Chai surname, in the "chai rice oil salt sauce vinegar tea" ranked first, the population is also the first, has now exceeded one million, in the Chinese surname ranked 127, mostly distributed in Henan, Hebei, Shanxi and other provinces and regions.
There are four main sources of the Chai surname, one of which is derived from the Surname Of Jiang, a descendant of Emperor Yan.
The Tongzhi records: "Chai, Jiang surname. After Qi Wen Gongzi Gao. ”
The Chai clan originated from the Jiang surname of the Qi royal family, and The grandson of Jiang Gao, the son of Jiang Chi of the Duke of Qi, changed his surname to Gao, and Gao Chai, the tenth grandson of Gao Dai, was a disciple of Confucius.
Gao Chai's grandson held high his grandfather's character "Chai" as his surname, and his descendants included chai wu, a famous general in the early Han Dynasty, one of the founding heroes of the Western Han Dynasty, who was given the title of Marquis of Thorn Pu.
Another ancestor of the Chai surname from the Jiang surname was Qi Dafu Gao Zhang, and the "Surname Examination" records: "Qi Dafu Gao Zhang's food was collected from Chai, in the family name. ”
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Liao Dynasty, the Tuguhun tribe gradually accepted han culture and changed it to the surname of Chai [zhài] and the surname of Zhao [zī].
The third source of the Chai surname comes from the Mongolian Clan of Chailji Ti, The Hyegote Clan, and the Hajigut Clan, and the Ming Dynasty's Qarji Ti Clan was annexed to the Ming Dynasty and changed to the Han surname Chai [chái].
The fourth source of the Chai surname comes from the Manchu Saimi [liè, lǜ] clan, Sai Puli clan, and later changed to the Han surname Chai [chái] clan and Sai clan.
The population of mi surname is about 400,000, mainly distributed in Hebei and Hunan, and some are distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, Yunnan and other provinces and regions.
There are two main sources of the Mi surname, one of which is that the Northern Song Dynasty painter Mi Fu examined and believed that the Mi surname came from the Qi surname of the Chu royal family.
The descendants of King Wu of Zhou were in the Chu state, taking "芈" as their surname, and because "芈" and "Mi" were homophonous, some people with the surname Mi changed to the surname Mi.
Another theory is that after the Qin state destroyed the Chu state, the descendants of the Chu royal clan qi changed to the mi surname in order to avoid persecution.
Another source of the Mi surname comes from the Western Mi country.
The Dialectic of Ancient and Modern Surname Books records: "Mi, a native of the Western Regions, who entered China, thought it was a surname. ”
During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Mi people moved to the Central Plains and changed to the Han surname Mi, which was called one of the "Nine Surnames of Zhaowu".
The origin of the oil surname is unknown, but it was used in the Tang Dynasty, such as the poet You Wei, the Ming Dynasty's Jiaotong Zhizhou You Feng, and so on.
The oil surname is mainly distributed in Lu, Anhui, Su, Ji, Ji, Hei, Shaanxi, Dian, Taiwan and other provinces and regions, the population was more than 6,000 people in 2007 statistics, and ethnic minorities such as Susu also have oil surnames.
The yan surname is a rare surname, and there are two sources, one is from the princely state lai state in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the first monarch is Shuying, the younger brother of King Wu of Zhou.
In the seventh year of King Jing of Zhou (538 BC), the State of Chu destroyed the State of Lai, and the descendants of the Marquis of Lai fled and were relieved by a salt merchant, so they changed their surname to Yan.
Another source of the salt surname comes from the surname Ofe, and there is a person named "Zi" in the descendants of Boyi, who is proficient in the art of salt making, and was ordered to control salt during the period of King Xiao of Zhou, and was given the surname of Yan by King Xiao of Zhou.
The yan surname is mainly distributed in Shanghai, Guangxi, Sichuan, Shanxi and other provinces and regions.
At the beginning of the new year in 2007 AD, China's National Geographic magazine sent reporters to investigate the seven surnames of "chai, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, and tea" nationwide, and when investigating the surname of "sauce", only fourteen people were found, distributed in Yun, Gui, Sichuan, Hubei, Yu and other provinces and regions, and the four ethnic groups such as Han, Miao, Dong and Bai had this surname.
There are three origins of the "vinegar" surname, one of which is derived from the surname Ji, during the Western Zhou Dynasty, the vinegar official in charge of the feeding ceremony, similar to the modern person who presided over the funeral ceremony, his descendants took the ancestral official position as the surname.
The second source of the surname "vinegar" comes from place names, during the Sui and Tang dynasties, there was a place called "vinegar (a work) ditch" in Xinzheng, Henan, and there were residents nearby who took the place name "vinegar" as a surname.
The third surname "vinegar" comes from the common name of the world, and the ancient people called the literati "vinegar big".
The "ZiHui Record" records that there are some literati in Xinzheng, Henan Province, who are "dressed like clothes" and have a cold face, and the common people think that they "have an inviolable color", like sour vinegar that is difficult to swallow, so they scornfully call these people "vinegar big", "vinegar", and "sour".
These downcast literati simply sold vinegar for a living, self-deprecatingly called themselves "vinegar masters", and their descendants took "vinegar" as their surname, so as to warn their descendants that "reading is useless".
Although the surname "tea" is also a rare surname, there are many sources, one of which originates from the surname of Jiang, a descendant of the Yan Emperor, and it is said that the Yandi Shennong clan found that tea could cure the disease of the people when tasting the hundred herbs.
After Emperor Yan's death, he was buried in Chaling (now part of Chaling County, Zhuzhou, Hunan), and was given the surname "Tea" by the people who guarded the tomb of Emperor Yan.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, some descendants of Jiang Shang, the Prince of Jiang Qi, served as tea masters of the royal family, making tea for Zhou Tianzi full-time, and the official position was "Tea Zheng", known as "Tea Doctor", and his descendants took the ancestral occupation as their surname.
The second source of the surname "tea" comes from the sub-surname, during the Western Zhou Dynasty, some descendants of Yin Shang Tianzi used "tea" as a surname.
During the Western Han Dynasty, the "Tea" clan crossed the sea to fusang Wuguo to spread tea culture, and later flourished in the island country, deriving surnames such as "Zhu Cha Clan" and "Bo Cha Clan".
The third source of the surname "tea" comes from the vassal state of the Eastern Zhou dynasty shu state , the state of Tho [jū] state, the capital of Tufeicheng (Zhaohua Town, Guangyuan, Sichuan), the younger brother of the Shu king Du Shang, Du Yaomeng fiefdom in Tho, so the state of Tho was also known as "The State of Yaomeng", which was later destroyed by the State of Qin, and its descendants took "Tea" as their surname.
The fourth origin of the "tea" surname comes from the Tang Dynasty's tea saint Lu Yu, whose descendants took the ancestral name "Tea Immortal, Tea Saint, Tea God" as the surname, and later changed to the single-character "Tea" surname.
The fifth source of the surname "tea" comes from the Tang Dynasty's Southern Yunnan Shi Spoon clan, which was changed to the "tea" surname. In addition, hani, bai, qiang, susu and other ethnic groups also have "tea" surnames.