In order to create a strong atmosphere for the whole people to participate in the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, the Haifeng edition of Nanfang Daily recently launched a column of "Southern Intangible Cultural Heritage School", inviting experts from the "Intangible Cultural Heritage Lecturer Group" to tell everyone about the past and present lives of Lingnan Intangible Cultural Heritage from the vivid perspective of "seeing people and seeing things and seeing life". In this issue, Qi Zhe, professor of the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts and dean of the School of Arts and Crafts, introduces readers that the millennium lacquer art is constantly innovating and innovating in today's wide applications.
Various craft techniques of lacquer are used in different materials to make decorations
Lacquer art, pottery and ink painting are called "China's three traditional art media", and lacquerware decoration techniques are representative projects of national intangible cultural heritage.
Lacquer art is a dazzling pearl in the ancient Chinese traditional culture, and China has used lacquer (generally referred to as raw lacquer, that is, a natural liquid paint secreted from lacquer trees) for 8,000 years.
The application of traditional lacquer technology in clothing design has a long history. As early as the Han Dynasty, the art of "lacquer fiber" has become the most fashionable and avant-garde luxury of the royal family. The "black gauze hat" used by officials is also made by painting on the basis of yarn.
Because lacquer art does not have high requirements for the "base", it is widely used in eating utensils, tea sets, wine utensils, incense utensils, stationery, flower utensils and other utensils, almost including all the living utensils we see in daily life. Modern industrial nylon cloth and plastic products, as long as the lacquer is applied, it can also convey a strong oriental charm.
Entering the contemporary era, lacquerware that combines moisture-proof, anti-corrosion, moth-proof, practical function and aesthetic value is still widely favored by consumers. The blessing of modern design gives lacquer art a refreshing look. The emergence of new materials, new technologies and new products has also brought unlimited possibilities to lacquer art.
"Rainbow of the Southern Kingdom" by Qi Zhe
From high-speed rail table decorations to car interiors, from dashboards to airplanes and cruise ship interiors, many creative examples of traditional lacquer art have been left around the world: Dutch designers have collaborated with two Japanese craftsmen to create a global limited edition bicycle using lacquer craftsmanship; the concept car run by the Japanese Railway Company between Kanazawa and Rinjima, and even the luxurious lacquer decoration has been moved to two carriages.
Traditional lacquer craftsmanship needs to be passed on authentically, but it also needs innovative design and entry into life. Through creative transformation and innovative development, these lacquer art products not only retain the characteristics of oriental culture, but also bring traditional lacquer art back to the life of modern people.
Lacquered black gauze hat
When it comes to lacquer art, it is necessary to mention Guangdong. As a major province of lacquer art, Guangdong has a transparent lacquer art style.
Yangjiang is known as the "hometown of lacquer art". A large number of lacquer art practitioners distributed in Yangjiang, Chaoshan and other places have also laid a position for Guangdong lacquer art in the country. Since 1978, the School of Arts and Crafts of Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts has set up a special undergraduate major in lacquer art. The profession not only attaches importance to the inheritance of traditional lacquer art, but also attaches importance to innovative research, and strives to make lacquer art present a diversified appearance in the current society through cross-media and interdisciplinary integration.
"Primrose" Zeiko cheered up
As early as the 1970s and 1980s, Cai Kezhen, the former director of the Department of Arts and Crafts of the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts and a famous lacquer painter, created many classic works such as "Primrose" and "Kuixiang", which were also collected by the Guangdong Hall of the Great Hall of the People. In the 21st century, "Spring in the Southern Kingdom" created by Wan Xiaoning, Lin Lan and Qi Zhe, and "Rainbow of the Southern Kingdom" and "Qingying" created by Qi Zhe have become the unique landscapes of Guangzhou Victoria Square, Baiyun International Airport and Zhudao Hotel.
Lacquer art jewelry
Nowadays, under the tide of creative transformation and innovative development of China's excellent traditional culture, the Academy of Arts and Crafts continues to be creative. In April this year, the lacquer auto accessories jointly developed by the lacquer art department of the Academy of Arts and Crafts and byd, a well-known domestic automobile brand, also made a stunning appearance at the 19th Shanghai International Auto Show, leaving another vivid case for the "double creation" of lacquer art.
The transformation of the aesthetic trend of the times has always promoted the innovation of lacquer art. However, at present, the domestic traditional craft "double creation" still faces many problems, and the lack of "grading mechanism" in the market has become a bottleneck restricting the development of lacquer art.
Lacquer art eating utensils
In an ideal state, the lacquer art of craftsmen and artists should be differentiated from the industrialized lacquer art, so as to build a more sound arts and crafts market ecology, realize the innovation of lacquer art through the promotion of market consumption power, integrate into modern life, and let new materials, new technologies and new products bring unlimited possibilities to lacquer art.
Paint beautifies and protects the artifact while retaining the physical properties of the carrier
Live Review Southern Academy is now in session! Guangmei Professor Qi Zhe explains how the millennium lacquer art lives in the contemporary era.
| Qi Zhe (Professor of Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, Dean of School of Arts and Crafts)
Figure | courtesy of respondents
【Author】 Huang Chuxuan
【Source】 Southern Press Media Group South + client