In August 1945, 1.5 million Soviet Red Army troops crossed the Sino-Soviet border and launched a general offensive against the Japanese Kwantung Army in the northeast. Liu Yalou, then a Soviet major, returned to China and took part in the war.
Because the internal rules of the Soviet soldiers were not strict, this also led to many soldiers doing many bad things in the northeast. After Liu Yalou learned of this, he and Han Guang urgently went to the Soviet headquarters to negotiate.
As a result, on the way, Liu Yalou's car was stopped by Soviet soldiers. They pointed a gun at Liu Yalou and asked him to hand over his money.
Liu Yalou was furious, and he jumped out of the car and shouted in fluent Russian: "You are committing a crime!" What part of you are you, and what are your names?"
Liu Yalou
Several Soviet soldiers heard him speak Russian and panicked, not knowing what to do. One of them pointed a gun at Liu Yalou and said loudly, "Chinese, you are not qualified to take care of us." ”
Liu Yalou snorted coldly, took out his officer card, and said, "I am a major in the Soviet army headquarters, and I am looking for General Zhimanov." ”
When several soldiers saw Liu Yalou's officer's ID card, they were frightened and begged for forgiveness, and Liu Yalou warned them: "If you do this again in the future, I will wait for you at the Military Justice Department. ”
Subsequently, Liu Yalou went to the headquarters to report this phenomenon, and the Soviet command immediately ordered that the soldiers be reorganized.
I thought that such a thing would not happen again, but not long after, a major event broke out, directly alarming the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Stalin.
It was the evening of November 16, 1945, when a gunshot suddenly rang out from the downhill of Lao Ba Duo (now the Harbin Tobacco Factory), alarming the people around him. When people ran to check on the situation, they found a corpse lying on the ground.
The body was not in military uniform, and people just thought it was a simple murder. However, when the person who walked with the deceased revealed the identity of the person, the crowd knew that something was wrong!
The deceased lying on the ground was Lu Dongsheng, a major of the Soviet Red Army, commander of the Harbin garrison, and commander of the Songjiang Military Region.
After the guards' descriptions, it was learned that it was two Soviet soldiers who fired the shots, because they wanted to make a windfall, so they took advantage of the night to rob Lu Dongsheng and the guards of their luggage and pistols.
And when Lu Dongsheng turned around, he shot at him, causing Lu Dongsheng to be shot in the temple and killed on the spot. The guards fell down in time and rolled down the slope to escape the disaster.
Lu Dongsheng
After the incident, Chen Yun, the leader of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC, and others were deeply saddened. Liu Da pounded his chest even more, and murmured in his mouth: "Blame me, if I insisted on going back to get my luggage, such a thing would not have happened." ”
That night, the main leaders of the Northeast Bureau arrived in Harbin one after another and held a meeting at No. 178 Dongdazhi Street. After the meeting, someone suggested that Chen Yun's luggage was nearby and needed someone to pick it up. Liu Da, who was Chen Yun's secretary at the time, was about to leave when Lu Dongsheng pressed his shoulder and signaled him to go and get it.
After all, at this time, the northeast was still occupied by the former Soviet Red Army, and Lu Dongsheng, who knew Russian, could reduce some trouble. But Liu Da insisted on taking it, and just when the two were arguing, someone proposed: "Comrade Dongsheng still goes, I have a pistol here, you can take it!" ”
Liu Da saw that Lu Dongsheng insisted on going, plus someone opened his mouth, so he did not insist on it anymore. In this way, Lu Dongsheng and one of Chen Yun's guards left together. Unfortunately, on the way back, the two encountered two outlaws of the Soviet army. They not only forcibly snatched their luggage and pistols, but also shot at Lu Dongsheng.
Liu Da
Originally, it was just a simple thing to go to get a trip to luggage, but Lu Dongsheng was accidentally killed, which made Liu Da feel full of guilt. When the news of Lu Dongsheng's murder reached the central authorities, many leaders sighed and were filled with grief.
He Long, who received the news, said sadly: "When the party and the people needed him to do more work, he unfortunately passed away. This is a major loss for the party and the people, and as a comrade-in-arms of Lu Dongsheng who shares weal and woe, I am deeply aware of the heaviness of this loss. ”
In many materials, there is no record of what kind of scene General Chen Geng had when he received the news of Lu Dong's life and death, and what he said. But there is no doubt that he must be the one who is most grieving. Because General Chen Geng lost not only a comrade-in-arms, but also a family member and brother.
