Changping Jun Xiong Qi (芈启), can be said to be one of the most legendary figures in the late Warring States period. In the TV series "Great Qin Fu", the main deeds of Changping Jun are rarely described, leaving a deep impression on the audience. Because the experience of this historical figure is really special!
Changping Jun, originally the Chancellor of the Qin Dynasty, was once the most powerful figure under the reign of the King of Qin. However, in the end, he betrayed the Qin state and became the king of Chu, and even let the Qin army suffer the last major defeat before the unification, becoming the last obstacle to qin shi huang's unification of the six kingdoms.
Here, we should emphasize one point in advance: the name of Changping Jun Xiong Qi (also known as Mi Qi) has disappeared from the history books for more than two thousand years, and most of the deeds have been forgotten by the history books.
Here, we combine the clues of history books and archaeology, as well as the research of scholars, and first roughly sort out changping jun's life experience.
In 272 BC (the twenty-seventh year of King Xiang of Chu), Xiong Guan, the crown prince of the State of Chu (later King Chu Kaolie), was sent to the State of Qin as a hostage. According to the analysis of later generations, King Zhaoxiang of Qin married his daughter to Xiong Guan according to custom, gave birth to Changping Jun, and may also give birth to Chang Wenjun. Therefore, Changping Jun should be the brother of King You of Chu (Xiong Huan), King of Chu Ai (Xiong You), and King Xiong of Chu.
Since his birth, Changping Jun has been living in the Qin Kingdom and serving the King of Qin. Because the State of Qin and the State of Chu have always had a joint marriage relationship, for example, The mother of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, Empress Xuan (芈八子), came from the royal family of the State of Chu, and The Queen Consort Huayang of Qin Xiaowen, that is, the later Empress Huayang was also a Chu person, and both empresses were once in power. Therefore, Changping Jun, as a relative of Lady Huayang (Empress Dowager), and the nephew of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, later had the opportunity to occupy a high position in the Qin State.
During the quelling of the rebellion, the Qin emperor "ordered Xiangguo, Changpingjun, and Changwenjun to attack Yi." "Changping Jun's position in the Qin state at this time was second only to that of the King of Qin and Lü Buwei. After Lü Buwei's resignation, Changping Jun was promoted to chancellor and held a position for more than ten years. When the State of Qin attacked Korea, the State of Zhao, and the State of Yan, Changping Jun was the supreme governor in charge of the administration of the State of Qin.
However, when the State of Qin sent troops to attack the State of Chu, a great change took place. That is, the former Qin state minister Chang Pingjun, when he was in charge of guarding Chen Di, actually defected to the Chu state, causing Chen, who was the rear base of the Qin army, to fall into the hands of the Chu army. In this great battle called the "Battle of chengfu", the 200,000 Qin army commanded by Li Xin was attacked by the enemy in the belly and back, and was almost completely destroyed by the Chu general Xiang Yan, which became the last major defeat suffered by Qin Shi Huang before unifying the Six Kingdoms.
Then there is the familiar allusion: the veteran general Wang Qi asked the King of Qin to command an army of 600,000 to attack Chu. Under the command of Wang Qi, Xiang Yan's Chu army was eventually defeated, and the King of Chu was killed. At the time of the fall of the Chu state, Changping Jun, with the support of Xiang Yan, became the last generation of Chu kings, and then the two died on the battlefield, writing a tragic song of the chu state.
The incident of the "rebellion of Changping Jun" can be described as the most dramatic and tragic scene in the late Warring States period. Not only that, the Changpingjun incident also affected the political trend of the Qin Dynasty in the next twenty years, and even laid a lot of causes and effects for the demise of the Qin State. I won't dwell on these for the time being.
However, it was such a great figure whose historical influence was second only to Qin Shi Huang in the late Warring States period, and all the historical books, including the "Records of History", recorded him extremely rarely, and the name of Changping Jun was not recorded at all!
Scholars generally believe that the status and influence of Changping Jun in the Qin State were too important, and there were many internal relations involved. The Western Han Jiayi's "Treatise on Passing the Qin" once pointed out: "Qin customs are forbidden to be taboo." In a series of blockade actions such as the burning of books by Qin Shi Huang, the deeds and even the name of Changping Jun disappeared.
The plot of "Great Qin Fu" shows many new views on the deeds of Changping Jun, such as the belief that the lady of the main chamber of the Qin King's yingzheng is the daughter of Changping Jun, and the eldest son Fu Su is born to Lady Xiong of the Qi surname. This statement also explains several historical mysteries, including why Qin Shi Huang's empress was not recorded in the history books, and why the eldest son Fu Su was delayed in being made crown prince by Qin Shi Huang.
It was precisely because Changping Jun became the object of Qin Shi Huang's greatest hatred that most of his deeds were deliberately concealed by the History Books of the Qin State. The "Records of History" also records only some of the words that have been circulated, including Changping Jun's participation in the Rebellion of Pingyi and his becoming the King of Chu. More details of the history of the Qin State are interpreted one by one according to various historical books and archaeological discoveries.
So, when was ChangPingjun's name "Xiong Qi" or "Qi Qi" discovered? In fact, Chang pingjun's name was not discovered through archaeological research until 1982.
At that time, the Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Culture and Management found a broken Qin-style copper ge from a batch of broken copper and rotten iron found in Jixian County, and the copper ge was engraved with the inscription left behind when it was cast: "Seventeen years, Cheng Xiang Qi, Zhao Zhao, Heyang ...". These are the names of the two Ministers of the Qin State at that time, namely Qihe Zhao.
Jixian belongs to the territory of the Yan State, and only the qin weapons may appear in the middle and late warring states, while in the late warring states, only the king of Qin Zhaoxiang and the king of Qin reigned for more than seventeen years, and then compare the qin state that meets the time. In the end, it was confirmed that the two Names of the Qin State Xiang xiang left by the inscription could only be the right Cheng Xiang Chang Ping Jun, and the left Cheng Xiang Kui (Kui Lin), the Qin State was respected by the right, and the right Cheng Xiang was higher than the left Cheng Xiang. After Changping Jun was deposed, Kui Was promoted to Right Chancellor, which is also clearly recorded in historical records.
At this point, Changping Jun's name was discovered to be called "Qi", because he was from the Chu royal family, so it was a surname of Qi, Xiong. This is also the origin of changping jun in the TV series "Great Qin Fu" called "Qi Qi". Therefore, it took two thousand years after Changping Junzhan's death to find his real name. The great value of archaeology in historical research can be seen from this.
Although the mystery of the ages has been solved, but the magnificent life of Changping Jun Xiong Qi, leaving a mark on history is only what is mentioned in the "Great Qin Fu"? In fact, we still grossly underestimate his impact. We'll go on and on. (Author: Tao Mujian)