Why did Guo Songling rebel in those years? There have always been many theories on this issue, but no matter which point of view, it has a certain relationship with Guo Songling's personality. Historical events do not occur by accident, and in many cases are facilitated by the context of the time.
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Almost rewriting the history of Beiyang, where did Guo Songling get the courage to rebel against him?
Guo Songling rebelled against Feng at the end of 1925, when the Situation was that after the Feng clan entered the customs and expanded to Jiangnan, it was met with a head-on attack by the five-province coalition army organized by Sun Chuanfang, and the Feng clan forces were driven out of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions. After the contraction, Zhang Zuolin adjusted his direction and prepared to first solve Feng Yuxiang, who was expanding towards north China. Feng Zhi regrouped his forces, and Zhang Zuolin was ready to let Guo Songling lead an army to attack Feng Yuxiang, and at this juncture, Guo Songling actually joined forces with Feng Yuxiang to defect.
This is interesting, a year ago, in the second Zhifeng War, Feng Yuxiang returned to Beijing on the verge of defecting, not only controlling the great president Cao Kun to oust his direct family, but also blasting Puyi out of the Forbidden City. In this war, the Fengzhi general Guo Songling also performed well, and together with Zhang Xueliang, he won a big victory at Shanhaiguan. It can be said that this time the Feng family can achieve victory without Feng Yuxiang and Guo Songling. Now, guo Songling wants to emulate Feng Yuxiang and turn against him, is he also preparing to return to His Master Fengtian to imprison his old owner Zhang Zuolin? Of course, Guo Songling's banner of opposing civil war and advocating peace, as well as the Qing jun side, which has been commonly used since ancient times, is to overthrow Yang Yuting, a red man around Zhang Zuolin.
As another important general of the Feng clan,
Yang Yuting and Guo Songling are two years apart, and among the "new faction" forces in the Feng clan, one leads the "non-commissioned officer faction," one leads the "Lu Da faction," one fights the old marshal, and the other fights the young marshal, and it can be said that they are all prominent figures. However, both of them have extreme personalities, and in today's terms, their personalities are flawed, which is not difficult to see from the fate of the two.
If there is anything that these two people have in common, it is that they are narrow-minded and self-conscious, especially Guo Songling, which can be seen from these two things. One was to kill his colleague Jiang Dengxuan, as one of the five tiger generals under Zhang Zuolin, Jiang Dengxuan's reputation in the Feng clan has always been good, but he belongs to Yang Yuting's non-commissioned officer faction, which inevitably has a competitive relationship with Guo Songling. Once, Guo Songling wanted to dispose of the next general of Jiang Deng's players, and finally caused trouble with the young marshal Zhang Xueliang, and the matter was not resolved, and Guo Songling was even more angry. Knowing that Guo Songling was about to defect, Jiang Dengxuan went to Luanzhou to try to persuade him to turn back, but he was unexpectedly shot and placed in the wilderness. Guo Songling was indeed cruel enough, if he did not listen to advice, why should he inflict such a poisonous hand on his colleagues, a month later Guo Songling was defeated and killed, Zhang Zuolin was even more unrelenting, and ordered the violent corpse for three days, which was not as good as Jiang Dengxuan.
Another thing is with Yang Yuting
In fact, they are not a type of person, Yang Yuting belongs to the think tank type of talent, suitable for being a staff officer; Guo Songling has a certain military talent, suitable for leading troops to fight. In the development strategy of the Fengzhi system, Guo Songling advocated concentrating on running the northeast, while Yang Yuting advocated expanding to the Central Plains, and constantly encouraged the old marshal for this purpose. During the period of reorganizing the army, Yang Yuting made difficulties for Zhang Xueliang and Guo Songling's two brigades, and Guo Songling was even more dissatisfied. After winning the Second Zhifeng War, Guo Songling wanted to build a piece of land in the Central Plains, and Zhang Zuolin was indeed ready to let him take over Anhui. Unexpectedly, Yang Yuting also wanted a territory, and finally, Jiangsu gave Yang Yuting, and Jiang Dengxuan, who had originally gone to Jiangsu, was arranged to Anhui, but Guo Songling, who had contributed the most in the war, was disappointed.