Chen Geng
Chen Geng and Lu Dongsheng grew up together since childhood, the brothers and brothers were brothers and sisters, intimate, so that Chen Geng had to take him wherever he went, and after the two joined the army, they were born and died together, saving each other's lives several times.
When Lu Dongsheng was young, his family was too poor to eat, so he had to go to Chen Geng's house (the Chen family is everyone in Hunan) as a shepherd boy, herding cattle for Chen Geng's family and playing with Chen Geng. Chen Geng never regarded Xiao Dongsheng as a servant, and the two had a very good relationship, often going up the mountain to hunt birds and go down the river to touch fish.
Such a day did not last long, in 1916, Chen Geng resolutely joined the army with a lot of enthusiasm and chose to serve the country with his own body. At that time, Chen Geng was 14 years old, Lu Dongsheng was only 9 years old, Chen Geng could not take the young Lu Dongsheng to the battlefield together, and the two brothers could only be temporarily separated.
After Chen Geng left, Lu Dongsheng chose to leave the Chen family and went to a factory in Xiangtan to do apprenticeships. Unlike the Chen family's benevolence and tolerance, the factories here do not treat these laborers from poor families as human beings in addition to endless oppression.
Eight years of miserable life made Lu Dongsheng understand that if he wanted to really get ahead, he must participate in the revolution like Chen Geng's elder brother. Therefore, he simply did not stop doing two things, and directly threw himself into Tang Shengzhi's Fourth Division of the Xiang Army as a soldier.
The fate was so ingenious, when Lu Dongsheng went to Wuhan with the troops, he unexpectedly met Chen Geng who came to Tang Shengzhi's special agent battalion as a battalion commander again. The old friends met each other, and the two were very happy. The scenes of the past have emerged, and today they are comrades in the same trench, and the friendship between the two has become deeper and deeper.
In 1927, Chen Geng took Lu Dongsheng to participate in the Nanchang Uprising. During the battle at the venue, in order to cover the retreat of the large troops, Chen Geng took Lu Dongsheng to the back. The enemy shot one shuttle after another, and Chen Geng was unable to dodge after all, and he was shot in the left leg. The knee tendon and ankle bone were broken in two places, and in an instant, the blood stained the grass and the water in the field ditch.
Nanchang Uprising
The enemy was chasing after him, chen Geng was shot and could not continue to advance, what should Lu Dongsheng do? He gently shook Chen Geng and said, "Battalion commander, I will help you go!" ”
Chen Geng knew his situation and said sternly, "No, you don't care about me, you go quickly!" ”
But how could Lu Dongsheng be willing to leave Chen Geng alone? He insisted on supporting Chen Geng and made it clear that he wanted to walk together and die together!
Chen Geng pushed Lu Dongsheng fiercely: "Go fast! ”
The enemy was getting closer and closer, and when Lu Dongsheng saw that Chen Geng insisted on leaving on his own, he hid in the grass around him and looked at Chen Geng lying in the pile of dead people, as long as the situation was not right, he planned to exchange his life for his life to attract the attention of the enemy for Chen Geng.
The enemies who cleared the battlefield flipped through each corpse one by one, and seeing that Chen Geng, who was pretending to be a dead man, was kicked hard, and when Lu Dongsheng was about to rush out, the enemy threw the target at other corpses. After waiting for a few hours, another group of men and horses came to the battlefield again.
Chen Geng, who was originally pretending to be dead, was shot by this group of people, chen Geng secretly opened his eyes to take a look, only to find that it was the rebel troops, and hurriedly said: "I am my own!" ”
Lu Dongsheng, who was crouching in the grass next to him, also came out and said in a loud voice, "I prove that he is our battalion commander." ”
In this way, Chen Geng escaped the disaster. But his injuries were too serious, and it was fortunate that Lu Dongsheng took care of him all the way. But when they arrived in Tai Po, the next trip became more and more difficult, and more and more soldiers were chasing after them, so the organization decided to let Chen Geng recuperate on the spot, at which time Lu Dongsheng stood up and repeatedly said that chen Geng must be carried to Shantou.
