The Battle of Yiling is called one of the Three Kingdoms campaigns for a reason. One of them was that 40,000 troops were destroyed, losing a number of Mesozoic generals such as Huang Quan, Ma Liang, and Feng Xi, so that shu Han had no strategic mobile strength for several years. As a result, the ownership of the southern part of Jingzhou was determined, and the pattern of three divisions of the world gradually stabilized.
How can I surrender to The Wu Dog
Summarizing the causes of defeat, Liu Bei, the supreme commander of the campaign, was naturally the first responsible person. However, before the Battle of Yiling, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei died of death, Huang Zhong and Fa Zheng died of illness, Ma Chao and Wei Yan needed to guard against the north, Zhao Yun entered Jiangzhou as a reserve and was responsible for the rear army, and Zhuge Liang and Liu Chan sat in Chengdu to be responsible for "enough food for the soldiers", a turnip and a pit.
With the continuous lack of talents in the group, in such an important battle, the famous general of the Shu army was only Liu Bei. As the saying goes: a good man three gangs. If Liu Bei could have Zhuge Liang's assistance when cutting down Wu, would the situation be better, or even overturned?
If you knew that, why did you do it in the first place?
First, Liu Bei's own problems
The division is unknown. No matter how you say it, Liu Beifa Wu is the factor of avenging Guan Yu. Before the Eastern Crusade, Zhao Yun's exhortation was actually very clear. "Brotherly enmity, selfishness." Crusade against han thieves and gongye. To abandon the national program of the "Kuang Fu Han Room" for the sake of personal vendetta is morally wrong. In addition, it is not just a false name, when 2 weak against one strong.
"Shecao attacking Wu" violates actual ability and objective law, and "uniting With Wu to resist Cao" is the fundamental national policy. As a prince who stood out from the strangulation at the end of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bei should not be unaware. Of course, the launching of the war also gave the Jingzhou faction an explanation, Liu Bei was old and had little time, and strengthened the cohesion and influence of the group.
Don't worry about that much, take revenge first
But what is the main contradiction and what is the secondary contradiction, is he really not clear? For example, in the face of a more powerful foreign enemy, let go of "personal grudges" and adopt a united front strategy. In the 1930s, the shame of our party's previous blood and snow was not at all. On controlling the overall situation, Liu Bei is indeed at a lower level.
The battle line is too long. Rationalize the timeline first. In July 221, Liu Bei attacked Wu with great fanfare and captured Zigui, Lu Xun's army retreated, and Sun Quan sent envoys to seek peace. From July 221 to February of the following year (222): Liu Bei returned to Chengdu from Zigui and negotiated with Sun Quan, leaving the general Feng Xi and others to guard the front. "Biography of the First Lord": In the first month of the spring of the second year, the first lord army returned to The Lord' army.
Don't make peace, then fight
February 222: Negotiations break down and Liu Bei returns to the front and continues his march. Lu Xun continued to retreat, abandoning the territory at a depth of 500 miles and shaking Wu. February-June 222: Liu Bei's army was pushed to Xiaoting, lu xun did not retreat, and confronted Liu Bei at Xiaoting, but refused to fight, and the Eastern Wu generals were dissatisfied. "The Biography of Lu Xun": The generals do not want to prepare, and Sun thinks that it is impossible.
June 222: Lu Xun burns the company camp and the war ends. At this time, Liu Bei was already 500 miles away from the enemy's territory, and tens of thousands of troops had been fearfully maintained for a full year, and finally the opponent found a flaw. Judging from the experience, it was not clear what Liu Bei was going to do. Or rather: he has been led by Sun Quan and Lu Xun by the nose.
Your Majesty, burned up
One will be a large-scale military out, and the next will want to negotiate peace. If the enemy does not want to fight, he can only face each other, and once the enemy attacks, he is broken. In fact, the essence of the problem of the long front is that the entire strategy of the Eastern Expedition is not clear: whether to annex Eastern Wu, or to retake the three counties, or to eliminate the Eastern Wu? Liu Bei himself did not have a quasi.
Improper disposal. Unlike the later Northern Expedition, which relied on the convenience of waterways and terrain, there was no problem of grain and grass supply in the Battle of Yiling. But the art of war also says: The husband wins the attack, but does not repair the attacker's fierceness. Entering a stalemate, Liu Bei did not take the initiative to seize the opportunity to break the enemy's living forces, and he would be caught by Lu Xun. It's like a football field.
