Vitality is something that this frustrated motor city is gradually missing, and then incomparably yearning for.
Author 丨 Luo Chao
Responsible editor 丨 Yang Jing
Edit 丨 Chic
"The factory is closed, it is not as lively as before", Aunt Zhang, who runs a small restaurant in the Zenith Motor City of Hechuan High-tech Zone, Chongqing, looks at the desolate Yinxiang Avenue in front of the store, and jokes bitterly.
Aunt Zhang's factory refers to the southwest manufacturing base of BAIC Yinxiang and the bisu automobile manufacturing base two kilometers away. In 2016, the total industrial output value of Hechuan District exceeded 100 billion, which has increased by nearly ten times in 8 years, of which the automobile industry chain represented by BAIC Yinxiang has made great contributions.
At that time, there was an endless stream of workers who came to Eat in Aunt Zhang's restaurant every day, but after 5 years, it was already a different situation. Even when it comes to the meal, it is just a few old patrons scattered in the next community to take care of the business, and after a brief greeting, the atmosphere of the restaurant will quickly return to cold.
"Now the factory has changed its name, as if it is going to be re-produced", Aunt Zhang still has an unconscious expectation for the Yinxiang automobile that has been renamed Ruixiang, as to whether it can still reproduce the hustle and bustle of yesterday, "then I don't know."
Confused and melancholy intertwined, is the local people's most complex and true feelings for Ruixiang Automobile, they know in their hearts that Ruixiang Automobile, which is saddled with huge debts, has its life hanging in the balance, and it is not easy to restart the road, not to mention that 2 kilometers away, the speed car that has been abandoned for three years.
However, the recent good news has come that Bisu Automobile may be taken over by Great Wall Motors, and the two sides are in contact with the handling of related assets.
Yinxiang "stall"
"If that's the case, that's a hundred welcomes," most local people don't know about the news that Great Wall has taken over the Bisu Automobile Factory, and it is not clear how strong Great Wall Motors really is. For them, as long as the machines in the Bisu factory can be turned again, it means that the Yinxiang Avenue, which has been lonely for many years, is likely to come alive again.
In 2016, the entire Automobile Production of Chongqing reached 3.16 million units, with an output value of up to 540 billion yuan, becoming the largest automobile production base in the country, with 14 vehicle production enterprises such as Changan, Ford and Hyundai, forming an industrial pattern of "1+8+1000", that is, changan as the leader, 8 major automobile brands and 1,000 auto parts supporting manufacturers to develop together.
At that time, Yinxiang Automobile was also not beautiful, with phantom speed S2, S3 and other products, it seized the tail of the "golden age" of domestic SUVs, constantly attacked the low-end consumer market, and crossed the 200,000 sales mark. In that crazy era, Yinxiang Automobile was one of the important models for the rapid development of Chongqing's automobile industry.
Riding on the east wind of the market, all success came too quickly and too easily, Yinxiang Automobile bred blind expansion, the idea of implementing multi-brand operation, Thansu Automobile came into being, trying to reproduce the previous successful model of phantom speed.
It is only when Yinxiang Automobile ascends to the far horizon and thinks wildly about the future, hidden dangers have long been quietly planted. Previously, the inclusive and open market allowed the "wanton behavior" of the phantom speed S3 and the phantom speed H3, but with the sudden change of the times, the auto market took a sharp turn, and the general trend of consumption upgrading surged forward, and the M3 and T3 had no soil to survive.
Relying on Huang Xiaoming's traffic marketing can not bring substantial enterprise development, the contempt for independent research and development system, the neglect of product quality, and the disregard for internal architecture in those years have made the problems hidden behind Bisu and Yinxiang Automobile suddenly erupt.
Broken capital chain, production suspension, dealer condemnation... Yinxiang Automobile, which has serious business difficulties, has been pushed to the cusp of the storm again and again, and Yinxiang has "stalled". Although there was also news of the resumption of production during the period, in fact, at the end of 2018, Bisuo Automobile had basically gone to the empty building, leaving only an empty factory.
Today, Bisuo's factory is dilapidated and eerily dead, with only occasional dog barks coming from the back hill. The outside of the workshop is piled with rusty OEM parts, and there is no way back; the dismantled parts in the workshop are scattered on the ground, covered with a thick layer of dust, and the smell of decay is everywhere.
The display screen of the assembly line is still lit up with bright red production progress tips, and the unfinished vehicle is still hovering above the production line, in a trance, as if everything has not stopped. However, the empty factory area and the dazzling "no model" three big words, strange and shocking.
"The factory can't be abandoned all the time, it has to be moved" Bisu Automobile's northernmost factory was leased to a glass factory to produce glass, and several workers were busy.
The avenue of the factory area is full of scattered dead leaves, and the 6 big trees in front of the headquarters office building will usher in new life next year, but bisu car is completely submerged in dust...
From the official release in 2016 to the silence in 2018, in two years, the disillusionment of Bisu Automobile is essentially a kind of speculative greed, just to cater to the general trend, in a vain attempt to quickly occupy the market with a rapid layout can not bring sustained return on investment, will only create a vigorous development of the illusion.
According to the data, the first phase of the factory invested 5 billion yuan in the early stage, covering an area of 1500 acres, including stamping, welding, painting, assembly, engine and other vehicle production lines and vehicle dynamic performance testing lines, with an annual output of 250,000 vehicles.
It can be seen that even if the capital chain has a crisis, it cannot stop Yinxiang from putting into production another 300,000-strong factory in Nanchong, which is the "scar" left by that crazy era. At that time, Hanteng, Bisu, Borgward, and Siwei were not hundreds of thousands of production capacity layouts, so the paper pile left them a few proud and brilliant moments, and more was the lack of reverence for the market.