He considered that Chen Geng had a leg injury, and if he recovered his injury on the spot, he was afraid that he would leave sequelae. If you follow the large troops to Shantou, there will be a better medical environment. Chen Geng was also determined to follow the action of the large troops, and the two of them bumped all the way into Shantou.
However, the enemy's pursuers were behind, and as soon as Chen Geng settled down in the hospital, the rebel army was forced to withdraw. Zhou Enlai arranged for someone to send them money and letters, but no one was found in the hospital, so that Neither Lu Dongsheng knew about the retreat.
Well, the whole city is full of enemy people. However, the roof leaked during the overnight rain, and the hospital issued an eviction order because they were cadres of the rebel army. This Shantou could not stay any longer, and coupled with the fact that Chen Geng needed treatment, Lu Dongsheng decided to take Chen Geng to Hong Kong.
The most convenient means of transportation from Shantou to Hong Kong is naturally by boat. With the help of nurses and workers, the two boarded the first ship to Hong Kong since the resumption of voyages. It is precisely because this is the first boat since the resumption of sailing, the boat is mixed with fish and dragons, and there are many comrades of the rebel army.
Obviously, the boat is not safe. As soon as the ship docked, the patrol boarded the ship and searched. This can make Lu Dongsheng anxious, if Chen Geng's gunshot wound is discovered, it will definitely cause unnecessary trouble. Fortunately, he was clever, and found a chair to ask someone to carry Chen Geng down.
But the patrol did not intend to spare any suspicious elements on the ship, and before they could rest, the people in the patrol room punched and kicked them. If it were not for Lu Dongsheng protecting Chen Geng, he would only be afraid of the unimaginable consequences.
From Huichang to Shantou and Shantou to Hong Kong, along the way he did his best to take care of Chen Geng, which can be described as sincere, which made Chen Geng see in his eyes and remember in his heart. Few but neither of them said a word of thanks, everything was in silence.
After arriving in Hong Kong, Lu Dongsheng took Chen Geng all the way to Tibet and finally arrived at the hospital. But as soon as the hospital checked that they were gunshot wounds, they directly pushed them out of the door and did not dare to collect them at all. There is no cure for the disease, and there is no home to return, which makes the two feel confused for the first time.
Fortunately, Chen Geng was optimistic by nature, saw a Western restaurant not far away, and joked that it was better to come to Hong Kong for a Western meal. Originally, it was just a joke, but Lu Dongsheng took it seriously. He took out the only 20 yuan left on his body and went to buy a Western meal.
This made Chen Geng sigh with great emotion: "Dongsheng, you are too honest! This was the first time Chen Geng had evaluated him, and this evaluation had always accompanied Lu Dongsheng throughout his life, more than becoming the fuse for his eventual death.
Now the only 20 yuan on the body has also been spent, and there is no way to be hospitalized, what to do next? Together, the two decided to go to Shanghai to find the Party Central Committee.
Because he had no money, Lu Dongsheng endured hunger and frostbite, inquired about the news of the Shanghai party organization, and finally with the help of a co-worker, he bought a ferry ticket and found a camp bed.
In the narrow cargo hold, Chen Geng lay on the camp bed while he curled up next to him. The boat arrived in Shantou, and Zhou Yiqun also boarded the boat. Along the way, Zhou Yiqun and Chen Geng were not convenient to show up, and lu Dongsheng ran up and down to take care of them.
Zhou Yiqun
Under the care and escort of Lu Dongsheng, the three were able to arrive safely in Shanghai and find the Party Central Committee. Lu Dongsheng, whose nerves were tense all the time, was able to rest at ease, while Chen Geng was sent to the hospital for treatment and reunited with his wife.
One day, Zhou Enlai suddenly came to Chen Geng's house. After entering the door, Zhou Enlai and the two briefly analyzed the current situation and believed that He Long and Zhou Yiqun must go to western Xiang'e to open up a revolutionary base area.
Zhou Enlai, who valued Lu Dongsheng's ability, came this time in the hope that Lu Dongsheng could escort the two to western Xiang'e.
Zhou Enlai valued and deeply trusted by the organization, which is of course a good thing. But Lu Dongsheng was a little unhappy, because he didn't want to leave Chen Geng's eldest brother.
