Qu Yuan's death was worth it.
Sima Qianyan said: Man is inherently dead, or heavier than Mount Tai, or lighter than Hong Mao. It seems to be a condolence for Qu Yuan. There is only one Mount Tai in China, and it seems that there should be only one person who dies like Mount Tai, and this person is not unique to Qu Yuan. In the historical space of more than two thousand years, why are there hundreds of millions of people who come and go in a hurry? Only Qu Yuan let the sons and daughters of Huaxia remember so much, so commemorate, for a person's death, and unnatural death, Qu Yuan, the death of grievances, the death of anger, the death of throwing into the river, the people of the whole country went to eat rice dumplings, rowed dragon boats, set the day of his death as the Dragon Boat Festival, the people of the whole country took a day off, and became a carnival for the whole country. Tarzan heavy?
Qu Yuan was the first great poet in China, in fact, Qu Yuan did not want to "hate fate", he was an authentic and orthodox "official N generation", he wanted to repay the country and the king, and his ideal was to "rule the country and the world". He has been brilliant, brilliant, and radiant, and if he has always been as rich and noble as his ancestors, and his lyricism has assisted the government, then he will certainly "die as light as a feather." Qu Yuan, on the other hand, was politically frustrated, ostracized, degraded, persecuted, wronged, framed, and exiled to a wetland near the Miluo River that was almost uninhabited. Sima Qian described it as follows in the Chronicle of History:
Qu Yuan, as for Jiangbin, was issued Yinzepan. The color is gaunt and describes withering.
Qu Yuan lacked lao tzu's daguan, lacked the benevolence of Kong Meng, lacked the open-mindedness of Mo Xun, and also lacked the leisure of Zhuangzi, he was not a calm and calm philosopher, nor was he a deep and high-minded theoretician, nor was he a moody politician. He couldn't stand those humiliations, those framings, those planting stolen goods, those sewage, those dust, he loved the king and the country alone, he didn't love himself, he wanted to protect the king of Chu Huai, he protected the chu country, but he didn't want to protect himself. More than a thousand years later, Fan Zhongyan once expressed his political opinion: "If you live in a temple, you are worried about your people, and if you are far away from the rivers and lakes, you are worried about your king." Qu Yuan is not, Qu Yuan is worried about the king at the height of the temple, and he is even more worried about the king when he is far away from the rivers and lakes, and he cannot do without the king." He left jun, and apart from the heart of the worried king, only wine could accompany him, "ignoring the drooling and mourning the daughterless of the high hill."
Qu Yuan was alone, wearing a shawl, losing his soul, staggering, running wild in the wind, sluggish in the rain, sometimes weeping and singing, sometimes shouting and laughing, "The whole world is cloudy and I am alone, and everyone is drunk and I am awake." He asked the heavens and the earth, and asked Jiang and Hu: "The heart of man is not the same as my heart." Occasionally, when I met a fisherman, people only laughed at him, laughing at him as a strange man, a strange man, a crazy man, and an intoxicating person. Without wine, there could be no Qu Yuan's "Departure from sorrow", "Nine Songs", "Heavenly Questions", and "Summoning Souls", and the fisherman saw a drunkard running madly by the river in the wind and rain, and he was mad and resentful for singing and talking about the drunkenness, so the fisherman did not help him. In that extreme of bitterness, who can be relieved of the moment? Wine also, drunk also! Without wine, there might not have been China's first great poet, and without wine, qu yuan might not have jumped into the Miluo River.
"Leaving the Troubles" is a wine song. It turns out that the source of poetry is also in wine, without wine there is no song, there is no poetry, and there is no poet. In the Three Hundred Poems of China's first collection of poems, the Book of Poetry, Confucius praised in the Analects:
The three hundred poems, in a word, say: "Thinking is innocent." ”
Confucius said:
Poetry can be happy, can be observed, can be grouped, can be complained. The father of the things, the king of the distant things, knows more about the names of birds, beasts, plants and trees.
Some of these three hundred poems are songs for wine, chants after drinking, and poetry when drunk. The history of poetry cannot be as old as winemaking. Only with wine can there be songs, only then can there be poetry, and only then can there be poets. This is probably the biggest difference between Qu Yuan and the ancient Greek poet Homer.