In the upstream and downstream of the automobile industry, each exciting extension has hidden great growth and revolution, which nakedly stimulates many automobile companies to carry out "big gamble" investment layout.
Including Yinxiang and Bisu Automobile, their routines and paths are the same: taking the company's own vehicle manufacturing ability and qualification as the guide, taking the development trend of the automobile market as the bait, taking the national industrial support policy as the bet, and taking the guarantee of the local government as the financing escort, and have appeared on the stage.
By the time the local government came back, there was actually no retreat. "BAIC Yinxiang is not only a leading enterprise in the Zenith Industrial Park, but also affects a number of parts factories in the park, and has a relationship of lips and teeth between them."
With BAIC Yinxiang as the center, the layout of Zenith Automobile City has formed a whole industrial chain of automobile and motorcycle manufacturing industry mainly based on bisu automobile, Yinxiang motorcycle and Wanqiang motorcycle, integrating the production of core components such as engine, gearbox, steering, muffler, automobile chassis, and automobile seat.
In other words, once the BAIC Yinxiang crisis cannot be solved, and the bubble of talent outflow, employment downturn, fiscal tightening, and high debt is bursting, the impact on the Zenith Industrial Zone will be incalculable.
Therefore, even in this "nine deaths and one life" industrial war, knowing that the road ahead is more sinister and less auspicious, the local government can only choose to force the bankruptcy and restructuring, rename Yinxiang to Ruixiang and unwilling to quit, hoping to fight tomorrow's smooth road with today's setbacks.
"Pick-up tide" is an inevitable path
Great Wall Motor's Yongchuan production site, 100 kilometers away from the Bisuu plant, are two very different worlds. The whole factory was orderly, and logistics trucks drove out of the factory tirelessly, carrying the Great Wall cannon to all parts of the country.
Surrounding the Yongchuan Factory, it is surrounded by buildings rising from the ground and widening roads. At the beginning of this year, affected by the shortage of chips, the Yongchuan factory encountered a bottleneck in production capacity, and even the news of being forced to stop production was once reported, and for the ambitious Great Wall Motors, the process of capacity expansion is far from over.
At this time, the Bisu factory will be pocketed at a very small cost, which can not only harvest various favorable support policies, but also reconstruct and integrate the entire industrial chain. On the one hand, the concentration of production capacity in Chongqing can effectively reduce the cost of the supporting supply chain, and the two production bases support each other, share resources such as talents and technology, and carry out production coordination.
On the other hand, it can also quickly pull the industrial cluster of Hechuan District back to the normal track, after all, baiqi Ruixiang cannot support the benign operation of the entire industrial chain in Hechuan District, whether it is scale or development prospects. The arrival of Great Wall Motors will quickly activate the regional industrial chain, promote the transformation and upgrading of related industries, and then greatly enhance the regional competitiveness and the comprehensive strength of Chongqing's automobile industry.
Yes, China's auto industry has ushered in a moment of transition in the continuous differentiation and aggregation, and the "mess" buried under such a prosperous world must always have an account. After a wave of "bankruptcy tide" that destroyed the decay, China's auto market inevitably ushered in an unprecedented wave of "takeover tide".
Previously, Geely had successively taken the Guojin Automobile production plant in Shandong and the Cheetah factory in Changsha, reorganized Lifan Automobile, and the Great Wall also quickly took over the Jingmen production base of Cheetah, the second phase of Hanteng and the Daye factory of Hanlong, and BYD, which was actively expanding its production capacity, also divided the two production bases of Mahayana Automobile with the newly entered Niuchuang.
The blind expansion of production capacity brought about by disorderly development is a common disease under the market mechanism, and the problem of idle capacity will occur more or less around the world. According to data, as of December 31, 2020, the total built production capacity of passenger cars of 122 enterprises nationwide reached 41.532 million units, and there were 9.88 million units under construction.
Among them, there are 16 enterprises with sales of more than 600,000 vehicles, with a total sales volume of 16.2805 million vehicles, accounting for 80% of the total sales, and a total production capacity of 20.39 million vehicles, accounting for nearly 50% of the total production capacity. The average capacity utilization rate of these 16 enterprises is 79.85%, which is in a reasonable range.
There are 47 companies that will sell less than 50,000 vehicles in 2020, and the production capacity of these companies accounts for 20% of the total, while the sales volume accounts for only a little more than 3% of the total, and the average capacity utilization rate is only 7.53%.
There is no doubt that what should be done in the face of overcapacity is to establish an exit mechanism so that ineffective capacity can be gradually cleaned up and unnecessary waste can be avoided. At the same time, it is also necessary to encourage enterprises to carry out mergers and acquisitions, improve concentration, and promote large-scale operation, so as to guide resources to gather high-quality enterprises with core competitiveness, which is an objective factor in the emergence of the "tide of taking over".
Of course, the "tide of taking over" is not the norm, which requires the concept, method, subject, link, etc. of the entire market to establish a standardized industrial access threshold and a modern industrial governance system, so that some high-quality production capacity continues to enter, and the survival of the fittest can be fully and efficiently played.
The merger of the strong with the weak, and then the confrontation between the strong and the strong, this is the inevitable path for China to become an automobile power from an automobile power. In the current environment of the great power game, manufacturing is the most core competitiveness in the game, and it will not be an exception for the acquisition of Bisu, and the story here will not have an end...
| Luo Chao |
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