During the Three Kingdoms period, there were many brilliant strategists, such as Zhuge Liang, Pang Tong, Zhou Yu, Guo Jia, Xun Yu and so on. These people have a good family background, the acquisition of knowledge is relatively simple, there is a certain degree of family learning, and there may be a celebrity responsible for packaging and advocating. Xiaobian is not denying the talent of these people, but these people are indeed better in the society at that time. However, what the following small editor wants to introduce is not such a strategist, but a completely cold family - Kan Ze.
Kan Ze became the key to becoming a celebrity - the servant book industry
When we look at the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, many strategists or famous generals have an ancestor who is coaxed by cattle. Guo Jia has no record of this, but from his place of origin, surname, and the official position of the military master under Cao Cao, it can be inferred that Guo Jia has a certain relationship with the Yang Zhai Guo clan, a legal family specializing in the Xiao Du Law. However, this Kan Ze really has no background at all, which is clearly explained in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wushu, Kan Ze Biography": "Kan Ze character Derun, Hui Ji Shan Yin people also." A farmer from a family, zhize is eager to learn. ”
There were no officials in the ancestors, not even a county order, nor did he have any great Confucianism for governing the book and studying the scriptures, leaving a little family learning or fame. The ancestors were all farmers. Xiaobian did not look at the peasants in particular, but in ancient times, the status of the peasants was definitely inferior to that of the scholars, and the social resources were also inclined to the scholars. If you want to get a higher salary and a better life, you still have to read and learn knowledge. Of course, in the chaotic years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, such a chaotic world can also take the lead, the upper limit is higher, but the danger is also greater, and those who are not bold cannot do it. Liu Bei and Cao Cao both had a future of fighting from the pile of dead people, so many warlords only had a few laughs to the end, most of them died; those great Confucians and celebrities grabbed a lot of them, as long as they did not die, they would live very well.
In Kan Ze's generation, he finally remembered to learn knowledge to change his destiny. Kan Ze knew some words, and did not know whether it was through official learning or what means, but his knowledge was very lacking. Kan Ze's family was very poor and could not afford to buy books, but he found a good job and copied books for others, that is, the ancient maid book industry. You can earn money to subsidize your family and read other people's books.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, papermaking was improved long ago, but there was no engraving and printing. What is the basis for the spread of books? By manual copying, by these servants. So the cost of books is still relatively high. Kan Ze took the copying of books as a profession, and invisibly read many subsets of the history of the scriptures and obtained a lot of knowledge. After having knowledge, you can enter the circle of celebrities in Jiangdong, and after some exchanges and flaunting, Kan Ze also became a celebrity.
Because of the culture, he became a heavy minister of Eastern Wu
In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Kan Ze offered a fraudulent surrender, successfully deceived Cao Cao, and allowed Huang Gai's "bitter meat plan" and fire attack to be successfully fought, and he was a wise man. But the historical Kan Ze became a heavy minister of Eastern Wu because of his cultural achievements.
Kan Ze was famous, and in the society at that time, being famous meant that it would be easy to take a career. Kan Ze was made a filial piety and became the governor of Qiantang County and the commander of Chenxian County; Sun Quan took advantage of Guan Yu's Northern Expedition to give Guan Yu a sword, directly killed Guan Yu, and occupied Jingzhou, Cao Cao's cousin Sun Quan was made a general of the Hussars, Kan Ze was made a general of the Hussars, And was responsible for the appointment of government officials; Sun Quan claimed that emperor founded Eastern Wu, and Kan Ze became Shangshu; during the Jiahe years, Kan Ze became Zhongshu Ling, jia Shizhong, and grasped the secrets of the dynasty; so the crown prince Sun Deng died, sun Quan also made Sun He the crown prince, and Kan Zejia crown prince Taifu, who was Sun He's teacher. As a result, in November of the following year, Kan Ze died.
Kan Ze was appointed because of his learning, and his main contributions were to teach The Crown Prince Sun and sun Ba, the Prince of Lu (although the crown prince was confirmed, Sun Quan treated Sun Ba the same way, so it triggered a large-scale party struggle later, the "Dispute of the Two Palaces"), the formulation of a ceremonial calendar; and the advice to Sun Quan. People who read a lot of books generally do not like to worry about people, and Kan Ze is such a generous elder. For some petty officials, Kan Ze can treat them with the etiquette of equal status; there are some gossip about himself, Kan Ze does not explain too much, but instead makes an attitude of reflecting on his own inadequacies. Perhaps it is because Kan Ze is a person who has climbed up from the bottom of society, has suffered hardships, and has suffered from the cold eyes of others, so after his status is high, he can also maintain this humility and normalcy. In short, Kan Ze is a very cultured person.
It was successfully predicted that Cao Pi would reign for no more than ten years
There is an anecdote about Kan Ze, which is very interesting, and it is also one of the few more explicit things about Kan Ze, so Xiaobian will also elaborate on it. This happened in the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an (that is, in 220 AD), in the first year of the Wei Andhuang Dynasty, Cao Pi finally became emperor, and Cao Wei replaced the Eastern Han Dynasty. This incident can be regarded as the beginning of the Three Kingdoms period in a narrow sense, and it also had a very great impact on the two groups of Liu Bei and Sun Quan. We don't talk about Liu Bei, we only talk about Sun Quan.
Compared with Cao Cao, Cao Pi brought Sun Quan a great sense of crisis. This sense of crisis is not because Cao Pi has any special talents, but because he is younger than Cao Cao. Youth is capital. Let's see what Sun Quan said.
Wu Lu: "Quan Yu calmly asked the Qunchen: 'Cao Pi ascended the throne in his prime, and he was afraid that he would not be able to reach it, what did Zhu Qing think?' ’”
Many emperors have become faint because they are old and their heads are a little out of mind. If nothing else, Sun Quan in front of him is such a lord. The original Sun Quan was still quite shrewd, and after his later years, he personally brewed the "Dispute of the Two Palaces", which led to a darkness in the political arena of Eastern Wu, and later the young Sun Liang caused Eastern Wu to be in a situation where the lord was suspicious of the country for a long time and the imperial power was next to him. And it is not surprising that Cao Pi took the throne in his prime and was rich and powerful, bringing a sense of crisis to Sun Quan.
In fact, it is a bit problematic to say so. Sun Quan, Liu Bei and Cao Cao were not a generation at all, he and Cao Pi were counted as a generation. Cao Pi was born in the fourth year of Zhongping (i.e., 187 AD), and Sun Quan was born in the fifth year of Guanghe (i.e., 182 AD), and the difference between the two was five years. It may be that Sun Quan was blinded in Xiaoyaojin and felt that he was old; it may be that he just casually said it and put on a show of seniority.
At this time, Kan Ze replied that the lord did not have to worry, within ten years, Cao Pi would be finished. Sun Quan felt very strange, Cao Pi was so young, how could this be the result? Kan Ze said that this is seen from the name, the word "Pi" is composed of "no" and "ten", taken apart, it is no more than ten years. The result really made Kan Ze say that Cao Pi died after seven years on the throne.
Afterword
Some people may find it strange that the word "Pi" is obviously the word "no" and "one", what does it have to do with ten? Xiaobian deliberately checked the italic calligraphy of "Pi", and there is indeed a font that is "not" under "ten", so there is no problem with the statement in "Wu Lu". As for whether Kan Ze's conclusion is really measured by word measurement, or whether it is temporarily fooling Sun Quan to be at ease, this requires the reader to judge on his own.
References: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Book of the Later Han Dynasty