To ask what temples are the most in China, the Guangong Temple should be among the best.
The ancestral temples dedicated to Guan Yu are all over the land of Shenzhou, and almost every local chronicle has records of "Guan Di Temple" and "Guangong Temple", which is called "there are Literary Temples in counties and villages, and there are Wu Temples in villages and villages".
In people's minds, Guan Yu is a combination of "Zhi Zhong", "Zhi Yi", "Zhi Xin" and "Zhi Yong" in one, perfect.
However, "Jin has no feet, no one is perfect", and "Second Master Guan" is no exception.
Our great leader once commented on Guan Yu: He did not understand the united front.
Guan Yu's perfect image in people's minds is related to two factors.
First of all, successive emperors have great respect for Guan Yu, and during the Qing Yongzheng period, he was even more honored as "Martial Saint", and his status was comparable to that of "Wen Sheng" Confucius.
Secondly, the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" also played a role in fueling the waves.
In the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Guan Yu is ranked first among the "Five Tiger Generals", the hero of the world, and the righteous thin cloud sky.
Even after he was killed, Guan Yu enjoyed extremely high treatment, and the three kingdoms of Shu, Wu, and Wei all held funerals for him.
In addition, when the author narrates from the perspective of narration, he usually refers to Guan Yu as "YunChang" or "Guan Gong", and rarely calls him by his first name.
In the entire Romance of the Three Kingdoms, only Guan Yu, Liu Bei, and Zhuge Liang have this courtesy.
Mao Zonggang called Guan Yu the "righteous absolute" of the three absolutes in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Taoists regard Guan Yu as "Guan Sheng Emperor Jun", which is often referred to as "Guan Emperor", and is one of the four protectors of Taoism.
To be fair, Guan Yu is indeed a hero.
Wenjiu chopped Huaxiong, three British battle Lü Bu, flooded the Seventh Army, scraped bones to cure poison, cut off Yan Liang, Xue Wen ugly, thousands of miles to ride alone, through five levels and six generals, each story is wonderful.
However, Guan Gong also had a time when he "lost Maicheng".
The chairman saw Guan Yu's "careless loss of Jingzhou" and "defeat of Maicheng" very thoroughly, and he commented that Liu Bei's letting Guan Yu guard Jingzhou was itself wrong.
What's wrong?
Whether it is personality, temperament, or the overall situation, Guan Yu is not worthy of this big responsibility.
When Liu Bei was named the "Five Tiger Generals", Guan Yu was the head of the "Five Tigers", and Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun naturally refused to give in, but Guan Yu could not look down on Ma Chao and Huang Zhong.
He despised Ma Chao as a "descending general" and was also very disdainful of Ma Chao's martial arts;
He disobeyed the "old jailer" Huang Zhong: "What kind of person is Huang Zhong, who dares to be with me?" Threatened, "The big husband will not be with the old man in the end!" ”
What is fatal is that Guan Yu is also arrogant and narrow-minded in such a major matter as "the alliance between Wu and Shu".
Sun Quan wanted his son to marry Guan Yu's daughter, so he sent Zhuge Jin to Shu Han to propose to him.
Sun Quan's intention was very obvious, Wu and Shu married, and qin and Jin were good, which was completely in line with the overall situation of Wu and Shu joining forces against Cao.
However, Guan Yu threw out a sentence "Tiger girl Anken marries a dog!" If it weren't for Zhuge Liang's face, Guan Yu would have almost cut off Zhuge Jin's head.
It is reasonable to say that "rejecting Cao Cao in the north and Sun Wu in the east" was the established policy of the Shu Han, and Guan Yu could not have been unaware.
However, Guan Yu looked down on Eastern Wu in his heart, and naturally could not seriously practice the strategic principle of "uniting with Wu to resist Cao" in a serious manner.
Guan Yu thus annoyed Sun Quan, and the alliance between Wu and Shu was difficult to maintain.
Later, Eastern Wu secretly attacked Jingzhou, and Guan Yu defeated Maicheng, eventually losing his head in a different place.
Guan Yu is so disregarding the overall situation, how can the Sun and Liu alliance be maintained? How can Jingzhou not be lost?
Guan Yu lost Jingzhou, and why is it more than "careless"?
After the Anhui Incident, the chairman once again talked about Guan Yu.
He said: Although Guan Yu passed five levels and slashed six generals, threatening Huaxia, he was arrogant and arrogant.
The Chairman's words are very meaningful and intriguing...
Regarding the sun and liu alliance, the chairman said: The reason why the Qing Dynasty was able to rule China for more than 260 years was because it formulated a correct policy at the beginning - "united front"
The chairman commented on Guan Yunchang: This person generally does not understand the united front, and he is actually not very clever in dealing with allies in engaging in closed-door doctrine.
Still, Guan Yu was one of the Three Kingdoms figures that Mao was very concerned about.
However, at different stages of life, the chairman's evaluation of Guan Yu also has subtle differences.
In the summer of 1917, the chairman, who was young, copied in his diary a link praising Guan Yu:
Liu is a brother and Zhang is a brother, the brothers are divided into kings and subjects, and the different surnames form relatives and flesh;
Wu's hatred of Wei, the hatred of loyalty and righteousness, single-handedly han jiangshan.
It can be seen that during that period, Guan Yu's image in the chairman's mind was still very tall.
With the increasing experience, the chairman's understanding and evaluation of Guan Yu has gradually become comprehensive and profound.
In November 1927, when the Autumn Harvest Uprising troops were marching to Jinggangshan, a battalion commander named Zhang Ziqing suddenly disappeared.
Some people suspect that Zhang Ziqing may have defected to the enemy.
The chairman shook his head and said: No, Guan Yunchang also lost contact with Liu Bei and temporarily took refuge in Cao Cao.
In order to take guan Yunchang, Cao Cao used enough thoughts.
However, once Liu Bei's whereabouts were obtained, Guan Yunchang resolutely decided to leave Cao Cao, pass five levels and behead six generals, return to Liu Bei's side, and leave behind a thousand beautiful talks.
The chairman said: Zhang Ziqing is a cadre of our party, are the communists still inferior to Guan Yunchang of the Three Kingdoms?
Sure enough, within a month's effort, the chairman's remarks were verified.
In a battle in which the enemy was outnumbered, the Red Army, although fighting hard, could hardly get rid of the enemy's encirclement.
At the moment of crisis, Zhang Ziqing suddenly led his troops to the battlefield, defeated the enemy in one fell swoop, rescued the besieged Red Army, and also returned to the organization.
Through this incident, we can see that the chairman has a favorable attitude toward Guan Yu's "loyalty and righteousness," and there are similarities between Guan Yu's "loyalty and righteousness" to Liu Bei and the loyalty of Communists to the organization.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the chairman often used Guan Yu's "walking in Maicheng" as an example to remind senior cadres to be modest and cautious, and not to be proud and complacent.
All in all, for the Chairman, Romance of the Three Kingdoms is not just a storybook for entertainment, nor is it a tool to use.
However, the people and things in the book can serve as a mirror.
"With copper as a mirror, you can wear a crown; with the ancient as a mirror, you can know the rise and fall; with people as a mirror, you can see the gains and losses."