Last time I told you that during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, there were three relatively large uprisings in Shandong Province. Last time, I told you about the establishment of the Black Iron Mountain Uprising and the 5th Army of the Shandong Provincial People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Army, and today I will tell you about who were the main leaders of the Tianfushan Uprising, one of the three major uprisings in Shandong during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression?
Tianfu Mountain is located at the junction of Wenden, Rongcheng and Weihaiwei counties (cities), 20 kilometers away from Wenden City. The peaks of Tianfu Mountain are rolling and remote, and the traffic is quite inconvenient. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the local Kuomintang government had relatively loose control over the area and was easy to carry out revolutionary activities covertly, so the party organization in Jiaodong carried out revolutionary activities here in the initial period, and the villages in this area were also known as the "Little Soviet Area" in the party.
In December 1937, the Japanese invaders attacked Jiaodong in two ways, one along the Jiaoji Railway, the other from the sea, and from Qingdao, Yantai and other places to Jiaodong. Under such circumstances, our Jiaodong Special Committee decided to hold an uprising in Tianfushan on the basis of the anti-Japanese guerrillas in Kuncheng Mountain and establish the 3rd Army of the Shandong Provincial People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Army.
The day of the Tianfushan uprising was scheduled for December 24, but shortly after the announcement of the uprising, the 30th Army was surrounded and suppressed by the Kuomintang government in Wenden County, and the troops suffered heavy losses. After the uprising was frustrated, by mid-January 1938, the Kuomintang Second District Military Training Office and the suburban peasant armed forces, under the leadership of the Jiaodong Special Committee, held an uprising in Weihai, seized the arsenal of the Weihai Commissioner's Office, and established the Military and Political Committee of the 3rd Army.
Let's take a look at the main leaders of the 3rd Army of the Shandong Provincial People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Army:
Li Qi was the chairman and commander. Li Qi, formerly known as You Jianduo, a native of Taikang, Henan, was born in 1908, joined the Party in 1925, joined Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army, later participated in the Ningdu Uprising, and then went to Shanghai to engage in underground work. Later, he served as the secretary of the Jiaodong Provisional Special Committee and led the Tianfushan Uprising. In February 1938, he was killed in the Battle of the Temple of Thunder at the age of 30.
Lui Zhiheng served as vice chairman of the Military and Political Committee. Lu Zhiheng is a native of Changhai, Liaoning, born in 1911, graduated from Yantai Provincial No. 8 Middle School, joined the Party in 1935, and successively served as the secretary of the Yantai Municipal Working Committee and the deputy secretary of the Jiaodong Special Committee. After the uprising, he served as chairman of the people's government of Zhuanghe County (now Changhai County), secretary of the Cpc Andong (now Dandong) Municipal Party Committee, vice chairman of Andong Province, member of the Standing Committee of the Shenyang Municipal Party Committee, and mayor of Harbin City, at the age of 68 in July 1979.
Lin Yishan, a native of Wendeng City, Shandong Province, was born in 1911, graduated from Peking Normal University, and joined the Party in 1936. After the July 7 Incident, Lin Yishan, then secretary of the general branch of the underground party training in the Beiping Student Army, was assigned by the Shandong Provincial Party Committee to go to Jiaodong to organize and lead the anti-Japanese armed uprising, and successively served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Jiaodong Special Committee, director of the Propaganda Department, and director of the United Front Work Department. He later served as secretary and mayor of Qingdao Municipal Party Committee, secretary of the Andong Provincial Party Committee and political commissar of the military region, secretary of the Liaonan Provincial Party Committee and political commissar of the military region, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as vice minister of the Water Conservancy Department of the Central South Military and Political Committee and director of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission, and died in 2007 at the age of 96.
The 3rd Army had two brigades and a special task force:
The first brigade: Captain Sun Duanfu, a native of Shangqiu, Henan, born in 1911, graduated from Peking University, joined the party in 1937, participated in the Weihai Uprising led by the Jiaodong Special Committee, and later served as the county magistrate of Penglai County, the commander of the North Naval Sub-district of the Jiaodong Military Region, the commander of the Third Brigade of the Jiaodong Military Region, the commander of the 27th Division of the Ninth Column of the East China Field Army, the commander of the 81st Division and the political commissar, and was awarded the rank of major general in 1955. He died in 1974 at the age of 63.
Political commissar Song Cheng, a native of Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, was born in 1910, graduated from Peking Yanjing University, joined the Party in 1931, served as the secretary of the Shandong Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, and after the July 7 Incident, he was sent to jiaodong to organize the Tianfushan Uprising.
The second brigade: Captain Yu Deshui, a native of Wenden, Shandong, born in 1906, practiced martial arts from an early age, joined the revolution in 1935, and after participating in the uprising, he served as the commander of the fifteenth regiment of the five detachments of the Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army, the deputy commander of the First Military Region of jiaodong Military Region and the director of the Wenxi Bureau, the commander of the Sixth Military Subdistrict of the Zhejiang Military Region, and other positions.
Political commissar Lin Hujia, a native of Changdao, Shandong, born in 1916, joined the Party in 1938, and successively served as president of the Jiaodong Youth Anti-Japanese Salvation Congress, director of the Propaganda Department of the Lunan District Party Committee and the Luzhong District Party Committee, secretary of the CPC Shandong Taishan Prefectural Committee and political commissar of the military sub-district. He died in 2018 at the age of 102.
Special Forces: Captain Du Zilin, killed in battle at the Temple of Thunder.
Political commissar Sun Jingqiu's life deeds are unknown.
At this time, the "three services" had more than 300 people and more than 200 guns.
After the establishment of the 3rd Army, it successively launched the Battle of Muping County, capturing more than 70 people, including the pseudo-county chief, the pseudo-police chief, and the president of the Chamber of Commerce, and capturing more than 100 guns; later, it launched the Battle of Lei Temple, killing more than 40 Japanese troops and laying down a plane; and later capturing Fukuyama County and destroying the puppet regime established by the Japanese army.
In April 1938, the 3rd Military Commission reorganized the anti-Japanese armed forces under its jurisdiction, under the jurisdiction of the 1234th Route Army, the team expanded to more than 7,000 people, after which they created anti-Japanese revolutionary base areas centered on Penglai, Huangxian and Yexian counties, making important contributions to the victory of our War of Resistance Against Japan.
Further reading:
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, who were the main leaders of the Fifth Army of the National Salvation Army, which was established after the Black Iron Mountain Uprising?