To introduce a painting to everyone, Gu Kaizhi's "Roselle Futu" of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
(Biography) Eastern Jin Dynasty Gu Kaizhi Luoshen Futu
"Song Ren Gu Kai's Luoshen Futu", Liaoning Provincial Museum Collection
"Roselle Futu" is said to be the famous work of the Eastern Jin Dynasty painter Gu Kaizhi. Together with Han Di's "Five Bull Diagram" of the Tang Dynasty, Gu Hongzhong's "Han Xizai Night Feast Map" in the Five Dynasties, and Zhang Zeduan's "Qingming Upper River Map" of the Northern Song Dynasty, it is also known as one of the top ten famous paintings in China. Unfortunately, the original painting has not been passed down, and the current versions are all facsimiles, which are stored in the Liaoning Provincial Museum, the Palace Museum in Beijing, the Freer Museum of Art in the United States, and the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
This work is a long-scroll comic strip based on scenes from Cao Zhi's "Roselle Endowment". Also in this form of Gu Kaizhi's works are "Female History Zhentu" and "Lienu Renzhitu". "Roselle Fu" was originally called "Sense Zhen Fu", which mainly describes the love story of Cao Zhi's early years with Zhen Mi, the daughter of Zhen Yi of Cai County at that time. Zhen Mi later married Cao Zhi's brother Cao Pi, and after giving birth to the Ming Emperor Cao Rui, she was persecuted to death. Luoshen is the daughter of the legendary Fuxi, who drowned in Luoshui and became a god, known as Mi Concubine. It is said that Cao Zhi received the pillow of Concubine Mi and lamented that he made this gift to express his admiration for him and his sorrow that he could not achieve his wishes because of the "special way of man and god".
Gu Kaizhi understood the emotions that Cao Zhi wanted to express in the original text, and as the plot continued to unfold in the painting, the expression of Concubine Mi Gu Pansheng and her affectionate expression was also just right. The characters in the painting are arranged carefully, showing the transformation of different time and space in one picture. For example, in the scene where the two first meet in the painting, Cao Zhi stands on the shore and looks at Roselle on the water in the distance, her fluttering clothes belt and the beautiful posture of Ling Bo's micro-steps highlight her immortality, and her admiration for Cao Zhi and the dynamic of wanting to go back also fully express her contradictory psychology. As the plot unfolds, Gu Kaizhi depicts cao zhi and Luoshen's many encounters in the picture, and finally Luoshen drives the six-dragon cloud car in the clouds, leaving Cao Zhi reluctantly leaving.
Gu Kaizhi was the originator of the creation of Chinese painting, and his brushwork was like spring silkworm spitting silk, light and smooth, which was called "iron line drawing" by later generations. Zhang Yanyuan of the Tang Dynasty commented on Gu Kaizhi's paintings as follows: "Tight and vigorous, circulation is super abrupt, the style is easy, the wind tends to thunder, the intention is to save the pen first, and the painting is full of intention, so the whole god is also." Looking at the "Roselle Futu", this painting is slightly deficient in the treatment of mountains and rivers and trees, but this also strengthens the decorative interest of the whole work to some extent. In addition, the depictions of cars and boats, nuwa and grotesque mythical beasts in the background are extremely vivid and vivid, making the whole picture full of strong mythological atmosphere and romanticism. This work can be called a treasure of classical Chinese painting art in terms of composition, plot display, character portrayal and pen and ink painting techniques.
Roselle Futu is a classic painting that perfectly combines ancient literature and painting.
Among the many Copies of Gu Kaizhi's "Luoshen Futu" song facsimiles that have been handed down, Liao Boben is the only one in the scroll with the "Luoshen Fu" Fu text, which is the same as the Tang Dynasty facsimile of Gu Kaizhi's "Female History Zhentu" now collected in the United Kingdom, and is also close to the shape of the juxtaposition of pictures and texts in the woodblock paint paintings of the Northern Wei Sima Jinlong Tomb unearthed in Datong, Shanxi, indicating that this form of painting combining pictures and texts was already relatively common in the Wei and Jin dynasties. Wang Duo called it "the first special thing in the universe" after the volume.
Wang Duo "The First Special Thing in the Universe"
Then browse in segments
The calligraphy in the Liaobo Ben "Luoshen Futu" volume is the calligraphy style, and its calligraphy style has much in common with the earliest calligraphy collected by Liaobo, namely the Eastern Jin Dynasty Kaishu "Cao E's Recitation". The Liaobo ben "Roselle Futu" volume has the characteristics of Jin Dynasty calligraphy and painting in both calligraphy style and painting style, so it is said that it is the most important painting trace closest to the ancestral book among the facsimiles passed down from generation to generation.
In addition, there is the problem of supplementary painting and supplementary books, according to the current hand-scroll mounting appearance, the scroll's introduction, water separation, painting center and tail paper between the riding seam prints are mostly the Qing Dynasty Liang Qingbiao, and the front of the volume has Liang Qingbiao's old inscription. Combined with some characteristics of Liang Qingbiao's calligraphy and painting collection, it can be preliminarily judged that the current mounting appearance should be re-framed when Liang Qingbiao collected. The section and the first 20 lines of text that were repainted in front of the scroll may have been repaired when Liang Qingbiao reframed.
The "Luoshen Futu" in the collection of the Liaobo Museum belongs to the highest level of imitation in the Song Dynasty facsimile, and it is also the only one with both pictures and texts. The whole long volume is divided into twenty-two sections, with color painting characters, landscapes, dragon fish, carriages and horses, gods, etc., depicting meticulous and vivid, the characters are beautifully dressed, the trees and stones are ancient, and the brushwork is beautiful, which fully reflects the original lyrics. The small letters in the picture scroll are inscribed in the blank space of the picture scroll, and as the picture scroll extends, the height is staggered, and the number of meanings is determined according to the meaning of the picture.
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