Author: Dai Ke, Source: Tang Poetry song poetry ancient poems (ID: tsgsc8)
In the history of Song Ci, Qin Guan is a figure that cannot be circumvented. Even under the top aura of Liu Yong, Ouyang Xiu, Zhang Xian, and Su Shi, there was still a piece of qin xueshi's own world. No one can replace this world, because he has a unique "heart of words".
Regarding the "heart of words", it comes from Feng Xu, a talented son of the Qing Dynasty. He said: "Others rely on talent to write words, while Qin Shaoyou relies on the heart of words." It is also this heart of words that makes him a generation of people. And it can't be taught to others. ”
To be honest, I have long believed in this statement. I still remember when I was teaching my children to write poetry in junior high school, I specifically mentioned that when writing poetry, I did not work words, but focused on practicing a heart that loved life. With this poetic heart, everything in the world with a soul can be included in poetry. At that time, the students may be somewhat confused. But this was indeed what Dai Yu teacher taught Xiang Ling.
Although Qin Guan is tall and has long hair like a tuft, he is extremely delicate, tender and sensitive, and can write many wonderful works, and he thinks that he is also closely related to this.
The stubborn green years
Qin Guan was born in Gaoyou, which is a cultured place. In modern times, Wang Zengqi's "salted duck eggs" have been known all over the world. As early as the Northern Wei Dynasty, Jia Sixun's "Qi Min Zhi Shu" has a record of salted duck eggs, and for the fellow Qin Guan, it must have been eaten since childhood.
Qin Guan was relatively stubborn at that time, hardly reading, and only knew how to "dance with guns and sticks" all day long, and practiced martial arts by himself. When he was seven years old, he began to go to elementary school, and at the age of nine, he read the books "Mencius". It can be seen that the enlightenment of Qin Guan was relatively late. And not only did he not study well, but he also learned to drink and liked to wander around with drunkards. Fellow countryman and predecessor poet Sun Jue often advised him: If you go on like this, you will be ruined. Qin Guan listened to the words of his predecessors and began to read some books, often two or three days a month. But even so, there are people who are willing to marry their daughters to him.
At the age of nineteen, Qin Guan married Xu Wenmei, the daughter of Xu Chengfu, the chief of Ningxiang in Tanzhou. What is the situation with this wife? I think it can be compared with Su Shi's old mother, Mrs. Cheng. After Mrs. Cheng married into the Su family, her husband spent a day wandering, and she ran the family's cloth business alone and took care of several children. After more than ten years of hard work and resentment, he finally exchanged his affection for Su Xun's prodigal son.
Xu Wenmei is richer than Mrs. Cheng's family, and her mother's family will also give financial support when it is difficult, so Qin Guan's life has been improved, and there is no need to run for livelihood. Even the daughter-in-law raised silkworm weaving cloth, Qin Guan chatted with her on the side, and also wrote the "Silkworm Book".
As a result, the daughter-in-law's craftsmanship was on fire, and Qin Guan's book was also on fire. Although the imperial examination failed, his life was more peaceful. He has a poem "XingXiangzi", which depicts the idyllic scenery of leisure at this time.
Trees surround the village, and the water fills the pond. Leaning on the east wind, Haoxing wandered. A few small gardens, harvesting the spring light. There are peach blossom red, plum blossom white, cauliflower yellow.
Far away from the wall, hidden thatched hall. Fluttering green flag, next to the flowing water bridge. By chance, I walked through Higashioka. Warblers are crying, swallows are dancing, butterflies are busy.
The word is characterized by a combination of nature and wonder. The nature at the beginning reveals the incomparable nature of rural life. Facing the east wind, the author is wandering happily, and it seems that the mood is quite good. Although the garden is small, it has collected all the scenery, peach blossoms, plum blossoms, cauliflowers, this sentence is really amazing. Walk along the riverside field, these flowers can be seen in the same season, so it is very natural to put them together.
Then, walking away from near, I first saw the wine flag flying, and then walked through Donggang, and there was a lively scene of warblers, swallow dances, and butterflies. Corresponding to the peach blossoms, plum blossoms, and cauliflowers in the previous film, it seems that when he wrote the first sentence, he thought of the end of the next film. This early work, with its technical component, was completely detached from skill when it was a little older, and it became a word in the heart of the word.
