We know that in November of the fourteenth year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (755 AD), the Anshi Rebellion broke out, which displaced many people, including the poet Du Fu.
In May of the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756 AD), the poet Du Fu, in order to escape the chaos of war, took his family from Fengxian to Baishui. However, because Tongguan was soon lost, and Baishui was also difficult to escape, he placed his family in Langzhou. In June, Tang Xuanzong Li Longgen avoided the "Anshi Rebellion" and fled west of Beijing. In July, the new emperor Tang Suzong took the throne at Lingwu and changed his name to Zhide. In August, Du Fu defected from Langzhou to Lingwu alone, disregarding the safety of his family and intending to report to the country. Unexpectedly, however, he was captured by An Shi rebels and taken to Chang'an.
At this time, Du Fu lost his freedom in Chang'an, and at the same time witnessed the brutal situation of the rebels burning and looting, so he wrote a series of poems such as "Lamenting river head", "Spring Hope", "Sorrowful Qingsaka" and so on, expressing his inner anger. It was also during the Chang'an period that Du Fu thought about his wife and children who were far away in Juanzhou day and night, feeling lonely and in a very sad mood. So on a starry night in the moon, he wrote a song "Moon Night" to pin his own feelings.
"Moonlit Night"
[Tang Dynasty] Du Fu
Tonight in the month of The State of The Moon, I only look at it alone.
Pity the little children, and do not remember Chang'an.
The incense mist clouds are wet, and the qinghui jade arm is cold.
When to lean on the false pretense, double photo tear stains dry.
Du Fu's poems have always been known for their "depression and frustration". The feelings of worrying about the country and the people are stirring up in a low voice and touching the heart. However, this "Moonlit Night" is slightly different from other poems in style. In the midst of the chaos of the war, the deep love for his wife and children was very delicate, concrete, and imaginative. After reading this poem, we can't help but say that Du Fu is also a person with very rich feelings!
The first two sentences of "Tonight in the month of Yanzhou, only look at it alone in the boudoir" are words of imagination. Originally, Du Fu was thinking about his family in the face of Mingyue, but he wrote that his family was thinking about himself in the face of Mingyue, so he wrote his thoughts more deeply.
Boudoir, refers to his wife in Yanzhou, "only" and "alone" two words, extremely describe the loneliness of his wife, perhaps when they live together is often looking at the moon together, now, Du Fu thought, his wife can only be alone in watching the bright moon in that State, can she think that Du Fu is also looking at the bright moon of Chang'an? Can she think that Du Fu is missing her?" Thousands of miles together", their hearts, through the bright moonlight, are closely linked.
Jaw Lian "pities the children from afar, and does not remember Chang'an." Two sentences, suddenly from the wife to the little daughter, the meaning is particularly deep. If you can find a common language from your side, it is also a comfort, but although there are children around the wife, it is a pity that "the children are still small, although they are in Chang'an with their father, they are completely confused" ("Du Xuan"), so it is still equal to zero, which further confirms the word "alone" in the previous sentence. At the same time, naïve children do not remember Chang'an, and how can fathers in Chang'an not remember their children? It is precisely because the child is too young that it is more and more worrying. It is "raising children to know parental love".
Neck joint "incense mist clouds wet, Clear Hui jade arm cold. From love to love, it is also to imagine each other's behavior and psychological activities, all virtual, and the poet writes his wife like a beautiful woman, which shows that love has almost become somewhat obsessed. Wang Siyi believes that this association is "beautiful and sad", which is really pertinent. Most of Du Fu's poems are heavy sighs and pain, and writing about his wife is almost fragrant. Although it seems different in the subject matter and style of poetry, this is the indispensable part of the "omnipotent" of the great poet.
Tail link "when to lean on the false pretense, double photo tear stain dry." Although the imagination of the two sentences has been integrated into the poet himself, its spatial position is still placed on the side of the wife. The more the poet imagines his wife missing himself, the more he reflects the urgency of his longing for his wife and children. The scene of the wife is like a mirror, from which it reflects the image of the poet himself: he is in Chang'an City, independent atrium, looking at the distance, his body is like wood and his heart is boiling, he seems to be quiet and godlike, and his spirit has already flown to his wife's side. This is the magic of this strangely conceived mirror flower water moon.
Du Fu always said that he was ashamed of his wife all his life, "When the day is exhausted, fluttering and ashamed of his old wife." Although his wife suffered with him, she never abandoned him, and he never failed to live up to her company. Du Fu in our impression always has an image of worrying about the country and the people, and his heart is concerned about the world; but we don't know that he also has such an obsessive side, which is really rare!