It should be said that this incident had a great impact on Guo Songling, and three months later, Guo Songling rebelled. In fact, this is all the arrangement of the big boss, and the hatred cannot be credited to Yang Yuting and Jiang Dengxuan. For such an arrangement, Zhang Zuolin also has his explanation: In the future, my seat will be xiao liuzi, and xiao liuzi is in power, are you guo Songling still worried about not having a seat? It also sounds reasonable, it seems that Guo Songling is still a little anxious.
Knowing that Guo Songling had raised an army, Zhang Xueliang rushed to Qinhuangdao and contacted Guo Songling through an intermediary, Zhang Xueliang wanted to interview, but Guo Songling refused. Zhang Xueliang was both a phone call and a handwritten letter, trying his best to persuade him to call off the army and return to Fengtian where everything was easy to talk about. After a few days, Guo Songling finally had a reply, this time not mentioning opposition to the civil war, nor mentioning the Qingjun side, but clearly proposing four conditions: in addition to protecting allies
Feng Yuxiang
Li Jinglin's territory, Guo Songling asked"
Hui feng ruled the northeast
”。 By this time, Guo Songling's real purpose of rebellion was clear, and he wanted to control the three eastern provinces alone. Isn't this forcing Zhang Xueliang to turn against his own Lao Tzu? Zhang Xueliang stopped having illusions and sent planes to distribute leaflets accusing Guo Songling of being ungrateful and stealing his own name to rebel.
Another important factor for Guo Songling's defection is the alliance between Feng Yuxiang and Li Jinglin with him. With foreign aid, Guo Songling not only has no worries, but also can get cooperation and move forward and backward freely. Unfortunately, Feng Yuxiang repeated the old trick and dug Guo Songling's wall foot from behind, this set of defective generals is familiar with it, and Guo Songling is a primary school student in front of him. Feng Yuxiang not only did not send troops out of the customs to reinforce, but also fought with Li Jinglin for territory. Li Jinglin also did not stop and detained
Guo Songling
In Tianjin, the money and tens of thousands of sets of winter clothes were stored, and at this moment, Guo Songling opened the bow without turning back, the allies were gone, the supplies were broken, and the back road was threatened, and could only be roasted on the stove.
It was in such an extremely difficult situation that Guo Songling still fought very well, after all, many of these tens of thousands of troops were elite Fengjun, Guo Songling led the army from Shanhaiguan all the way, from the frozen sea to attack Lianshan and then capture Jinzhou, the next step is to directly attack Fengtian.
The news of the fall of Jinzhou came,
Zhang Zuolin couldn't sit still and was ready to pack up and run away to Dalian. Later, we know that with the stubborn resistance of the Feng army led by Zhang Xueliang and the help of japan, the Feng army turned the tide of the war into a victory, and Guo Songling was defeated and killed.
Of course, the reasons for Guo Songling's failure to succeed are many, such as the defection of allies, Japanese intervention, stubborn resistance of the Feng army, etc., but the most important thing is the morale of the army, that is, the question of why the war was fought. In the context of the time,
With Guo Songling's personal prestige, it was really not enough to lead the Feng army against the feng
。
Zhang Xueliang also knew his teacher very well, and adopted targeted tactics to attack the heart, using an airplane to throw down leaflets that read, "The Zhang family does not fight the Zhang family." Guo Songling's troops were immediately distraught and demoralized, and some of his soldiers asked, "Why did you enter Fengtian?" Playing the old handsome? Don't you talk about conscience as a person? During this period, there were also rumors among the soldiers that "eating the Zhang family, wearing the Zhang family, and following the Rebellion of Guo Devils is really a wrongdoer." When attacking Fengtian, the artillery commander Zou Zuohua actually ordered the fuses of the shells to be secretly removed, and the duds were enough; Zou Zuohua also ordered the withdrawal of the artillery brigade at the crucial moment and the cessation of the supply of shells and bullets to the front line.