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Spend the spring festival in ancient poetry
□ Wu Qiong / Wen
In mainland folklore, there is a story that in ancient times, for a long time, people did not have enough food to fill their hunger, and their faces were yellow and thin, and they were sloppy. Emperor Yan was very distressed to see this scene, so he prayed to the heavens for the five grain seeds. Indeed, a red Dan finch sent the seeds over, but after the seeds were planted, they were not harvested, so Emperor Yan once again communicated with the heavens, hoping to know how to let the seeds be harvested. Heaven told him that because the sun was sleeping, the seeds planted were not shining enough, so they could not develop normally. Since the crops were sown and grown in the spring, on the day when the day and night needed to be divided equally in the spring, Yandi rode a five-colored bird to PenglaiXian Island to find the sun and wake him up.
Therefore, Emperor Yan rode the five-colored bird to PenglaiXian Island on this day, and when Emperor Yan saw the sun, he hugged it and took it home. He hung the sun on the head of the city in his hometown, and let the sun fully illuminate the fields, so that the grain was abundant and the people were happy. Since then, people have revered Emperor Yan as the sun god. The day of the equal division of day and night in spring has also become particularly important, and at first people only called it "day and night equinox", which means that day and night are divided equally.
Later, when Emperor Yao arrived, some basis that could be called science and technology began to arise, and people no longer just used divine power to speculate on some things. After a large number of measurements and analysis and in-depth research, emperor Yao found that on the day of "day and night equinox", there were phenomena such as day and night equality, and the seven residences of the vermilion bird were seen in the south at dusk, believing that this day was the key to crop growth, so it was named "spring equinox".
The vernal equinox is the most important day of spring, at this time, spring is strong, the season is warm, everything recovers, sooner will be cold, then late will be hot, the spring equinox is in the mid-spring season, just right. In the "Book of Poetry, Xiao ya, out of the car", there is a sentence describing the spring equinox: "Spring is late, and the wood is long." Cang Geng tweeted, Cai Xuan Qi Qi. "You can see how beautiful this season is. Although it is almost the time of the spring equinox, there is no spring in the northeast region where I am located, and due to the climate difference caused by the geographical location, the spring here is always the same as winter, still the snow and ice that did not smile last year, coupled with the cold wind that cut the face like a knife, it is not time to sow at all. In late spring, the wind will blow more strongly, and the climate will be dry and the wind and sand will be spread. When winter is willing to move its footsteps farther, it will directly enter the summer. There is no gentleness and vitality that the world perceives. Therefore, I often go to ancient poems to savor the spring festivals.
I have to say that the literati in ancient times were really sensitive, affectionate, and thoughtful, and the days that there were every year, the usual seasonal changes, could taste a thousand strange tastes, leaving a lot of ink treasures. For example, on the day of Lichun, under Su Shi's pen, it made the present people feast their eyes again. Su Shi wrote in a poem "Huanxi Sha": "The drizzle of the oblique wind makes the dawn cold, and the light smoke is sparse and the willows are beautiful and clear. Entering Huai Qingluo gradually became long. Snow foam milk flower floating noon cup, artemisia annua shoots try spring plate. The taste of the world is pure joy. "The light rain, the oblique wind, the faint smoke, he wrote this poem naturally not in the northeast, otherwise he would have seen such a scene." However, Rao is so, the weather is still not warm, but the author uses a "as Xiao Han" to bring the cold of the early spring season. It seems to be an understatement, but it actually reflects an open-mindedness. Some things that are bad or you don't like, you know you can't change, so why sigh and complain, it's better to face it calmly. But the willow trees on the beach have become a highlight, a "sparse" reflects the characteristics of different species, seasons and regional plant growth, more importantly, the back of the "charming" word, rain feet gradually harvested, smoke clouds faded, the river beach willow, as much as the sun, seems to be to the beach after the sun. Endless dynamic conveyance, more anthropomorphic than anthropomorphic techniques, the secretly germinated spring tide, the vitality in the end of the winter years through this word to the reader.