See the origin of the Dongpo love word
When Qin Guan was twenty-six years old, he had admired Su Shi for a long time, but unfortunately he did not have the opportunity to see him. This is mainly because of his great fame in Gaoyou, and his reputation in the country is still very small. At this time, Su Shi was going to Go to Mizhou to take up his post, passing through Yangzhou, and accompanied by Yangzhou Taishou, went to Pingshan Hall to mourn Ouyang Xiu. Qin Visualized that this was a perfect opportunity. So before Su Shi and his party arrived, they first went for a turn.
After Su Shi came, accompanied by everyone, he suddenly saw who was waving on the wall and quipped: Is this written by Ou Gong's soul? Everyone looked closely, but found that it was the font of Dongpo, and finally fell four words: Meishan Sushi. Where is this? Su Shi said doubtfully, he had not inscribed a word here!
When he saw his old friend Sun Jue, he handed over a volume of poetry. Su Shi read it and exclaimed, "Is it this person who inscribed poems on the wall?" Sun Jue smiled and said nothing, and slowly introduced Qin Guan to him. After this story, the young Qin Shaoyou left a deep impression on the elder poet Su Shi.
However, by the time he officially met the master, it was already three years later. The time is probably in the first year of Yuanfeng, and the Qinguan scientific expedition has failed the list again. In addition to being discouraged, he went to Xuzhou to meet Teacher Su. Su Shi told him not to be discouraged and to continue to work hard. When Qin Guan was leaving, he wrote "BeiZi Zhan Bachelor", which contained the following sentence: "I do not want to be a thousand households, but I wish to know Su Xuzhou." It can be seen that Shaoyou is as straightforward as Li Bai in his bones. But when it comes to personality, it is far less than too white and dashing.
The following year, Qin Guan continued to follow in Su Shi's footsteps and followed the monks and friends on a sightseeing tour. Coming to Wuyue, Qin Guan lingered for the local singers, and finally found the birthplace of his emotions. Masterpieces also came into being.
The mountains wipe the clouds, the sky even fades with grass, and the sound of the painted horns breaks the door. Pause the levy and talk about the common leader. How many old things in Penglai, empty looking back, smoke and mist. Outside the slanting sun, jackdaws are ten thousand points, and the flowing water surrounds the isolated village.
Soul destroyer. At this time, the sachet is secretly dissolved, and the strip is lightly divided. He won the favor and Qinglou Bo survived. When will I see you here? On the sleeves, there are empty cry marks. At the place of injury, the high city was broken, and the lights were already dusk.
"Man Ting Fang, Mountain SmearIng Clouds"
Qin Guan loved to write "Man Ting Fang", and there were many masterpieces of the same word. This song is just right for writing a sad parting. As soon as the opening "Mountain Smear Micro Cloud" came out, Qin Guan gained the elegant title of "Mountain Smear Micro Cloud Jun". So that later, when his son-in-law Fan Yuanshi was questioned, he only needed to show that he was the son-in-law of "Mountain SmearIng Weiyun" and immediately won respect. It can only be said that the words of the old man have been deeply loved by the world.
"At the point of injury, the high city is broken, and the lights are already dusk." Of course, this can be traced back to Yan Shu's "going up to the tall building alone and looking at the end of the world". It's just that "the lights are dusk", which gives people a feeling of "Jackdaw Club Drum". Once Qin Shaoyou's emotional source is opened, it will infinitely produce unique works.
Follow the feelings
Through Teacher Su, Qin Guan intersected with Huang Tingjian, Chen Shidao and others. Less addicted to play, abandoned his studies, calligraphy is not good, Huang Tingjian copied his articles and gave them to the monks of Qiantang Temple to carve. Qin Guan said, "When it comes to writing poetry, I am indeed inferior to Lu Zhi!" "Huang Tingjian's poems are the best of the four Sumen scholars. Speaking of Chen Shidao, he has always adhered to poverty, and when the two of them met, they talked about the art of war and admired it very much.
In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, the thirty-seven-year-old Qin Guan finally won the Jinshi. The whole family looked at him with astonishment. And his wife, at this moment, finally felt that she had survived to the end. Every day, he rode a donkey around the capital city, staying in the Dance Pavilion Zhangtai to find the footprints of Liu Qi. "Wherever there is well water, you can sing willow words", Liu Yong's popularity is really extraordinary! Qin Visualized, when will I be like him.
