Author: Mast
As mentioned above, during the period in Shandong, the Shandong sub-bureau headed by Zhu Rui and the 115th Division headed by Luo Ronghuan had a great contradiction, and the core of this was the issue of unified leadership in the Shandong base area. It took 4 years before Yan'an was finally resolved. This article talks about three questions: why there was such a big contradiction between Zhu Rui and Luo Ronghuan, Yan'an and what lessons the parties learned from it, and whether the contradictions during this period had an impact on Zhu Luo's later cooperation.
(1) Zhu Rui was promoted quickly during the Red Army period
Zhu Rui was born in Suqian, Jiangsu Province, a scholarly mendi, from an early age with a good education, successively completed secondary school in Xuzhou and Nanjing, and was admitted to Guangdong University (now Sun Yat-sen University) in 1924. In 1925, he went to the Soviet Union to study, first entered the Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, and then entered the Klasin Artillery School, and since then he has formed an indissoluble relationship with the artillery, and finally sacrificed himself in the post of commander of the East Artillery.
Zhu Rui returned to China in 1930. At that time, the Liusu faction was in power, and those who had experience in staying in the Soviet Union were more heavily used, and Zhu Rui's position rose rapidly. Because of this, he twice became Luo Ronghuan's direct superior.
One was during the Red Army period. Zhu Rui entered the Soviet Union in 1932, first working in the headquarters of the Red Army, then directly serving as the political commissar of the army, and in 1934, he served as the director of the political department of the Red 1 Army, where Lin Biao was the commander of the army. During the Long March, Luo Ronghuan served as the deputy director of the Political Department of the Red 1 Army and became a direct subordinate of Zhu Rui. In 1935, after the Red First and Fourth Fronts joined the division, Zhu Rui served as the director of the Political Department of the Red Army. This position is not only higher than Luo Ronghuan, but also higher than Lin Biao. After the three main Red Army divisions met in 1936, Zhu Rui served as the director of the political department of the Red Second Front.
One was during the War of Resistance Against Japan. Zhu Rui entered Shandong in 1938 and successively served as the political commissar of the 1st Column (i.e., the Shandong Column) of the Eighth Route Army, the secretary of the Shandong Military and Political Committee, and the secretary of the Shandong Branch. After Luo Ronghuan led the 115th Division into Shandong, he was the secretary of the Military and Political Committee and a member of the sub-bureau, strictly speaking, under the leadership of Zhu Rui. It was also during this period that the two had major conflicts in their work.
(2) The root cause of contradictions is the difference in ideas
Many people know that Luo Ronghuan is a person with a strong sense of the overall situation. In fact, Zhu Rui is also a person with a very big picture view. How can two people like this have such a serious contradiction at work?
Objectively evaluated, the Liusu faction is generally educated, has a broad field of vision, and has a high theoretical level; the deficiency is that it lacks grassroots experience, especially the experience of mobilizing the masses and creating base areas, and it is easy to idealize in work and easily violate dogma. These advantages and disadvantages exist in Zhu Rui as well.
Luo Ronghuan, on the other hand, was a native cadre who participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising on Jinggangshan, also had a high level of culture, had a high theoretical level, and more importantly, had rich experience at the grass-roots level, and was a cadre who had grown up from the creation of base areas and mass movements.
The difference in concept between the above two kinds of experience cadres is enormous. Due to the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, after the Zunyi Conference, the Liusu faction began to decline, but many people still worked in important posts. In the stage of strategic stalemate in the War of Resistance Against Japan, the building of base areas has become the most important task of our army. At this time, the difference in the concepts of the two experienced cadres represented by Zhu Rui and Luo Ronghuan appeared again and collided.
On the one hand, Zhu Rui, as the "number one", is not familiar with, does not understand, and does not quite understand the creation of base areas, especially lacks personal experience of the difficulties of the creation of base areas, the work cannot sink, it is easy to idealize, and it is of high standards, strict requirements, and impatience. According to the chairman, it is "Zhu's fault is floating." Therefore, Zhu Rui naturally did not like some problems that arose in the process of creating a base area for Luo Ronghuan and the 115th Division.
On the one hand, with Luo Ronghuan as the representative of the local military cadres, they were deeply impressed by the blind command of the Remaining Soviet faction that caused huge losses to the Red Army in the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, and they will certainly resist some unrealistic commands. This is the root cause of the contradiction between Zhu and Luo. Some see their contradictions as power struggles, but this is not the case.
