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Ma Benzhai, a native of Xianxian County, Hebei Province, commander of the Third Military Subdistrict of the Jiluyu Military Region and commander of the Huimin Detachment. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Huimin detachment led by Ma Benzhai, with Hui Han youth as the main force, fought more than 870 battles, large and small, and was praised by the Eighth Route Army and the Jizhong Military Region as "an iron army that is invincible, indestructible, invincible, invincible, and dragged on", and even more praised by Mao Zedong as "the Huimin detachment that won every battle and win every battle".
△ Portrait of the martyr Ma Benzai on display in the memorial hall. Hebei Daily reporter Zhang Hao photographed
Ma Benzhai was born on January 1, 1903 in Dongxinzhuang, Xianxian County, Hebei Province, to a Hui peasant family. When he was 13 years old, his hometown suffered a severe drought, so he had to go to Zhangjiakou alone to find his father, help his father to herd horses on the dam, and suffered and humiliation.
Once, he was severely beaten by the horse police, and after recovering from his injuries, he ran to the northeast alone. After wandering in the northeast for two years, he was captured by Zhang Zuolin's subordinates and became a zhuangding, and along the way, he was promoted to regimental commander by virtue of his extraordinary courage and battle achievements.
After the September 18 Incident in 1931, the Japanese army occupied all of northeast China. He was dissatisfied with the Kuomintang Chiang Kai-shek government's reactionary policy of "foreign countries must first be at home," and indignantly abandoned his official posts and returned to his hometown.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the flames of war soon reached Ma Benzhai's hometown of Dongxinzhuang. In the face of the Japanese invasion, he stepped forward and organized more than 70 Hui youths in his village to play the banner of "Hui people's anti-Japanese volunteer team".
△ Backpacks, sticks, bricks, and seals used by Ma Benzai. Photo by Wei Ruxiang
In March 1938, he led a team to Hejian to join the Communist-led Hebei Guerrilla Army and was organized as a Huimin teaching team. Soon, together with another Hui people's anti-Japanese armed force, it was merged into the Eighth Route Army's Jizhong Huimin Teaching Corps, and Ma Benzhai successively served as the captain and chief of the team. In October of the same year, he was sworn in to join the Communist Party of China.
In July 1939, Ma Benzhai was appointed commander of the Huimin Detachment of the Central Military Region of the Eighth Route Army. Under his leadership, the combat effectiveness of the reorganized Huimin detachment was continuously improved, the team quickly developed to more than 2,000 people, and the soldiers had high morale and courage to dedicate themselves, becoming an elite unit that could recruit good battles in the early field warfare in Jizhong.
△ The shell gun used by Ma Benzai. Hebei Daily reporter Zhang Hao photographed
△ The large knife used by Ma Benzai. Hebei Daily reporter Zhang Hao photographed
Ma Benzhai, who embarked on the road of resisting the war and saving the dead, gave full play to his outstanding military command ability and led the Huimin detachment to gallop to Jiluyu, fighting more than 870 times in seven years and annihilating more than 36,000 Japanese puppet troops. Among them, the Kangzhuang ambush battle adopted the tactic of "leading the snake out of the hole to encircle the point to help", completely annihilated the enemy, and did not suffer any casualties himself, which was included in the teaching cases of the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University at that time.
The Huimin detachment led by Ma Benzai dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army, and the enemy hated Ma Benzhai to the bone. In order to force him to surrender, the Japanese army bloodied Dongxinzhuang and captured his mother, Bai Wenguan. The Japanese army threatened and seduced Ma Mu and asked her to write a letter to persuade her son to defect, but Ma Mu was unyielding, scolding the traitorous pseudo-county magistrate who persuaded her to surrender, and fought in the form of hunger strike, and finally died heroically after 7 days of hunger strike.
△ The cart that Ma Benzhai's mother, Bai Wenguan, was arrested in 1941. Du Boat Photo
△ Hebei Museum's "Anti-Japanese Beacon Exhibition" about Bai Wenguan and Ma Benzhai's text, pictures and physical displays. Du Boat Photo
Persuasion failed, and the enemy tried to use rumors to disintegrate the Huimin detachment and create contradictions between the Hui and Han. In this regard, Ma Benzai constantly gave ideological and political lessons to the soldiers. Under his education, not only did there not be contradictions between the Hui and Han comrades in the army, but the friendship became deeper, and the cohesion and combat effectiveness were unprecedentedly high.
In the long and arduous combat life, Ma Benzai became ill with overwork, coupled with the lack of medical treatment and medicine, and failed to treat it in time, and his condition deteriorated rapidly. On February 7, 1944, Ma Benzhai died in the rear hospital of the Jiluyu Military Region at the age of 42.
On March 17, 1944, all walks of life in Yan'an solemnly held a memorial meeting for Ma Benzhai. Mao Zedong inscribed an elegy: "Comrade Ma Benzhai is not dead!" Zhou Enlai inscribed an elegy: "National hero, soldier of our party!" ”
△ Ma Benzai Memorial Hall. Hebei Daily reporter Zhang Hao photographed
Ma Ben Zhai Memorial Hall
Ma Benzhai Memorial Hall is located in the north of Benzhai Village, Benzhai Township, Xianxian County, Cangzhou City, and is divided into two courtyards: south and north. The south courtyard is the Ma Benzhai Mother and Child Martyrs Cemetery, and the north courtyard is the main hall of the Ma Benzhai Memorial Hall. The exhibition hall of the main hall is circuitous, divided into eleven parts, using pictures, objects, sand tables, texts and other forms, reproducing the life of the martyr Ma Benzhai who worried about the country and the people and fought heroically.