The following year, Qin Guan went to Caizhou to become a professor of official studies, which was considered to have officially entered the career path. In Caizhou, Qin Guan met a prostitute named Lou Wan, who was similar to the young Xue Tao, Nian Nu and others. Qin Guan, because his wife was not around, also had no scruples, and saw the woman appear at the banquet of Taishou, so he often ran to rub rice, intending to spy on the beauty. As a generation of love song princes, the way to chase girls, writing lyrics is of course essential.
The small building is even far across the sky, peeping under the embroidered hub carving saddle. The curtain is half rolled, the first attempt of a single dress, the time of Qingming. Break the warmth and breeze, make it sunny and rainy, and want nothing. The sound of selling flowers is too much, the oblique is the courtyard, the red array, the flying duck.
After Yu Pei Ding's farewell, it was difficult to have a good time and a jagged time. The name reins lock, the heavens still know, and the heavens are also thin. Flowers under the heavy door, willow edge deep alley, can not look back. Read amorous, but there was Haoyue at that time, to people still.
"Water Dragon Yin , Gift lou wan"
The whole song is written after the separation. The woman stood upstairs, looking and looking, and during the Qingming Season, it was even more soul-destroying. I want to buy flower arrangements, but I don't have the "slave noodles are not as good as flower noodles?" Zhao Mingcheng was gone.
The next film writes that he is bound by fame and fortune, and can only live up to love, and if God knows, he will also be emaciated because of this. This is the same as Li He's "if the heavens have love and the heavens are old", which is the same as the magic of the same work. However, after Cheng Yi read this sentence, he scolded: "The sky is high above, how can it be blasphemed?" This old man even taught the emperor a lesson, not to mention a junior like Qin Guan who was obsessed with love.
Qin Guan's words, unlike Liu Yong's, were many times higher than Zhou Bangyan's. But you absolutely can't imagine that this is actually written by a big man with a straight beard and a gun, the so-called tender hero bone, nothing more than this.
The sad man has his own arms
Qin Guan is also known as the "Sad Man of the Ancients", which was formed overnight.
After teaching in the local area, it was not until the fifth year of Yuan You that he was transferred back to the capital as a doctor of Taixue. This was a sacred profession that Han Yu had done. Soon after, he went to the secretary province to proofread the books. But the next year, he was impeached for party strife. Since the teacher Su Shi was highly valued by Empress Gao, Qin Guan had nothing to do. When Empress Gao died, Su Shi and his students were unlucky one by one.
Mr. Dongpo took Chaoyun to Lingnan. Qin Guan, who had previously met a woman named Bian Chaohua, had a particularly deep affection between the two. Qin Guan was demoted to Hangzhou, and before he arrived, he was demoted to the prefecture and did the work of supervising the liquor tax. He didn't want Chaohua to suffer with him, so he proposed to break up. At the time of parting, he wrote "Sending Chaohua":
The night fog was thick and sad, and the jade man waved his hand to break his intestines.
There is no need to cry again in front of the lamp, and the hundred years old should finally be separated.
I thought about the difference between the two wide and the joy of each life, but after more than twenty days, this infatuated woman returned. She cried and swore to Qin Guan that she would never marry anyone else in this life, but only asked to follow him to the north of the South China Sea. At this time, Shaoyou probably experienced the taste of Bai Juyi sending Fan Su.
Qin Guan's life got worse and worse, and even the house was taken back. In desperation, he could only "Send Chaohua Again":
The jade man went but came again, and this degree of sharing was even more difficult to return.
The intestines are broken off from the turtle mountain, and the sunset lonely tower is from Cui Wei.
She was finally driven away by herself. No matter how bad his life was, as long as he wasn't seen by her, it didn't matter. Qin Guan did not want his beloved to suffer with him, this was great love. The following year, he composed "A Thousand Autumn Years":
Outside the sand at the water's edge. Chengguo spring cold retreat. The flowers are chaotic, and the warblers are broken. Drifting wine cups, parting wide belts. People are gone, and the clouds are twilight opposite each other.
Reminiscences of the West Pool Society. Partridges with flying covers. Hand in hand, who is here today. The sun side clears the dream, and zhu Yan changes in the mirror. Spring is also gone, flying red ten thousand points of sorrow like the sea.
The characteristic of Qin Guan love words is to drive everything with true feelings, and at the same time, the description of the scenery is natural as in the present. Even if it is used as a code, it is fresh and unconventional, without trace. "Spring goes, flying red ten thousand points of sorrow like the sea", Lao Du also said: "A piece of flowers flying away but spring, the wind drifting ten thousand points is worrying people!" ”
Although this sentence is not as good as his "free flying flowers are light as dreams, and the boundless silk rain is as fine as sorrow". But it is the pain that can only be said bluntly. Qin Guan expressed his pain directly this time, and his friends were worried about him when they read it.
