At the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Soviet Union threatened the Nationalist Government with sending troops in a vain attempt to dominate the interests of the northeast, which was seriously rejected by Chiang Kai-shek. The United States, which had suffered heavy losses in the Pacific War, oppressed the Nationalist government to sign the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the Soviet Union in exchange for the Soviet Union's troops in the northeast. After the Soviet Union sent troops to the northeast, Yan'an also urgently dispatched some elites from the Jin-Cha-Ji, Jin-Ji Luyu, central plains theater, and the New Fourth Army to secretly exit the customs and shouted the slogan: "Resist the enemy outside the country's gate." Because Chiang was extremely disobedient, the Soviet Union acquiesced to the Eighth Route Army, which had left the border, to receive the weapons and equipment of the occupied northeast region and the Japanese army. When the Nationalist government learned of this, despite the mediation of the United States, it began to fight in the northeast.
First: a series of fiascos in the early days of the Northeast
According to the requirements of Yan'an and the Northeast Bureau, the elite Seventh Division from the Shandong Military Region and the 19th Brigade from Hebei were the main defensive forces at Shanhaiguan to block the enemy's entry into the northeast. The two sides fought a big battle at Shanhaiguan, and our army was defeated and quickly defeated. Yan'an also ordered Lin Shuai to concentrate his main forces on a decisive battle in Jinzhou, but Lin Shuai's opposition was ineffective. Jinzhou lost the First World War, followed by Siping, Lin Biaolian sent 3 telegrams to Mao, explaining the inability to fight a decisive battle many times as a friend, comrade-in-arms, and subordinate, and finally Yan'an agreed. The elite of the Eighth Route Army were chased northeast of Manchuria and finally settled in the southern Manchuria region. In the later Siping Offensive, due to the explosion of the Nationalist army, there was the theory of four wars and four peaces, and in the first three times our army also suffered heavy losses.
Second: The breakthrough of the Central Plains Theater was lost
After the two sides tore up the armistice agreement, more than 50,000 troops under the Central Plains Military Region were besieged by 200,000 nationalist troops under the command of Liu Zhi. In June 1946, the Central Plains Military Region began to break through in two ways, and Pi Dingjun led more than 6,000 people of the 1st Brigade to cover the retreat of the large troops. The breakthrough lasted more than a month and lost more than 10,000 soldiers. In the process of creating the base area, another 15,000 people were lost, and less than 2,000 people remained in the leather department. 129 was several regiments that were beaten so badly that they were all crippled.
Third: The Jin-Cha-Ji Theater was unable to attack the Jin Sui Army for a long time, and the battles of Datong and Jining were lost one after another
The troops of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region can be said to be the elite of the Elite of the Eighth Route Army, and the jin-Cha-Ji troops were all developed on the basis of the 115th Division. Coupled with the country's best source of soldiers, "Yanzhao Dadi", whether it is cavalry or infantry, whether it is military discipline or courage at that time, it was second to none in the country. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, this unit eliminated more than 200,000 Japanese puppet troops, and the headquarters also developed 400,000 people. However, due to Nie Shuai's misjudgment of the situation, the Battle of Jining lost the military town of Zhangjiakou, and it was impossible to attack for a long time in Shanxi, and hundreds of thousands of elites were almost useless in the three Jins and the battlefields of North China. Until Xu Shuai came out of the mountain and swept through Jinzhong with 60,000 people, so that this elite could revitalize its strength.
Fourth: Qilu Dadi lost 6 battles and 5 defeats
Soon after the gunfire of the War of Resistance ceased, the guns of the civil war once again resounded throughout the land of China. Marshal Chen Yi rushed from Yan'an to Shandong, took over the elite of the New Fourth Army and served as the commander of the Shandong Field Army. As the commander of the northern front, Chen Yi did not enter Lu smoothly, so there was a tragic situation of "six battles into Lu, only Tai'an won one victory". The Battle of Sixian attacked Si County with 22 regiments and was defeated by Si County, which was defended by only 2 Gui regiments. The 11th Division that Long Fengji besieged Hu Lian was again broken through by Hu Lian.
Fifth: Defeat in the East China Field
On July 17, 1947, the East China Field Army attacked the Nanma area defended by Hu Lian. Hu Lian mainly used bunkers and large and small hills, so that the East China Field Army had to pay a huge price for every step forward. After Li Mi's 8th Army came to the rescue, our army fought with Li Mi in Linqu for ten consecutive days, failing to conquer the two places, with more than 50,000 casualties and nearly 20,000 enemy annihilations, and was forced to retreat.
Sixth: The Northwest Field Army lost to Xifu
On April 6, 1948, Peng Dehuai changed the battle plan in view of the long-term inability to attack Luochuan and the lack of food in the Huanglong Mountains, and the troops should not stay for a long time. On the night of the 25th, one or two columns of mine launched an attack on Baoji. After a day of fierce fighting, on the 26th, our army captured Baoji. After the nationalist army learned the news, it quickly returned to reinforcements and counterattacked suddenly, and the 4 columns guarding it easily abandoned their positions without informing the field army, and our army lost.
The events of the past life, the division of the future, these defeats, but also gave our army enough lessons, so that the commanders and fighters also grew up rapidly, which is also an important reason why we can defeat the national army in 3 years and liberate all of China.