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Bian Que's biography "Tianhui Medical Jane" was published this year, and the first excavated medical literature and imaging database will be completed

"Even if 100 Han tombs are excavated, you may not be able to see the simple books with characters."

During the Two Han Dynasties, thick burial became a common practice. Han tombs are widely distributed in the mainland and have a huge number, but due to various reasons, the excavation of Han tombs in the archaeological community often has the saying of "ten rooms and nine empty spaces", and the excavated simple books are even more unattainable.

In 2012, four Han tombs were rescued in Chengdu, and in Tomb No. 3 in Tianhui Town, archaeologists found a large number of medical briefs and named them Tianhui Medical Jane.

Bian Que's biography "Tianhui Medical Jane" was published this year, and the first excavated medical literature and imaging database will be completed

▲ The day back to the doctor Jane copied after the repair

"The discovery of this medical book should be the largest and rarest in the history of Chinese archaeology." Liu Changhua, special director of the Institute of Chinese Unearthed Medical Literature and Cultural Relics of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and former director of the Institute of Chinese Medical History And Literature of the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, commented.

After nearly 10 years of collation and research, Red Star News learned from the Institute of Chinese Medical Literature and Cultural Relics unearthed in China of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine that the medical book "Tianhui Medical Jane" transmitted by the famous doctor Bian Que and Canggong will be officially published by the State Cultural Relics Publishing House in 2022, which also means that 8 precious medical books composed of nearly 1,000 medical janes and more than 25,000 words will be published for the first time.

At the same time, the reporter learned that the excavated medical literature image database based on tianhui medical jane is also under intensive construction. As the country's first excavated medical literature image database, Chengdu Tianhui Han Tomb Medical Jane Image Database will lead the research of medical literature unearthed in traditional Chinese medicine with pioneering achievements and technologies.

The Han Dynasty Medical Brief Book was unearthed in Chengdu

It is a medical book passed down by the famous doctors Bian Que and Canggong

From the Mancheng Han Tomb to the Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha to the Tomb of the Marquis of Nanchang, the tombs of the Han Dynasty with high historical and cultural value often receive social attention, and the excavation of top cultural relics such as "Golden Jade Cloth", "Changxin Palace Lamp" and "Gilded BoShan Furnace" has shocked the world.

In 2012, during the construction of Chengdu Metro Line 3, a Western Han tomb was excavated and four famous models of Shu brocade jacquard machines were excavated, filling the gap in the history of textiles in the mainland and confirming that Shu brocade is worthy of its name as the "mother brocade of the world".

It is worth noting that archaeologists also found two priceless treasures in Tomb No. 3 - Tianhui Medical Jane, the number of Jianshu, the number of Jane books, the perfection of preservation, can be called the most in archaeological history; the human body through the acupuncture paint portrait, about 14 cm high, is the earliest and most complete model of human medicine found in the mainland.

Among the nearly 1,000 medical texts unearthed, there are more than 25,000 texts, including seals, ancient li and lishu, including many Qi local dialects. What is surprising is that Tianhui Medical Jane is not a single medical book, but 8 kinds of medical books, such as "Pulse Book, Shangjing", "Pulse Book, Lower Classic", "Reverse Shun Five-Color Pulse Zang Examination Spirit", "Li Li", "Thorn Number", "Cure Sixty Diseases and Qi Tang Method", "Healing Horse Book", "Meridian Pulse", involving meridians, internal organs, acupuncture points, acupuncture, treatment of horse diseases, etc., and there are many ancient prescription medicines that have been used to this day.

Bian Que's biography "Tianhui Medical Jane" was published this year, and the first excavated medical literature and imaging database will be completed

▲ Liu Changhua reads ancient Books of Traditional Chinese Medicine

"Tianhui Medical Jane is the richest, most complete, most theoretical and clinically valuable ancient medical literature found in China so far." In January 2019, the China Institute of Unearthed Medical Literature and Cultural Relics was established under the impetus of the Propaganda Department of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee and other relevant departments, and Liu Changhua, former director of the Institute of Medical History and Literature of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, was invited to serve as the president.

According to the content of the medical jane and historical materials, Liu Changhua preliminarily judged that the Tianhui medical jane should be introduced to Chengdu from the State of Qi during the Han Jing Emperor period.

After repeated verification by the research team, it was proved that Tianhui Medicine Jian was a medical book transmitted by Bian Que and Cang Gong in Sima Qian's "History of Bian Que Cang Gong Lie Biography", and was introduced to Shudi by Qi during the reign of Emperor Jing of Han.

The reappearance of Tianhui Medicine not only corroborates the prosperity and development of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, but also further confirms the fact that the three generations of Sichuan pulse masters "Fu Weng - Cheng Gao - Guo Yu" in the Eastern Han Dynasty were the descendants of the Bian Que School.

Interpreting the thousand-year-old Han Dynasty medical Jane

1,000 medical sticks are back in the day

Every major discovery in unearthed literature has had an important impact on academia.