Chenjiang is fortunate to circle around Chenshan Mountain
Often dealing with monks, Shaoyou also has the same heart for Buddhist culture as his teacher Su Shi. He revered the Buddhist cycle of cause and effect and copied scriptures to gain inner peace. However, this move was once again convicted, and he was stripped of his official position and demoted to Chenzhou. Chenzhou is located in the southeast of present-day Hunan, is the diversion belt of two major water systems, and now has convenient transportation and scenic spots. However, in that era, there was a saying that "horses died in Chenzhou".
Qin Guan went to Chenzhou, and the horses were exhausted and killed a few horses, which I don't know. But not a single official along the way was willing to receive him. Even the small official who escorted him did not have a good temperament, but only urged him to keep moving, so that he could quickly return to his life.
Perhaps just when the hostel stopped, Qin Shaoyou wrote another super work lamenting life.
Fog lost the platform, the moon lost Tsutsu ferry. Taoyuan is nowhere to be found. The isolated house is closed in the cold of spring, and the sound of cuckoos is obliquely sunlit.
Send plum blossoms, fish pass ruler. Masonry into this hate has no weight. Chenjiang was fortunate to go around Chenshan Mountain, for whom Xiao Xiang went.
《Tasha Xing Chenzhou Hostel》
The title has been pointed out that it was written on Chenzhou Road, and Qin Guan was in the middle of it at this time, but his mood was completely different from that of his teacher Su Dongpo. Dongpo was already accustomed to this kind of life, and Qin Guan, throughout his life, could not learn the mastery of the teacher.
"The fog has lost the platform, the moon is lost", at this moment, he still yearns for Tao Yuanming's peach blossom source, which was previously blocked by fame and fortune, and now it is "fate oppresses people's heads". And the orphanage, Chun Han, is not writing about si women, but the author himself. From his own point of view, Qin Guan misses his friends, relatives, and confidants.
"Plum blossoms" and "rulers", such common emotional carriers, used to feel ordinary, but now they seem extremely precious. Because there are really very few people who can write to you to Lingnan. In the last sentence, the "Chenjiang River" goes around the "Chenshan Mountain" and flows eastward, which is the same as Li Bai's "Still pity the water of the hometown, send off the boat for thousands of miles". Although Chenzhou was not Qin Guan's hometown, he was about to be relegated to Hengzhou again, and it was this River Chunshui that pinned deep feelings of pity on him. At this time, Qin Guan's heart had become one with nature.
In Hengzhou, living a life of "sleeping at night and wearing clothes and drooling", Qin Guan was soon released into Leizhou. This is where Su Ru has been. It was not until the second year of Yuan Fu (1099), the amnesty of the world, that Qin Guan began to move to the interior little by little. The following year, after meeting Su Dongpo in Leizhou, he and Tao Yuanming's "Return to Xi Ci" embarked on the road home.
One day in August, Qin Guan came to The Guanghua Pavilion in Tengzhou and took a drink and a nap here. The "History of Song" records that when Shaoyu was thirsty after drinking, the servant sent a bowl of cold water, and when the water arrived, he smiled and looked at it. ShaoYu died strangely, but also as he wrote a few years ago: Feiyun turned dragon and snake in front of his face, and turned to empty blue. Drunk lying in the shade of the ancient vine, I don't know the north and south.
After hearing about this, a female fan was like a thunderbolt in the clear sky, rushing from Changsha to the funeral, and after seeing the coffin for three weeks, she died of exhaustion. This incident was recorded by Hong Mai, and everyone believed it to be true. The following year, Mr. Dongpo also died of illness. The two masters and apprentices were thousands of miles away from home, and they were all at peace with each other in all difficulties and dangers, and it was time for forgiveness, but they were tired and on the way back to the north, which was really regrettable.
Dongpo looked up at the sky and sighed: "Less travel is over, although there is no redemption for ten thousand people!" "Qin Guan's words have been infected and enduring in later generations, and I think this is also the favorite thing to see by the love song saint."
-Author-
Kong Yao. Pen name Daiko. Love life, love literature, love poetry. A pure and simple literary and artistic youth; a red fan who is difficult to extricate himself; an ethereal ancient poetry writer!