For people born in the 1960s and 1970s, the anti-Japanese film "Special High School in Action" must still be fresh in their minds. The story tells the story of Zhou Yi, a communist party member, and Xin Yuting, an undercover Japanese army who is also lurking in Bo'ai Hospital, and the story of the special high school of the Suzhou Gendarmerie in Japan.
At the end of the film, Ding Yan, as the secret police of the special high school, suddenly transforms into an underground worker planted by our party in the heart of the enemy, kills the fake underground party Japanese agent who lured Zhou Yi to expose, and escorts the small boat full of medicines to sail away. This scene gives the audience a pleasant feeling of ups and downs and endless memories.
(Special High Course in Espionage War)
So, what kind of institution is this special high school that often appears in anti-Japanese spy war film and television dramas? Could it really be so pervasively active in the frontline of the Sino-Japanese espionage war that year?
1. The political purpose of the special high school.
The full name of the Special High School is the Japan Special High Police Division, which was established as early as the end of the 19th century and is under the direct jurisdiction of the Japanese Ministry of the Interior and exists in the local Metropolitan Police Departments. It differs from the ordinary security or criminal police, and is somewhat similar to Hitler's Gestapo in Germany during World War II, exercising the functions of a higher-ranking political police and a secret investigation police.
At that time, there was a surge of democratic thought in Japan, and there was even a rice valley riot. In order to detect and combat opposition in The Japanese militarist government, it has set up a special high school.
It can be said that the reason why Japan's militaristic and aggressive ideology during World War II was able to achieve the fanatical support of the whole country was inseparable from the brutal suppression of the special high school. Progressive democrats were investigated, arrested, and secretly executed, the Japanese Communist Party and anti-war organizations were completely destroyed and destroyed, and the different voices of all strata of society were suppressed.
It can be seen that tegoko, as a political prisoner police department of the Japanese police system at that time, had great power in Japan. The famous spy Sorge sent by the Soviet Union to East Asia at that time fell into the hands of the special high school. Nakanishi Gong, a member of the Japanese Communist Party who worked for Pan Hannian's intelligence system, was also successfully entrapped by the Special High School.
(Network illustration)
2. Japan's special high school in puppet Manchukuo.
After the Russo-Japanese War, Japan seized the "Kanto Prefecture" in the Brigade Region, established the puppet state of Manchukuo, and established a colonial administrative and judicial system. The special high school also began to go abroad, imitating the Japanese mainland and establishing a special high school in the puppet Manchukuo Police Station. Its purpose, of course, is to monitor and suppress the anti-Japanese ideology and revolutionary activities of the Chinese people.
In order to ensure the stability of the colonial rule of puppet Manchukuo, Japan specially strengthened the local security system in Tohoku and formed a police force with 30,000 Japanese as the backbone and a total of 100,000 people.
The Police Department of each place shall set up a special service section under the direct command of the Special High School of the Police Department. Its status and power are much higher than those of ordinary police, and they are mainly responsible for the secret investigation and arrest of local political prisoners.
Third, there are no special high schools in the occupied areas of China.
However, in the occupied areas of China, there is no Japanese police agency. The Japanese Army Gendarmerie and secret service counter-espionage agencies, as the occupiers, are the enforcers of local judicial power. The Japanese Army will neither demand nor allow the Japanese police to come uninvited and fly around the territory they occupy.
In the spy war hit drama "The Pretender", Yoko Nakasa Nanda, who appeared as the head of the special high school, and Izumi Keiko Shosa, who was also the head of the special high school in "Agent Five", all wore Japanese military uniforms with military rank symbols. This is actually the wrong perception of historical common sense. It is precisely because of this erroneous perception that the special high schools of today's anti-Japanese dramas are flying all over the sky.
In addition to wearing local police uniforms on collective occasions, members of the historical Japan Special High School, as police officers, usually served as witnesses in order to detect and arrest secrets. There will be no such thing as in the anti-Japanese god drama, wearing military uniforms to act. The appearance of female special high school chiefs in spy dramas is even more outrageous. At that time, Japanese women were of low status, and there were no female officers in the army.
(Old photo of Kenji Toihara)
4. Kenji Toihara has nothing to do with the special high school.
Many sources have given the eldest seat of the special high school to Kenji Toihara.
In fact, Kenji Doihara was the chief of the Japanese Army's secret service and the head of the secret service, mainly in the occupied areas of Chinese territory, responsible for managing spy and intelligence organizations serving the war. The infamous Meilan Zhuju and other secret services are his masterpieces. But the special high school is not among his leaders.
5. The Joint Special High School is only an advisory body to the Japanese gendarmerie.
Since the military police within the army was not professional in reconnaissance, tracking, and policing skills, after the outbreak of Japan's all-out war of aggression against China in 1937, the Japanese army gendarmes applied to the Ministry of Internal Affairs to dispatch special high school professional police officers to serve as consultants and guides, and to form a "joint special high school" with the gendarmes to crack down on underground anti-Japanese activities and political struggles.
The "Joint Special High School" is under the jurisdiction of the local gendarmerie command, and its members work only as local police officers in a seconded capacity. Once the reconnaissance work is completed, the arrest, interrogation, and disposal are all done by the gendarmerie, who are the police in the army after all.
To sum up, as a special high school drama, the back pot man who is synonymous with secret agents did not actually appear on the Chinese battlefield. As the real opponent of China's anti-Japanese children's espionage war, it was actually the secret service of Kenji Doihara of the Japanese Army and the Japanese military police in various garrisons.
(Reference: Kenji Doihara: Four Legends of Class A War Criminals)