Reading the Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Li Jiuling)
There is a country whose origin is in the virtuous, and mo yanxing and abolishing is a cycle.
Wu Houxing fell zhou yu died, and Ping Shu descended to Wu Xiang and waited.
The Three Kingdoms period was the era of war, and the main theme between Cao Wei, Shu Han and Eastern Wu was of course war, but through limited historical materials, it can also be found that there were some wars between the three kingdoms that did not see the smoke of war, such as espionage wars. What we want to talk about below is a spy war between Cao Wei and Eastern Wu, and the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui sent spies to infiltrate the upper echelons of Eastern Wu, thus causing an uproar, which is the "Hidden Case" of the three major cases of Eastern Wu.
The historical background of the "Hidden Case"
The "Hidden Fan Case" occurred in the fourth year of Wei Taihe and the second year of Wu Huanglong, that is, in 230 AD. In 228 AD, there were many wars between Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu. Between Shu Han and Cao Wei, Zhuge Liang launched the First Northern Expedition and the Second Northern Expedition, especially the First Northern Expedition brought greater turmoil to Cao Wei; between Eastern Wu and Cao Wei, there was the "Battle of Shiting", Poyang Taishou Zhou Qu used a deceitful surrender to lure Sima Cao Xiu to attack Anhui City, and Lu Xun led his army to fight a beautiful counterattack, causing great damage to Cao Wei's army. In 229 AD, Zhuge Liang took Wudu and Yinping Counties, and Sun Quan took advantage of the great victory in the Battle of Shiting to ascend the throne. All in all, Cao Wei was on the defensive on the western front at that time, and also suffered huge setbacks on the eastern front.
And what is more interesting is that before Cao Wei organized the "Hidden Case", Eastern Wu also used means of divisiveness against Cao Wei. Cao Ang died in battle, Lady Ding divorced Cao Cao, and Cao Pi became the de facto eldest son. However, Cao Cao was not a man of the rules, and Cao Pi was able to defeat Cao Zhi and succeed in ascending to the throne thanks to his four staff members—Sima Yi, Chen Qun, Wu Qian, and Zhu Shuo—who were known as the "Four Friends of Emperor Wen". As a result, after Cao Pi's death, Cao Zhen, Chen Qun, Cao Xiu, and Sima Yi became auxiliary ministers, and Wu Zhi remained in Hebei and never entered the court.
The Book of Jin and the Chronicle of Emperor Xuan: "(Sima Yi) had a strange strategy with every great conspiracy, and was trusted by the crown prince, and he was known as the four friends of Chen Qun, Wu Qian, and Ling Le. ”
"Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Wei, Emperor Wen": "Emperor Zhidu summoned the great general Cao Zhen of the Chinese army, the general Chen Qun of the Zhen army, the general Cao Xiu of the Eastern Expedition, and the general Sima Xuanwang of the Fu army, and received the will to assist the lord." ”
This gives Eastern Wu a guess, is Wu Qiang ostracized? Whether or not this kind of thing happened, Sun Quan had to disgust Cao Wei for a moment. Therefore, Sun Quan found Hu Zong, a servant, and forged three demotions, signed wu qian, to destroy the relationship between Cao Rui and Wu Qian. This happened roughly in 229 AD, and in 230 AD, Yin Bo entered Eastern Wu. Therefore, the "Hidden Fan Case" is likely to be a kind of revenge of Cao Rui against Eastern Wu for pretending to be Wu Qian.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms, WuShu, And Hu Zong's Biography": "When The Wei descendants or the General Wu Zhenwei of Hebei, the Governor of Yunwei, were quite suspicious, Zong Nai was pseudo-quality as a quality and made three articles of the descending text. ”
Cao Rui and Hidden Po make up their minds
There are very few records of Yin Fan's life and deeds, only that he is from Qingzhou and has eloquence. Cao Rui found Yin Bo and gave him an order to pretend to defect to Eastern Wu and serve as an official of the Imperial Court to sabotage Eastern Wu. This court lieutenant was one of the nine secretaries, with two thousand stones in the rank of official, and he also had a lot of weight. The lieutenant was in charge of judging the case, and this position was simply too suitable for the task of the hidden man.
"Wu Lu": "Fan had eloquence, and Emperor Ming of Wei made a traitor like Wu, so that he could be made a court lieutenant, and the minister of serious cases was alienated." ”
In the political landscape of Eastern Wu, the Jiangdong clan was a very important force. Sun Quan's plan to expand northwards has been repeatedly frustrated, and he must rely on the strength of the Jiangdong clan, but the strength of the Jiangdong clan is too strong, and it is not the result that Sun Quan wants to see. The official position of ting wei could be heavily sentenced to some courtiers, and it just happened to be a tool man in Sun Quan's hands. Sun Quan's suppression of a certain person or faction will also cause the suppressed party to deviate from Sun Quan. Taking another major case in Eastern Wu, the "Lü Yi Case", as an example, Sun Quan used Lü Yi as a cool official to suppress Eastern Wu's Qunchen. Later, the resentment became more and more serious, and Sun Quan executed Lü Yi again, but there were still consequences that the chancellor did not dare to speak. Sun Quan had to play the emotional card to dispel the fear and dissatisfaction of the minister. Therefore, Xiaobian believes that from Cao Rui's request to HideBo to pursue the position of tingwei, it can be seen that Cao Rui's political sense of smell can be seen.
