Wen ◆ Liu Zhongcai
The Republic of China is a crazy era, the West is learning from the East, and the masters are emerging, which has not only created tens of millions of benevolent people who defend the country, but also cultivated a large number of cultural scholars who use pens as guns. In particular, those masters of traditional Chinese studies who were full of poetry and books were not only active in thinking but also advanced in thinking, eclectic in the concept of marriage and love, and the choice of mates required innovation, daring to break the worldly dust and evils, and becoming a thriving force at that time.
The Republic of China masters sentient beings
Cai Yuanpei, president of Peking University, is one of them. In 1900, Cai Yuanpei's original wife, Wang Zhao, died, and Cai Yuanpei was 32 years old. At the age of prosperity, many relatives and friends have persuaded Cai Yuanpei to marry a new person and start a new family. At first, Cai Yuanpei focused on his personal career and had no such intention, but the interest of the red bride who was a matchmaker for it was very high, and Cai Yuanpei could not be bothered, so he published a marriage notice in the "Zhejiang Times" and proposed five conditions for choosing a mate. One is that a woman must not tie her feet; the second is a literate person; the third is that a man does not marry a concubine; the fourth is that a woman can remarry after a man's death; and the fifth is that if a husband and wife are not compatible, they can be divorced.
President of Peking University Cai Yuanpei
In the Era of the Republic of China, when feudal thought was deeply rooted, these five criteria for choosing a mate could be described as a thunderbolt on a sunny day, and any one of them was far from the ideological concepts of the time. The matchmaker heard such a strange request for mate selection and was frightened to leave, and no one dared to match Cai Yuanpei after that. Although such a mate selection criterion is somewhat outrageous, Cai Yuanpei does not care.
Perhaps it was a good fate, a year later, Cai Yuanpei went to Shanghai to act as the principal of Chengzhen Academy, and was later hired by Nanyang College as the chief teacher of the economic special class. During this period, Cai Yuanpei visited a friend's home in Shanghai and accidentally saw a work brush painting hanging in the living room of a friend's house. Only when I asked did I know that the author of the painting was a Jiangxi woman named Huang Zhongyu. And her father was Huang Erxuan.
Huang Erxuan was a famous scholar in Jiangxi, who once served as an official in Wenzhou Province, Zhejiang Province, and was very fond of his daughter. Huang Zhongyu, who lived in an environment with a strong smell of books, was influenced by culture from an early age, could write poetry, could paint, and did not wrap his feet.
Huang Zhongyu's paintings left a deep impression on Cai Yuanpei, and also developed a good feeling for this talented woman who had never met before. The friend saw Cai Yuanpei's thoughts, so he acted as a matchmaker in the middle and matched the two together.
When Cai Yuanpei first saw Huang Zhongyu, he found that this woman had a pair of heavenly feet, not only literate and hyphenated, but also open-minded, proficient in calligraphy and painting, which was also in line with Cai Yuanpei's mate selection standards, coupled with the love of both sides, the two soon signed a marriage contract, thus achieving a beautiful marriage.
Cai Yuanpei and Huang Zhongyu
Zhang Taiyan, a contemporary of Cai Yuanpei, was also a radical Confucian of traditional Chinese studies, who was also maverick in his treatment of love, advocating freedom of love and opposing feudal arrangements. In 1903, the 34-year-old Zhang Taiyan lost his beloved wife, and some admirers actively brokered, trying to do a family affair for Zhang Taiyan. However, Zhang Taiyan was not cold, because they did not meet their own mate selection criteria.
In 1912, Zhang Taiyan published an advertisement for marriage in the "Shuntian Times" and proposed five marriage standards. One is that the woman is a hubei national; the second is that everyone must be beautiful and civilized; the third is to be literate and inky, and the poetry is endowed; the fourth is that men and women are equal and respect each other; fifth, the husband can be married or divorced when he dies.