This time I don't blame the general, I just let you send the head
Examples of besieging the opponent for 89 minutes, wasting countless opportunities, and finally being attacked by the opponent abound. Looking at the Battle of Yiling, Liu Bei's timing to change the war situation was not absent. First, after capturing Zigui, if it is found that the opponent has no flaws, he should stop the march and consolidate the existing achievements. Wait for the situation to change and then wait for the opportunity to attack, such as Cao Wei's southern invasion 1 year later.
The second is after entering the pavilion. At this time, he had penetrated 500 miles into the enemy's territory, and in the face of Lu Xun, who was always unwilling to fight, there was no way to destroy the enemy's living forces, and it was useless to occupy more land, so he should resolutely choose to retreat. "Sun Tzu": In-depth is specialized, and the master is not gram. Marching to fight is originally a systematic project that requires careful consideration and a lot of concern.
At this time, Liu Bei was more than 60 years old, and his energy was no more than that of Lu Xun, who was 40 years old. Long-term confrontations when the two sides are on an equal footing are more likely to go wrong. Third, the technology of enticing the enemy is not high. It is not that there is no way, such as sending Wu Ban to lead thousands of troops to form a separate camp. But with this trick, lu xun could not be deceived. Fourth, there are no targeted measures. Lu Xun despite Wen Tao's martial strategy.
It's just a trick, I've already seen through it
But after all, it is the first time to be alone, and the qualifications are still shallow. In front of the Eastern Wu generals, they were also under a lot of pressure. Although Sun Quan is very generous, after all, in the ancient battlefield where modern communications are lacking, there are many articles that can be done. Liu Bei himself could not have been unaware. However, knowing that the other party has a problem.
For months, no targeted actions, such as spreading rumors and alienating the relationship between monarchs and vassals, were not taken. Is it the reason why the emotions of the secondary two have erupted, and they must break the opponent with a grand master on the battlefield to show that victory is the way? About touching, arrogance and lack of attention are the main reasons.
Second, whether Zhuge Liang can make up for these problems
The first is that the division is famous. As we all know, Zhuge Liang did not approve of sending troops. "Fa Zheng Biography": Liang sighed: If the Fa filial piety is straight, it will be able to control the Lord to go east. This is actually a matter of different political views. As Liu Bei, who stood out from the division of the princes, should he also listen more and consider it from Zhuge Liang's point of view? Think of a popular TV series.
Ask Kong Ming everything, don't you know the soldiers?
Eastern China has the courage to offer advice, and hasn't the central authorities also listened? As a "zhuge liang" Liu Bei, as long as he can be consistent from top to bottom and look at the problem from the perspective of the great cause of the country, the result is likely to be: make a decision to stop waging war, reduce the controversy to the level of diplomatic protest, and of course there will be no subsequent fiasco.
The second is that the battle line is too long. Many people say: The main reason for the defeat of Yiling was Liu Beijie's camp of seven hundred miles. It is based on Cao Pi's words. In fact, Liu Bei's approach to camping was the only way to ensure the supply line. The crux of the matter is not the formation of the camp, but the fact that the front line should not have been stretched so long. Art of War Cloud: Those who go deep, also the heavy ground.
Who suggested it? Cut it. His Majesty himself has decided
Go deep into the powerhouse, follow its food. In the heavy areas, the more the army crosses the enemy's cities and passes, and the situation will be more complicated in terms of geographical advantages, supplies, and transportation. The early stage of the Eastern Crusade was very smooth, except for Liu Bei's own strong army. On the Eastern Wu side, Lu Xun took the initiative to give up and adopted the strategy of luring the enemy to go deeper. Lu Xun fought at home and was familiar with geography.
The population is more dependent, and the more they retreat, the more fierce the punches they throw. On the contrary, the more land Liu Bei occupied, the more things that needed to be guarded by separate troops and involved energy. If you can't defeat the other side's living forces as soon as possible, it is useless to occupy the other side's land. What would happen if it was replaced by Zhuge Liang? The first example: The Meridian Valley Conspiracy.