In the Institute of Chinese Unearthed Medical Literature and Cultural Relics of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, there are three related research institutes and one research laboratory, namely the Jianbao Research Institute, the Institute of History of Chinese Medicine, the Institute of Chinese Medicine Culture and the Research Laboratory of Digitization of Chinese Medicine.

In the preliminary research of Tianhui Medical Jane, Liu Changhua's team often buried in the Jian Shu Research Institute, and the fragmentation and defects of the Jian Shu itself, the rambling of the text, the disorder of scattered disorders, and the reading disorder of ancient characters made the research work extremely difficult and required researchers to be patient and meticulous.

Bian Que's biography "Tianhui Medical Jane" was published this year, and the first excavated medical literature and imaging database will be completed

▲ Liu Changhua (second from the left) explains the simplified text of the imitation

"After the medical jane is unearthed, it is basically scattered, and we have to spend a lot of energy when conjugating, judging the order from the form of content, writing, and jane, connecting the medical jane, and restoring it to the correct order as much as possible, which is also a very professional work."

The research of Tianhui Medical Jane includes cleaning, sorting, interpreting texts and other procedures, using digital technology to scan the medical Jane for identification. To interpret the text, historical background and academic connotation of medical briefs from more than 2,000 years ago is the most challenging work in the entire process of medical research and collation.

"This is the most important and arduous work, and the history, culture, customs, characters, etc. carried by these medical janes may take generations to study." Liu Changhua said.

Unlike the "Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic" and other medical classics that have long been compiled into books and have been handed down for hundreds of years, the Tianhui Medical Jane has been more than 2,000 years ago, and the dissemination has been interrupted and has not been handed down by posterity, and the content of the Book is still very primitive and true, and the confirmation of every word is extremely laborious.

In the Mawangdui Han Tomb Book collation, it has found many text errors, and the text collation of Tianhui Medical Jane requires interdisciplinary knowledge such as ancient scripts and traditional Chinese medicine, which is more professional and rigorous.

"For example, the word '敝昔' on the medical jane is the common word 'Bian Que', so we have come to the judgment that the medical Jane is a biography of Bian Que; for example, the medical Jane is from Qi into Shu, so many strange words need to be explained in combination with the Qi dialect."

In the process of research, Liu Changhua's team found that the medical level of the Han Dynasty reflected by Tianhui Medical Jane was very developed, and even the "Cure sixty diseases and Qi Tang Method" recorded in the prescription preparation appeared, and its medical historical value has surpassed the Mawangdui medical book.

"Some people think that the Jianshu of more than 2,000 years ago must be backward, but the result may not be so, the value of Tianhui Medical Jane is timeless in my opinion, and the purpose of our research on Jianshu is the same, which is intended to return to the original and open up a new one."

Based on The Heavenly Return Ton

The first database of unearthed medical literature and images will be completed

In the past hundred years, the mainland has unearthed a large number of medical documents, which are of great significance for rediscovering ancient and medieval medicine, systematically displaying the medical picture of the ancient and medieval periods, exploring the evolution of Traditional Chinese medicine theory, inheriting and developing the law, systematically combing the academic context of the development of Traditional Chinese medicine, and reproducing and clarifying the cultural genes and source veins of early medical culture.

However, most of the published books of the excavated documents have few prints, the price is expensive, the picture data is blurry, there are many ancient and obscure characters, there are many heterogeneous and falsified words, it is not easy to read and analyze, the text is difficult to understand, and there are obvious differences between the content of simple medicine and the ancient medical books passed down from generation to generation, which is not easy for researchers to collect materials, especially for Chinese medicine practitioners.

"Therefore, a collection of storage, processing, retrieval, browsing in one of the unearthed medical literature image database came into being, we will be based on the Tianhui Medical Jane, to build China's first unearthed medical literature image database."

Bian Que's biography "Tianhui Medical Jane" was published this year, and the first excavated medical literature and imaging database will be completed

▲Copy the facsimile of the simple text on the platform

Liu Changhua said that the value of Tianhui medical simplicity is huge, in addition to its own major historical value and medical value, the coexistence of the ancient li of the seal and the three books close to the eight-point book lishu reflects the epitome of the change of Chinese characters at the time of the Qin and Han dynasties, and the western transmission of medical jane and the entry of Sichuan medicine also confirm the rich cultural and material exchanges between china and abroad during the Han Dynasty, worthy of being a treasure of the world.

He revealed that the unearthed medical literature image database will use the digital way to imitate the ancient characters of Tianhui Medical Jane, make an electronic facsimile, form an electronic document, readers can search and identify each word, and the identification of medical ancient books will be more convenient. At the same time, the digitization of medical ancient books also provides support for the preservation and protection of ancient books themselves.

"With the database in place, the dissemination of ancient medical books has become easier and has also been able to promote more people to participate in research." Our goal in the future is to build a world-class database of unearthed medical literature and images. That is to say, if you want to study the cultural relics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, come to Chengdu! ”

Red Star News reporter Liu Kejun

Edited by Tan Wangyu

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