Wu Huawen: The first to enter Nanjing in the Liberation War, Su Yu was not happy, and the people also asked to kill him.
Wu Huawen, the four masters of life. In the early years, Wu Huawen, because of his family's poverty and forced to make a living, ran to the Northwest Army at that time as a partner, because he was clever and diligent, and soon after, Wu Huawen became Feng Yuxiang's messenger soldier. Feng Yuxiang has a principle of employment, that is, he likes to reuse those small people who come from poor families and come from the military. Therefore, through Feng Yuxiang's protection, Wu Huawen entered the Beijing Senior Teaching Corps to study, and later entered the Army University to study.
It can be said that Feng Yuxiang is a noble person of Wu Huawen. After graduating from the Army University, Wu Huawen served as a staff officer of the headquarters, the head of the headquarters special service regiment, and the chief of staff of the division in the Northwest Army.
In 1929, Feng Yuxiang rebelled against Chiang Kai-shek and broke out the Central Plains War, as a result, Chiang Kai-shek bribed Feng Yuxiang's general Han Fuqu with a large amount of money, causing Han Fuqu to defect and force Feng Yuxiang to go to the field. At this time, Wu Huawen also followed Han Fuqu and defected.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Han Fuqu was worried that Chiang Kai-shek would exclude dissidents and take the opportunity to occupy his territory, so he conspired with Liu Xiang and others to overthrow Chiang Kai-shek, and it was discovered. On January 11, 1938, Chiang Kai-shek invited Han Fuqu to Kaifeng to attend a military conference, and han Fuqu was arrested as soon as he arrived, and executed on January 24.
After Han Fuqu's death, Wu Hua, who was then the commander of the Fourth Division of Han Fuqu's troops, gradually felt that the situation was not good, and after his successor Shen Honglie left Shandong, he was even more unhappy under the subordinates of The next chairman of Shandong Province, Mu Zhongguan. At that time, the situation in Shandong was complicated, the regular army of the Kuomintang basically withdrew from Shandong, Shandong could be eaten by the Japanese army at any time, and the Nationalist government was slow to replenish his ammunition, and the military salary was far away. Therefore, in 1943, Wu Huawen led his troops to surrender to the Japanese army and became a puppet army of the Wang puppet government.
Wu Huawen was made a general of the Third Front of Shandong.
Before the surrender of the Japanese army, Wuhua's Ministry of Culture and Culture had already clashed with the Eighth Route Army, wantonly killing communists and anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians, and indiscriminately torturing the people who could not afford to pay military food. After surrendering to the Japanese army, Wu Huawen attacked the anti-Japanese base areas even more brazenly, frantically slaughtering the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians, and the brutality of his means of killing the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians was shocking, such as collective shooting, beheading, burial alive, eye shredsing, shooting live targets, lighting sky lanterns, and dragging them to death on horseback. For example, on December 24, 1943, Wu Hua's Ministry of Culture cooperated with the Japanese army in attacking Nanyan Village in Bolai County, Shandong Province, burning more than 700 houses, leaving only three tile houses and a gatehouse in the village, and cutting off the heads and opening the wounded and captured militiamen for public display.
In short, after surrendering to the Japanese army, Wuhua's Ministry of Culture and Culture simply did nothing wrong, in addition to slaughtering anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians, it also levied tyrannically and plundered wildly, creating a "no man's land" in Yilu that shocked the whole country. The refugees who fled to the anti-Japanese base areas asked the Eighth Route Army to send troops to save the "no man's land." As a result, Wu Huawen became the sworn enemy of the Eighth Route Army, and our army also launched many "campaigns to woo Wu."
In 1945, after the surrender of the Japanese army, Chiang Kai-shek did not hesitate to find an agent from the ranks of traitors in order to compete with the Chinese Communists for territory, and Wu Huawen once again submitted to Chiang Kai-shek, and his troops were reorganized into the Kuomintang 96th Army, with Wu Huawen as the commander and commander of the 84th Division.
After the Battle of Jinan in 1948, with the efforts of the underground party comrades, Wu Huawen decided to submit to the People's Liberation Army. At that time, Wu Huawen saw that the General Trend of the Kuomintang had gone, and finally decided to lead the uprising, led the troops to withdraw from the airfield, and ceded the defensive line to the People's Liberation Army. Wu Huawen's uprising accelerated the process of liberating Jinan, and the entire campaign ended in only 8 days, and of the 110,000 Kuomintang troops, except for Wu Huawen's 20,000 uprising, the rest were captured or annihilated.
In October of the same year, Wuhua's Ministry of Culture was reorganized into the 35th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, with the 103rd, 104th, and 105th Divisions under its jurisdiction. In February 1949, after the merger of Wuhua's Cultural Department and the LuzhongNan Column, it was still called the 35th Army.
No one expected that this unit would actually be the first PLA unit to break into Nanjing. At that time, Su Yu originally wanted to use the 35th Army to attack Nanjing, in other words, "cannon fodder", but no one thought that the speed of the 21st Army, 24th Army, 25th Army, and 27th Army that crossed the river on April 20 was too fast, and on April 23, it was already in the Xuancheng and Langxi areas of Anhui. The defenders of Nanjing were so frightened that they fled south like rabbits, leaving an empty city.
The 35th Army, which was originally "cannon fodder," actually picked up a big leak without bloodshed and made a miraculous achievement. Su Yu was not surprised to take nanjing, but he did not expect that the first to enter Nanjing was the 35th Army, and Su Yu's mood at this time was more complicated. For this great victory, in Su Yu's memoirs, it is only a hasty mention: "The 35th Army on the front of Zhenjiang occupied Zhenjiang and Pukou and Puzhen in the early morning of the 23rd, and occupied Nanjing, the capital of the Kuomintang government, that night. It can be seen from this that Su Yu was not very happy that the 35th Army was the first to enter Nanjing.
In 1949, with the liberation of Nanjing and Shanghai, because wuhua's ministry of culture had committed heinous crimes in Shandong, and the people's indignation was great, the shandong masses elected representatives and formed a delegation to shanghai to petition Chen Yi, then commander of Huaye and mayor of Shanghai, demanding that the ministry be severely punished for the crimes of cruelty to the people of Shandong in the past.
After the patient persuasion of the Shanghai Municipal Government and Chen Yi, the delegation returned to Shandong more than ten days later. However, in January 1950, with the approval of the Central Military Commission, the 35th Army was withdrawn and the number was cancelled, making the 35th Army the shortest-lived army in the history of the People's Liberation Army.
As for Wu Huawen, after the liberation, he took the initiative to apply for retirement, transferred to local work, served as a member of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Government, the director of the Transportation Department of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Government, and also made certain contributions to Zhejiang's transportation construction. He died in 1962 at the age of 58.
Wu Huawen said that if you surrender to the enemy, you will surrender to the enemy, and if you say that you will defect, you will defect, and there is no ambiguity, and whether you are a warlord, a national army, a puppet army, or a People's Liberation Army, you have done a good job. It can be said that Wu Huawen is indeed capable, but his character is not good, and although he has great merits, he also has great faults and blood debts that cannot be forgotten. In general, Wu Huawen is a relatively complex character and is not easy to evaluate.