Calm down
Assuming that Wei Yan's sneak attack on Chang'an was successful, Zhuge Liang could also lead a large army to respond. The result was nothing more than the capture of an isolated city in Chang'an. Without destroying the Yongliang Wei army behind them, the Shu army that penetrated deep into the Wei realm also faced heavy traps: grain, supplies, and heavy passes of the enemy. The failure to eliminate the living forces and go deeper was the reason why Kong Ming did not allow this plan.
Second example: the 4th Northern Expedition. In the case of the generals mocking and fearing Shu like a tiger, Sima Yi did not dare to attack. However, unlike Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang did not stand still, but quickly cut the wheat on the dragon and safely transferred, so that King Xuan's goal was frustrated. "Book of Jin": I have to do two days at the same time. He also took the time to maneuver to the eastern city of Halo, and broke the bill.
Just because I don't fight doesn't mean I haven't thought
Also deep into the enemy territory, Zhuge Liang was able to safely lead the team back, but Liu Bei was completely annihilated. Zhuge Liang was not easy to judge whether Lu Xun could change the war situation, but just by virtue of Wu Hou's ability to control troops in the Wind and Fire Forest Mountain, even if he could not achieve great results, it would be no problem to preserve the troops.
Finally, there is the temporary disposal. If we talk about military ability, daily marching and camping, troop mobilization, offensive and defensive arrangements, combat strength maintenance, and both virtual and real, Liu Bei is still an excellent general, and he can complete the task well. However, if he really wanted to organize a large army like Yiling to fight as a marshal, he still lacked the ignition.
These little things, I know very well
For example, if you go deep into WuJing and can't find the main force of the other side, if you take Zhuge Liang, most of them can share the pressure of Liu Bei's unified army, improve the degree of unity, and first ensure that they have no flaws. Another example: it is not impossible to know that there are problems with the other party's monarchs and courtiers, and then come up with a strategy of "sending women's clothes", play some tricks outside the military field, and stir up the opponent's emotions.
Another example: Compared with Liu Bei, who later sent troops to lure Sima Yi during the Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang was willing to enter the dangerous land alone and sent thousands of horses as bait, and it was inevitable that Lu Xun was too underestimated. No matter how skillful Liu Bei was in tactics, Lu Xun: "Liu Bei, Liu Bei." Like the notes on a keyboard, strategy is always at the mercy of others.
You see, am I prescient?
Third, a summary
The reason why Lu Xun was able to defeat Liu Bei was his ability to grasp the higher-level strategy. Thinking about Cao Cao's evaluation during the Battle of Hanzhong, he said: This time Liu Bei must have someone around to assist him. That's because there are fa-rectification, Huang Quan, and other people's suggestions. In the same way, if Zhuge Liang could be brought with him during the Eastern Crusade, he would naturally be able to make up for many weaknesses and problems existing in the Ancestor Lord himself.
In the face of pressure, Lu Xun calmed the crisis of trust and did ideological work for the generals: First, Liu Bei was a very strong opponent, even Cao Cao was afraid of him, and this was a time of national crisis. Second, everyone has been blessed by the world, and it is very inappropriate for us to work together and forge ahead in unity, but now we should not follow orders. Third, the lord handed over the military power to me and made everyone submit to my orders, not because I had great talent, but because I could bear the burden of humiliation.
Don't argue, I don't know
Fourth, please do your duty and obey the orders, otherwise, the military law will be engaged. It can be seen that the general needs not only strong military ability, keen judgment ability, and meticulous thinking structure, but also a strong psychological quality. If you are not careful, you will lose all the time. On the contrary, Liu Bei, who disregarded the general situation in order to avenge his personal vendetta, lost the time of heaven first.
You are a big official, you are strong, see what you say if you lose
Deep into the Wu Realm, it is impossible to defeat the enemy's main force. Lost the geographical advantage again. If we lose Zhuge Liang's assistance again, and if we lose people again, how can we not be defeated? By the time of the Establishment of the Three Kingdoms, the struggle between the three families had risen to the strategic level. Hoping that opponents like Dong Zhuo, Yuan Shao, Lü Bu, Yuan Shu and other levels are already unable to keep pace with the times.
Of course, the problem between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang is mainly due to deviations in political views. The lord may have considered Guan Yu's murder more in order to win people's hearts. What the courtiers consider is the overall direction of the group's development. Therefore, I knew that Kong Ming was vigorously opposed, and there was a difference in thinking, which was also the reason why he was not taken with him on this expedition.
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