"Like a frightening, graceful dragon." Rong Yao Qiu Ju, Hua Mao Chun Song. "During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Zhi's "Roselle Endowment" made the beauty of Roselle move the world, and since then, whether it is calligraphy or painting, there has been a figure of Roselle. The beauty of Roselle is unparalleled in their creations.
It is rumored that the prototype of Luoshen in the story is Cao Zhi's sister-in-law Zhen Mi. During the Three Kingdoms period, there is a saying "Jiangnan big and small Qiao, Hebei Zhen Mi is pretty", Zhen Mi is a woman who combines beauty and talent. When Zhen Mi was a teenager, she married Yuan Shao's son Yuan Xi, and after Yuan Shao's army was defeated and died in the Battle of Guandu, after Cao Pi entered the Yuan mansion, Cao Pi took a picture of Zhen Mi as a human wife, and Cao Cao saw it and gave Zhen Mi to his son Cao Pi as a reward. As everyone knows, his younger brother Cao Zhi also fell in love with him at first sight, but things have been decided and cannot be changed, and Cao Zhi can only put his love for Zhen Mi in his heart.
▲ Zhen Mi stills
Xiangsi is the most human suffering, and Cao Zhi can only silently pay attention to Zhen Mi. Twenty-one years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, when he heard that his brother Cao Pi was about to marry a woman surnamed Guo, Zhen Mi had fallen out of favor, and Cao Zhi was shocked, but he could not do anything. After a few years, Cao Zhi entered the palace to do business, and heard that Zhen Mi was given death, and when he died, "wearing hair and covering his face and plugging his mouth with chaff" was extremely tragic, and Cao Zhi's heart was like a knife, and he was full of grief. Just when returning to the fiefdom, Cao Zhi passed through the place where he fell into the water, and in a trance he seemed to see Luoshen, who was like Zhen Mi, so he wrote this famous poem "Luoshen Endowment" with a stroke of his pen.
In the text, Cao Zhi fictionalizes the poignant love story of his encounter with Roselle, their love for each other and their separation. In fact, where there is any Roselle, Cao Zhi just borrowed the name of Roselle to describe Zhen Mi's incomparable beauty and unparalleled style in the world, expressing his longing for Zhen Mi and infinite sadness.
After reading "Luoshenfu", the Eastern Jin Dynasty painter Gu Kaizhi had a lot of feelings, and he drew this ancient painting "Luoshen Futu", which is known as "the first of China's top ten famous paintings".
Because the original work has long been lost, the version seen now is an imitation and is now in the Liaoning Museum. The Roselle Futu volume is a long, comic strip-like and integrated volume composed of multiple storylines.
The whole volume is divided into three parts, which depict the sincere and pure love story of Cao Zhi and Roselle in detail and layers.
The character arrangement is dense and appropriate, naturally alternating, overlapping and exchanging in different time and space, and in the depiction of mountains and rivers, all show a kind of spatial beauty.
The mountain stones are stained without rubbing, the trees are more leafy, slightly stained and inadvertent, the shape of the column planting is like "outstretched arms and fingers", the momentum of the mountains is like "tungsten decorated with rhinoceros", "people are greater than mountains, and water is not allowed to be panned", which is consistent with the Style of Wei and Jin paintings discussed in Zhang Yanyuan's "Records of Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties".
The expression of its thematic ideas is complete and harmonious. Gu Kaizhi skillfully uses various artistic techniques to express the love story between Cao Zhi and Luoshen in the rhetoric to be pure and touching, romantic and sad.
The picture is fantastic and gorgeous, the plot is real and touching, full of romantic color, full of flowing romantic, poetic and rich atmosphere.
Whether the image of Roselle in the picture appears on the water, or flies in mid-air, or walks in the jungle, or leaves by cloud car, most of the images are moving towards the left side of the picture, turning back to look at Cao Zhi on the shore, and the eyes are either full of affection, or helpless and sentimental, or want to talk and stop, or cling to it.
After Roselle left, Cao Zhi still looked ahead to pursue Luoshen's shadow, even if he sat on the car on the way home and left, he still looked back. The characters' wordless eyes reveal the true love of the two and the helpless sorrow of falling in love and not being able to stay together, which aggravates the romantic and sad atmosphere.
Looking at the whole painting, the painter fully mobilizes his imagination and the characteristics of the painting itself on the basis of being faithful to the original story.
From the perspective of expression techniques, the mountain stone trees in "Roselle Futu" are clumsy in style, simple in structure, and flat in shape. Almost every part of the story has a portrayal of water, but the water potential, water state, and water nature are expressed in a kaleidoscopic manner with lines, which are by no means the same.
Its composition basically represents the characteristics of the times at that time, using the technique of continuous multi-picture representation of a complete plot, similar to contemporary comic strips, the difference is that our comic strips today tell a story more than one painting, because it takes place in different time and space.
The overall layout not only basically gets rid of the "clumsiness" of the previous generation in the arrangement of the image, but also greatly enhances the appeal of the work through the creation of a rich and complex atmosphere of the picture.
"Roselle Futu" subjectively summarizes the colors according to the needs of emotional expression, and the light and hazy picture renders the emotional journey of sorrow and joy between Cao Zhi and Roselle, which is full of romantic atmosphere. Through the processing of the brightness of color and the relationship between cold and warm, people have rich visual associations.
Qianlong commented: "Wonderful into the peak." "Roselle Futu" created a precedent for the long scroll of traditional Chinese painting and is known as the "ancestor of Chinese painting".
In fact, "Luoshenfu" is not only liked by Gu Kaizhi, but also by the Yuan Dynasty calligrapher Zhao Mengfu. He has written "Roselle Endowment" many times, and there are many surviving editions, but there are two completely preserved masterpieces, which are collected in the Palace Museum in Beijing and the Tianjin Museum.
Today we appreciate this volume with a total of 68 lines, which is about the book written by Zhao Mengfu when he was forty-seven years old. Its pen is pure and round, the knot body is rigorous and charming, and the rules are peaceful and elegant. Presenting a clean and elegant style, in "Roselle Endowment", the beauty of "neutralization" fills the whole text, which has a far-reaching impact on the development of calligraphy art in later generations.
Zhao Mengfu's book "Roselle Endowment" is appreciated
Cao Zhi's literary style, Gu Kaizhi's paintings and Zhao Mengfu's calligraphy are simply not contrary to the sense of harmony! What do you think?
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