Without wine, there may be no Jian'an wind bone. At least the "Three Caos" father and son are all people in the wine. Cao Cao sang loudly: "How to relieve worries? Only Du kang. The most prosperous poets in the "Three Caos" are Cao Cao and Cao Zhi. It is recorded that every time Cao Cao was drunk, there must be poetry, and every great drunk must have good poetry. And Cao Zhi was even more drunk in it, "returning to feast pingle, fine wine fighting ten thousand". Cao Zhi was drunk and dared to drink, and because he was drunk, he lost his position as prince and let Cao Pi take the opportunity to enter. Cao Zijian's talent and alcohol flew together, and no one among the seven sons of Jian'an could drink Cao Zijian. Cao Zijian can also "fight" continuously, not going to the liquor field for several days, waking up drunk, drunk in wake. Cao Zijian's masterpieces are all drunk in wine and groan with their heads held high, leaning on Marco. For example, its "Roselle Endowment", "White Horse Chapter", "Beauty Chapter", and "Gift to White Horse Wang Biao" are all talented and full of wine. It is said that even his famous "Seven Steps Poem", which almost killed him, was even drunk with a few glasses of wine before going out of the car, some of which tasted of "going to the feast Dou hatoyama", spitting out fine wine, and Cao Zijian's seven steps into poetry. After chanting the poem, the clothes were soaked, and the wine turned into cold sweat. Xie Lingyun once commented on Cao Zijian. Xie Lingyun is the originator of Chinese idyllic poetry, he is high-spirited, and there is no one in sight, he said: "There is only one stone in the world, Cao Zijian has eight buckets, I have to fight, and the world has a bucket." "Xie Lingyun dared not to honor the talents of the world, but he did not dare not to honor Cao Zijian." Go read Cao Zijian's poems, and read them carefully to taste the mellow aroma of wine.
When you read Tang poems and Song poems, you should smell the strong aroma of wine.
A poet once said: Those who read Tang poems and are not drunk will not understand them, and those who are not drunk when reading Song poems will not understand wine.
No one has counted the consumption of liquor in previous dynasties, but according to my research, the consumption of liquor in the Tang Dynasty should be calculated in tens of thousands of tons, and the alcohol content should also be increased to more than 38 degrees, achieving complete and complete distillation of liquor.
Li Bai is a wine fairy, no wine and no too white. Li Bai's life can be described in only four words: drunken life and dream death.
Li Bai may have died by falling into the river, but although Li Bai's death can no longer be as heavy as Mount Tai, it has left countless difficult problems for future generations, and the history of Chinese literature is expressed with regret and regret when it comes to Li Bai's death. Do you know that this death can not be lost but the life of a great poet? Could it be that Li Bai and Qu Yuan's special return to the same place must have a response of good as water?
Du Fu said in "The Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking", it is estimated that it is also a song in drunkenness:
Li Bai wrote a hundred poems, and the restaurant in Chang'an City slept.
Tianzi did not come to the ship, claiming that his subject was a wine immortal.
Li Bai's cuteness and respectability is here. Lao Tzu walks with his nature, gets drunk with pleasure, where he drinks, where he is drunk, it is not up to me, but also by wine. Whether you are drunk, sleep, awake, playful, angry, poetry, or song, all of them are sent by Lao Tzu. Even if the Son of Heaven calls and the Emperor summons him, he cannot be frightened into waking up drunk and bowing down to his ears. Li Bai in wine and shi xian in drunkenness are the first in Laozi's world. Since ancient times, there seems to be no one, such as Qu Yuan listening to the "Call of the Son of Heaven" I am afraid that joy will fall from heaven, and the wine will be gone, and the drunkenness will be completely gone. Li Bai is Li Bai. To say that his death is as light as a feather is just to throw people an old wine.
Li Bai can drink, drink without moderation, do not drink and do not spend time, but once drunk, he will be drunk, of course, a drunk will have good poetry. Li Bai said to himself: "Three hundred and sixty days, drunk as mud every day." ”
Drinkers like to talk about drinking:
36,000 days a year, 300 cups a day.
Li Bai's good poetry comes from the time when he was accompanied by wine. Li Bai was sober-minded, and when he was instructed to compose, his poems were also dry, rigid, tasteless, and general. Therefore, when reading Li Bai's poems, you must smell them first, read them when they have the smell of wine, and chant loudly if they are drunk.