Guoxue master Zhang Taiyan
These five criteria, in addition to the household registration of the master of traditional Chinese studies Zhang Taiyanqiu, the remaining four are also contrary to social customs. In the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the people' period, when feudal abuses were not lost, it became common for men to be inferior to women, and husbands and dead women should be widowed, but Zhang Taiyan resolutely resisted. In private, Zhang Taiyan said, "A man's wife should be eaten as a meal, and my wife should be used as a medicine." The two lakes are very good, anhui people, the most unsuitable for the northern women. ”
Zhang Taiyan has a special love for women in Hunan, Hubei, and he also has a good feeling for Anhui women, probably because Zhang Taiyan was born in Zhejiang and prefers water towns, and the women of the two lakes are born in the middle of the Yangtze River region, where the water and soil nourish people and nourish people, and Zhishu Dali is naturally better than the north.
Tang Guo Pear
But this marriage notice did not play a very good effect, not because the attention is not high, but to meet the requirements of almost nothing. Zhang Taiyan was not in a hurry either, and had always adhered to the high-spirit festival of Ning Que and no abuse.
Ten years later, through the introduction of Cai Yuanpei, Zhang Taiyan became acquainted with the talented and intelligent Tang Guoli, and finally achieved a beautiful marriage.
Tang Guoli is a shaoxing native, and although it does not meet Zhang Taiyan's mate selection criteria from the point of view of the place of household registration, it is not a big problem. Moreover, they were all born in Zhejiang, and they are half a fellow countrymen. Although Tang Guoli is not a bridesmaid, she knows how to read and write, can write poetry and painting, and has excellent talents, which makes Zhang Taiyan very admirable. At the time of marriage, Huang Yanpei was their witness, and Some high-ranking officials and nobles such as Sun Wen, Huang Xing, and Chen Qimei all attended their wedding.
Zhang Taiyan and Tang Guoli
If Cai Yuanpei and Zhang Taiyan's mate selection requirements are regarded as new ideas that lead the trend of the times, then Xu Dishan's concept of marriage can be described as novel and crazy, and even a little bold.
In 1920, Xu Dishan's original wife Lin Yuesen died of illness, because the two lived happily after marriage and had deep feelings, Xu Dishan was extremely sad about this, and he never found another new love.
In 1922, Xu Dishan went to Columbia University in the United States to study, along with a group of intellectual youths such as Bing xin, Liang Shiqiu, and Wu Wenzao. Xu Dishan has a more loyal personality and is also very manly, always and everywhere likes to solve problems for others. Later, he fell in love with Bingxin, although Bingxin also knew that Xu Dishan was very good, but she had already said something first in the criteria for choosing a mate, one was not to marry a soldier, the second was not to marry a literary and artistic fan, and the third was not to marry a widowed or divorced man. The third blocked Xu Dishan out of the door, and Xu Dishan did not openly confess to Bingxin.
In 1924, Xu Dishan went to Oxford University for further study, and in 1926, after returning to China, he taught at Yenching University, and by 1929, he met Zhou Qiansong, who graduated from Beijing Normal University.
Zhou Qiansong is a native of Xiangtan, Hunan Province, who studied at the First Female Division of Tianjin in his youth and was in the same class as Deng Yingchao. She has participated in the China Democratic League and is full of patriotic enthusiasm. Before marrying Xu Dishan, the Zhou family did not agree, because Xu Dishan was a widow, and Zhou Qiansong was born into a famous family, and his father was the late Qing dynasty poet Zhou Dalie.
But no one could stop the love coming, and finally the two cultivated the right results and entered the marriage hall.
After marriage, Xu Dishan made six love covenants for himself. First, couples endure each other in everything; second, when quarreling every day, before speaking loudly, each needs to leave for a while; third, each treats each other with sincerity; fourth, when the daily work is completed, the husband and wife should give each other physical and spiritual pleasure; fifth, when one party is unhappy, the other party should forget it; sixth, before going to bed, reflect on each other's undoings that day and what they will do tomorrow.
Xu Dishan's family
This view of marriage is not only open-minded, but also very novel. Several of these provisions are very friendly and conducive to marital happiness, such as mutual understanding and tolerance between husband and wife, calm and calm in case of trouble, and put themselves in each other's shoes. But the fourth one is a little too crazy. Every day not only to have spiritual enjoyment, but also to give physical comfort.
However, it is precisely this view of marriage that Xu Dishan and Zhou Qiansong live very happily, they kiss me and me every day, and strive to run their own families, until Xu Dishan dies of illness, they maintain a good husband and wife relationship. (Original works, reprinted is prohibited)