The two sentences "Snow foam milk flower floating noon cup, artemisia annua shoots try spring plate" are extremely wonderful. Spring plate is a necessity of the ancients on the day of Spring Festival, the seasonal fruits and vegetables or snacks are put together into a plate, eaten in the spring, and given to each other, which is a custom that has been around for a long time. The white foam floating on the top of sencha is described by snow foam milk flower, and there is no current technology cultivation, and the seasonal dish of artemisia annua shoots that grow completely naturally is completely natural. Milky white fragrant tea, emerald spring vegetables, delicious color, vivid image, seemingly exaggerated description, but not at all abrupt, so that the reader is very easy to accept. This technique of casting the image of life into an artistic image is probably inferior to the skill of any lyricist. We often hear the phrase "the unity of things and me", but we are rarely immersed in the scene, and ancient poetry is the best medium and channel for communicating the unity of things and me. A true master can make you feel one with what is written in the poem when you read it. Take a look, take a look! Such a rich atmosphere and seductive power, this is called life life! You are living your life now at best.
Du Fu's "Happy Rain on Spring Nights" is the most famous description of rain festivals: "Good rain knows the season, when spring is happening." Dive into the night with the wind, and the moisturizer is silent. The wild trails are dark and the river boats are alone. Xiao looked at the red wet place, and the flowers were heavy in the official city. The phrase "sneak into the night with the wind, moisturizing things silently" has been chanted by many people in later generations, and here, rain is not just a natural phenomenon, but has been endowed with the feeling of selfless dedication by the poet.
Wei Yingwu's "GuanTianJia" makes the best interpretation of the sting. Originally, our ancestors formulated the twenty-four solar terms according to agricultural affairs, and of course, they are most true in the Tianjiahui. "The light rain is new, and a thunder sting begins." The Tian family was idle for a few days, and farming began from then on. Ding Zhuangju was in the wilderness, and the field garden was also taken care of. Returning to Jing Changyan, drinking the water of the west stream. Hunger is not self-suffering, anointing and joyful. Warehouses are stored in the reserves, and the servitude is still there. Fang Kuo does not cultivate, and Lu eats out of Luli. The phrase "Ding Zhuangju is in the wild" not only depicts the scene of people cultivating in the fields during the spring sowing season, but also highlights Ding Zhuang, giving people a rich and full feeling.
"During the Qingming Festival, it rains a lot, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." Asking where the restaurant was, the shepherd boy pointed to the apricot blossom village. There have always been many opinions about whether the author of this "Qingming" is Du Mu, but later someone changed the form of the poem to the form of a word: "During the Rainy Period of the Qingming Dynasty, pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." Where is the restaurant? There are shepherd boys, remotely referring to the apricot blossom village. "Poetry was the most prevalent in the Tang Dynasty, and it was a label for Tang literature, but this form of five and seven words, whether it was absolute sentences or rhythmic poems, brought certain constraints to poets while being uniform and standardized. With the advent of words in the Five Dynasties period, people began to be able to use this sentence pattern of different lengths to better express their inner feelings. This "Qingming" such a change is even more charming.
"Falling gossamer in March, the wind and rain wash a city of flowers." Unknown East Guo Qingming Wine, what is like West Window Valley Rain Tea. "Qingming has wine, Gu Yu has tea, and Huang Tingjian's poem "See twenty brothers advocating and huazi Manxing" fully shows the scene of the valley rainy season. According to the chronological habits of the ancients, the March here should be the lunar calendar, that is, the fourth and fifth months of the Gregorian calendar that we are talking about now, when it is already the spring flowers and rain that fall and the city is full of spring flowers. East Guo and West Window, Qingming Wine and Gu Yu Tea are in perfect harmony.
Chinese traditional solar terms, no matter where they are, no matter when, have been in the traditional poetry of Chinese, and they are the most flavorful.