The literati of the Song Dynasty drank differently, either worried about the country and the people, worried about the king and the people, worried about the world, drunk with blood boiling, passionate; or drunk in the flowers, the flowers and wine were also drunk, embracing the red and green, shallow and low singing, the Brothel of the Qinglou, drunk him a mess.
I like Willow Three Changes. Outspoken. No one does not admire Liu Yong's talent, Liu Yong's words are a must, and he is graceful and graceful. The emperor did not allow him to be an official, and rebuked him, "And go to shallow and low singing, why should you float your name?" "Oh, or else, why did Liu Yongru become an official of Song Renzong and "sing in a shallow and low voice"? The literary history of the Song Dynasty is likely to collapse into a corner. There were almost no high-ranking officials in the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties who "became talented" and "hated life in articles" before there were three changes in Liu. The brothels of the Qinglou are no darker and more yellow than the officialdom, and may be simpler, more credible, and more emotional than the officialdom. After Liu Yong's death, more than 800 prostitutes volunteered to handle the funeral for this talented man who had almost nothing.
In the past, when Liu Yong was mentioned, almost all textbooks said this: "There are many negative and decadent, low-level vulgar and even yellow things in Liu Yong's works. "Tell Willow to never drink?" Called Willow a prostitute? Call Liu Yong a righteous two sleeves of fresh wind? Or let Liu Yong be a proletarian literary and artistic fighter? It is not as wise as Song Renzong, you drink your wine, you chant your words, you are promiscuous, you whisper, you are willful, all by you Liu Yong, as long as you don't be an official of my Song family. This is the willow three changes.
Amorous parting from ancient wounds, more kan, snubbed the Autumn Festival! Where is the wine awake tonight? Willow shore, dawn wind and moon. This past year should be a good day and a good scene. Even if there are a thousand styles, who to say?
This is the three changes of the willow.
Liu Yonggao can chant good words when he is drunk, and he can also sing good songs when he wakes up.
There are three autumn guizi and ten lotus flowers. Qiangguan makes it clear, Lingge pans the night, and plays fishing for Lotus Baba.
Who can write such a good word? Who can draw this picture? Who can express such a mood? Willow three changes also. This is the willow three changes.
"Wherever there is well water, it is possible to sing willow words." Ask if there is anyone but Liu Yong?
Liu Yong drank wine by wen, carefully, and slowly, and the emperor hand-picked it as "shallow pouring", which was different from the shang family sitting down and just taking care of the large bowl and sieve.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, lower-level officials, gamblers, traders, fishermen, hunters, catchers, green skins, scoundrels, outsiders, landlords, idle people, military men, jailers, listeners, servants, etc. drank on the bowl, and the way to drink was to drink directly on their necks, and the standard for drinking was to shake the sky with drunkenness, and the father and mother did not recognize it, or simply drunkenly lying on the street.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, folk drinking was drunk, nakedly poured, drunk until the body was hot and dry, and the cloth shirt was torn off, revealing a body of knotted flesh.
Shi Nai'an must be able to drink wine, and he must be able to drink a lot of wine. Different from Cao Xueqin, Cao Xueqin drank warm wine carefully, sip by sip, like the drinking method in "Dream of the Red Chamber", that is, the famous villain and hooligan Xue Pan, who also drank cup by cup and bite by bite, all without losing elegance. Wu Song in Shi Nai'an's pen has "four drunks" in his life: drunk jingyang gang, drunk and beaten Jiang Menshen, drunk on Kong Ming, drunk on Song Gongming.