The infiltration of the Hidden Universe into Eastern Wu
The three sides of Shu Han, Cao Wei, and Eastern Wu often defected, and Sun Quan did not have any doubts and received Yin Fan. Yin Bo was only twenty-two years old at the time, young and talented, eloquent and good, and was very pleasing to Sun Quan. At the same time, Yin Bo did not forget his mission, and when talking with Sun Quan, he deliberately led the topic to prison. After this meeting, Yin Fan also achieved his goal, successfully entered the judicial organs of Eastern Wu, and was appointed as a ting wei supervisor, with an official rank of 600 stones, and was an adjutant of Ting wei.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wushu Hu Zong biography": "Quan used Fan Sheng to discuss prison and used it as a court lieutenant prison. ”
Cao Rui's request was to make Yin Bo increase the punishment and make the Eastern Wu chicken dog restless, but Yin Bo was only a Ting Wei supervisor at this time, not a Ting Wei, and his foundation in Eastern Wu was not solid. Therefore, after Yin Bo entered the upper echelons of Eastern Wu, the first thing he had to do was to make friends with officials and consolidate his foundation.
Well-known Eastern Wu people who were good friends with Yin Bo included Zhu Zhao, Hao Pu, Quan Chun, and Pan Yi. Zhu is from the four surnames of Wu County (Gu, Lu, Zhu, and Zhang). At that time, the official was a general to the left; Quan Qi was also a native of Wu County, and the whole family also had a certain amount of energy, Quan Chun was a Wei general and a left protector at that time; Hao Pu was a subordinate of Jingzhou, and in eastern Wu guanzhi Tingwei, he was the immediate superior of Yin Fan; Pan Qi was pan Qi's son, and Pan Qi was also a subordinate of Jingzhou, and the official was too often. It can be seen from these people that the people who have made friends with Yin Fan are biased towards Jiangdong and Jingzhou. And these people are also the forces that Sun Quan needs to rely on and scrupulously. Xiao Bian privately thought that at this time, Yin Bo may have changed his plan, and he wanted to play a bigger, more time-consuming plan to incite a collective rebellion within Jiangdong. It didn't have to happen immediately, but it was time for him to be in his early twenties.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wushu Hu Zong biography": "The left general Hao Pu and the Ting Wei Hao Pu claimed that He had the talent of Wang Zuo, and Pu You was friendly with him, and often complained about his grievances. ”
Book of Wu: "Returning to righteousness and concealing the ferocity, and giving it to Haojie with oral arguments, and also with the circumvention of the spoken word." ”
"Book of Wu": "Shi Tingwei supervised The Hidden Fan befriended Haojie, and the self-defense general Quan Chun and so on were all treated with great respect. ”
After the "Hidden Fan Case" incident, Yin Fan planted the seeds of doubt for Sun Quan
As a spy for Cao Wei, Yin Fan finally failed. The historical records only record the words "and the most realized, the dead and gone, the catch, the question of the party and the party" and so on. What Hidden Had done, how he had been exposed, was hard to understand. In short, the big cause of the hidden bo was not accomplished.
Sun Quan inquired about who was in Yin's party, and it was reasonable to say that Yin's original purpose was to alienate Sun Quan and Eastern Wu Qunchen, and at this time he had a good chance of spilling sewage, but he did not do so, but kept his mouth shut. Xiaobian thinks that this is the cleverness of Hidden Fan. Let's see what The Hidden Man says.
Wu Lu: "'Sun Jun, husband tushi, is there no companion!'" The death of a martyr is not enough to hold an ear. ’”
Yin Fan first said that he must have a companion, but he did not tell Sun Quan. This undoubtedly planted the seeds of doubt in Sun Quan's heart. You must know that the enemy on the surface is not terrible, not to mention that for a monarch of a country like Sun Quan, the enemy in the dark is the most terrible, and it makes Sun Quan sleep the most. If The Hidden Man really identifies one or two people, then there will be two situations: first, Sun Quan checked the designated person and found that he was innocent and powerless; second, if there was a problem with the identified person, Sun Quan killed them, and then the monarch and the subject were harmonious. Neither of these was what Yin Fan wanted, so Yin Bo hid the "companion" and let Sun Quan find it himself, which would be a more extensive event. Later, Sun Quan let Lü Yi act as a picket of eyes and ears, so that the entire political arena of Eastern Wu was filled with an atmosphere of terror, not necessarily without the influence of the "hidden case".
References: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zizhi Tongjian, Book of Jin, Book of Later Han