's story from the textbook?
Third, write textbooks with a scientific and rigorous attitude
In terms of education, China has made no small efforts, especially in the preparation of teaching materials. For those who cannot fully determine the authenticity of the Bian Que character, abandonment is the best choice, which is also a manifestation of the Responsibility of the Education Bureau for children.
In addition, there are too many historical celebrities in China, and there are not a few famous doctors, giving up a controversial figure, which is in line with the rigor of writing textbooks. In addition, although all the contents of the bamboo jian found in the ancient tomb in Chengdu point to written by Bian Que or his disciples, there is no clear indication in the end.
Moreover, out of the historical view of judging the situation in Chinese history textbooks, removing a half-immortal famous doctor is only a perfectly normal thing, and it is not worth discussing too much. The reason why the Education Bureau made such a choice must have its basis and criteria for consideration.
brief summary
From this, one of the things that can be told to us is that if we want to condense the cultural essence of thousands of people and no longer pass away, what we should do is to protect it well and spread it, and we must not have the idea of teaching disciples and starving the master. Skills that benefit humanity should not be in the hands of only a few, after all, this can only benefit one person. In order to benefit more people, a legacy should have been formed.
In fact, whether it is Hua Tuo or Bian Que, or other famous doctors, they are the objects of our admiration, they use their superb medical skills to alleviate the suffering of the people, no matter whether their stories will appear in our textbooks, their images and medical skills have long been preserved in people's hearts.
bibliography:
"Bian Que Tomb"
The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic
Historia
"Speaking Garden, Politics"
The picture comes from the network, if there is infringement, contact to delete!