"Wusong Fighting Tiger" was almost a household name in the 1950s and 1960s. Na Wu Song killed the "Hanging Eye White-fronted Worm" with his bare hands, which was a hero, and Takejiro's alcohol was also very good. In the "three bowls but not gang" hotel, Wu Song drank a bowl of wine full of sieve and shouted, "This wine is so powerful!" "I studied that since it is a full bowl of wine, even if it is shallow and small, it should be able to hold at least half a pound of wine, less is half a bowl of wine, and less is a bowl of bottom wine." Drinkers know the rules of drinking, pour wine to be full, drink their own. The rules of this liquor store have not changed to this day. Wu Song drank eighteen bowls in a row. Eighteen bowls of wine are conservative and some say that there must be about six and a half pounds, and this kind of "indigenous wine" makes Wu Song, a drunkard who drinks the first bowl, shout "good life and strength"! I estimate that its alcohol content will not fall below 38 degrees. After drinking, he actually "took the whistle stick and left." How much wine can this man of Wu Song drink? Look at Wu Song drunkenly beating jiang men god, the god is "no three but not hopeful", but when he sees a wine flag, he will open the wine and meat, and drink three bowls of wine in a row. I estimate that the fermentation and brewing technology of liquor in the Northern Song Dynasty era is by no means comparable to the Western Jin Dynasty of Cao Cao's late Eastern Han Dynasty and the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest, when "alcoholic beverages" could effortlessly "numb" the group of heroes, let alone the Song Dynasty? I suspect that by the time of the Song Dynasty, it was very likely that double distilled white dry liquor had appeared in the Central Plains, and its alcohol content could exceed 60 degrees. How much did Wu Song drink? This Shandong han "drank thirty-five or six bowls" and only drank "five or seven points of wine", which was still a long way from drinking high, drinking big, drinking, and getting drunk. In the words of Wu Song, "I am drinking to the benefits", taking advantage of the five or seven points of drunkenness, drunkenly beating Jiang Menshen.
On the amount of wine, on drinking, on the way of drinking, the flower monk Lu Zhishen should be above Wu Song. When he was a monk at Wutai Mountain, he used to "drink dry", that is, there was no wine dish, unlike Wu Song, who cut two pounds of cooked beef to drink, but drank dry on an empty stomach, "when there was no movement, two barrels of wine ate a barrel". How much shi nai'an is not clear in a barrel of wine, but according to the "Wu Yongzhi ZhiSheng Chengang", a barrel of wine is fifteen military men, and one person can drink a scoop, and I estimate that it should be about fifteen or six pounds before it is worth selling a load of wine. Fifteen or six pounds of even if it is a low-grade wine, it should be reasonable to drink three or five drinkers, but Lu Zhishen alone will dry up with a small wind, and he can also walk back to the Wutai Mountain Temple, so it seems that Lu Zhishen should be the best man in Liangshan's one hundred single and eight generals who can drink the most and drink the most. The Northern Song Dynasty was a peak period for Chinese drinking. After the Northern Song Dynasty, heavy drinking, binge drinking, drunken drinking, and high drinking gradually declined.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, folk women also drank even more. In "Water Margin", all the women who appear, even old ladies like Wang Po and Yan Po Xi, are very fond of drinking. At present, we must drink a few cups of old wine, as for pan jinlian, mother night fork, Pan Qiaoyun, Yizhangqing, which can drink a few pounds of wine, to the "Golden Bottle Plum", Pan Jinlian can drink three pots of liquor in one go. Good to be born! It can be speculated that during the Northern Song Dynasty, in the city, women drank as if women were drinking tea now.
On the stage of China's national peking opera, you are drinking from the sky and drinking the ground, and there is a wine pot and two wine glasses on the table. "Noble Concubine Drunk" The noble concubine is drunk with great energy, which makes people look dazzling, and the heart is like a drunkard, and fang knows that it is wrong to be drunk and ugly. Beauty is drunk, drunkenness is beautiful. After drunkenness, every move is beautiful, beauty is in drunkenness, and the beauty in drunkenness is beautiful. Fang knows that the fairy is not a phantom, and the noble concubine is also drunk.
In the 1920s, Mei Lanfang went to Shanghai to perform "Noble Concubine Drunk" how well she sang? At that time, a Shanghai literary and art column reporter wrote that Mr. Mei's play "Noble Concubine Drunk" premiered in Shanghai, how not to enter the theater to listen, just stand at the door of the theater when the scene is out, you see those fans come out of the theater, all of them are like drunken noble concubines, walking are fluttering!
Mr. Mei's "Noble Concubine Drunk" is not a sin to look at. Don't look at you and know what is the beauty of the world? Don't you know that only a drunk beauty is the most beautiful beauty?
Fang Zhi's words of Mr. Ouyang Xiu, who is known as "Mr. Drunkard", have a long rhyme:
The meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but also in the mountains and rivers.
It turns out that the drunkenness of beauty is not in wine, care about love, care about beauty also...
This is a rare book that looks back at the times, a book that deeply reflects on trends and movements, a book that records the complex and multiple emotions of intellectual youth, and this is The new work of Bai Tou-ong, "Also Three Springs and Autumn: My Years of Knowing Youth", which is worth reading, worth having, and worth placing on the desk.