(3) Both Yan'an and the parties have learned lessons
The issue of unified leadership in the Shandong base area took Yan'an 4 years to finally solve. Although there is a complicated historical background and it is very difficult to solve it because it was during the war years, the Japanese army frequently carried out large-scale sweeps of the base areas, and the issue of unified leadership was delayed for a long time, resulting in unsmooth command of the troops, and eventually caused great losses.
It should be said that Yan'an has learned a lesson on this issue. A typical example is a similar situation that emerged in the early days of marching into the northeast: Under the situation in which the enemy was strong and we were weak, on the issue of policy, cadres headed by Lin Biao who had experience in creating base areas strongly advocated entering the vast number of small, medium,sized cities and villages and creating consolidated base areas in the northeast to accumulate strength; at that time, the Northeast Bureau was always reluctant to leave the big cities. At that time, in the northeast, the two ideas were also fiercely clashed, and there was chaos in the northeast.
This time, Yan'an did not procrastinate for a long time, after the Siping Defense War, on June 16, 1946, Yan'an made up its mind and broke the norm, quickly adjusted the team of the Northeast Bureau, and Lin Biao became the "number one" in the northeast. After that, the situation in the northeast quickly reversed.
At the same time, Zhu Rui himself has learned a lesson. After Japan's surrender, Yan'an originally planned to make Zhu Rui deputy commander-in-chief, but he insisted on going to the front. As the principal of the artillery school, after he led the teachers and students of the artillery school to the northeast, he did not "feel at ease" to run the artillery school, but while running the school, he "picked up the fall of the ocean," personally led people to walk through the villages and alleys, looked for artillery everywhere, and made every effort to form the East Field Artillery Corps; while carrying out the regularization of artillery construction, he personally visited the front line before the war and commanded. That is to say, after arriving in the northeast, he completely changed the problem of "floating" said by the chairman. It is precisely because Zhu Rui has completely sunk that the construction of artillery in the northeast has developed so rapidly.
Pan Caiqin, Zhu Rui, and Zhu Huaibei were in Harbin
In a high position, he was able to recognize and correct his "faults" and implement them in the practice of creating the Northeast Artillery Corps. For this alone, Zhu Rui deserves the admiration of his time and future generations. The old man of Shiye recalled that when he heard that "Principal Zhu" had died, many people in the artillery school and artillery unit cried.
In addition, after entering the northeast, the roles of Luo Ronghuan and Zhu Rui changed, and Luo Ronghuan became a superior, never heard of any contradictions and conflicts between the two.
(4) Zhu Rui made outstanding contributions to the building of the people's artillery
On August 21, 1948, on the eve of the Liaoshen Campaign, Dongye set up an artillery column, under the jurisdiction of 3 mule and horse field howitzer regiments, 2 motorized heavy artillery regiments, 2 motorized anti-aircraft artillery regiments, 1 heavy mortar regiment, a total of 275 artillery companies, 1 tank regiment, 1 engineer battalion. Among them, there are 1435 large-caliber artillery and 3083 small artillery, for a total of 4518. In the ensuing attack on Jinzhou and a series of other battles, the Dongye artillery exerted great power.
The day of his sacrifice happened to be October 1, a year later, the day he had fought for more than 20 years to find new China.
Upon learning of the bad news, Lin Luo Liu Tan immediately called the headquarters: "Comrade Zhu Rui worked very actively after he arrived in the northeast and played a major role in artillery construction. This unfortunate sacrifice is indeed a great and painful loss. In order to commemorate Comrade Zhu Rui, we propose to name the Northeast Artillery School as Zhu Rui Artillery School. ”
Upon learning of Zhu Rui's sacrifice, the headquarters specially sent a telegram of condolences to the General Manager: "Comrade Zhu Rui has made outstanding achievements in the artillery construction of the People's Liberation Army, and today's sacrifice is indeed a huge loss for the cause of liberation." Deep condolences are hereby expressed. It is hoped that the whole army will continue to struggle for the complete victory of the revolutionary war in order to commemorate Comrade Zhu Rui's immortality. ”
Please note: The headquarters said in a telegram that "Comrade Zhu Rui has made outstanding contributions in the artillery construction of the People's Liberation Army", not just the Northeast Field Army. This can also be seen that Lin Luo Liu Tan and the headquarters affirm and deplore Zhu Rui's meritorious service.
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