Zhou Enlai
Chen Geng revealed his true feelings at this time, saying: "Emotionally speaking, I really don't want you to leave. But I want to keep you, I'm afraid to delay you! ”
Looking at Lu Dongsheng's reddened eyes, Chen Geng continued, "You should follow Commander He and Yi Qun to break in!" As long as we don't braid, there will be a day of meeting. ”
Chen Geng had high hopes for Lu Dongsheng, and before leaving, he repeatedly instructed Lu Dongsheng: "In the future, you will lead the troops, and when you have the opportunity, you will strive for tuition culture, go to school, especially exercise and speak, and eloquence is the necessary condition for becoming a big thing." ”
Before Lu Dongsheng was about to leave Shanghai, Zhou Enlai decided that Chen Geng and his wife Wang Genying would serve as Lu Dongsheng's introduction to the party and let him join the party.
Lu Dongsheng, who had followed Chen Geng for many years, had always wanted to join the Communist Party of China, and now that he had the approval of Zhou Enlai, it was also a fulfillment of his wish for many years.
On December 22, 1927, Lu Dongsheng bid farewell to Chen Geng and Wang Genying and others and embarked on a new journey. On the way to xiang'exi, Lu Dongsheng introduced the corresponding situation to He Long and Zhou Yiqun. Stop and go all the way to Guanyin Island.
Wang Genying
There were more than a dozen Tuanding (zhuangding) on GuanyinZhou, and He Long planned to take away their weapons. The boat slowly docked, and a group of people came ashore. After seeing the regimental defense captain, He Long grabbed the captain's hand and said, "I am He Long!" There is something bothering you, specially to borrow a gun for use! ”
This frightened the regimental defense captain, who didn't know what to say. Tuan Ding on the side saw that the situation was not good, just about to raise his gun, only to hear a gunshot, the Tuan Ding who raised the gun fell to the ground, and the person who shot it was Lu Dongsheng. Lu Dongsheng shot decisively, which made the other regimental leaders frightened and hurriedly dropped the gun in his hand.
Because of this shot, He Long captured more than a dozen guns and more than two hundred rounds of ammunition, and later he recalled the incident and said with regret on his face: "Lu Dongsheng shot well and made a great contribution, but it is a pity..."
Because Lu Dongsheng shot this shot, Zhou Yiqun and He Long trusted him even more. Even when the troops dispersed their actions, He Long often took them with him and was inseparable.
He Long
After the Nianguan rebellion, He Long's troops suffered setbacks one after another. Every time the contingent was pulled up, it was scattered before it could rectify and publicize the party's policies and decisions.
After thinking about it, He Long decided to send Lu Dongsheng back to Shanghai again to find the party organization. From Xiangxi to Shanghai, such a long distance, the result is that He Longdong cobbled together, and only found six copper plates to make travel expenses. It wasn't that He Long didn't want to give him more travel expenses, it was the possessions of the entire army.
Six copper plates is six! Holding these six copper plates, Lu Dongsheng slept all the way to Shanghai, worked as a small worker, lived in a cowshed, and traveled thousands of miles to Shanghai.
The "thousand-mile trek" here is really a thousand miles! After arriving in Shanghai, he did not have time to rest, but he received another task: first to Hunan to help rebuild the provincial party committee organs, and then back to xiangxi. As for He Long's side, the Party Central Committee also instructed the people to send a letter.
Lu Dongsheng, who was concerned about He Long, still decided to obey the arrangements of the party Central Committee and go to Hunan to carry out work. At this time, Hunan was deeply immersed in white terror, known as the "land of death".
Lu Dongsheng has strong working ability, so the Hunan Provincial Party Committee has the intention to keep him in Hunan. Later, due to the destruction of the provincial party organs, he had to return to Shanghai.
At this time, he learned that the letters sent to Xiangxi in the past few months had not been successful, and Lu Dongsheng petitioned to go. When Lu Dongsheng found He Long in the Hefeng Mountains with confidential documents, there were only 91 people and 72 guns around him, and the documents he sent to the Party Central Committee were like a long drought and rain, which made He Long see hope.
Behind He Long is Lu Dongsheng (back row, first from right)
When he learned what had happened to Lu Dongsheng in recent months, He Long was even more afraid. With the central government passing documents again and again, Lu Dongsheng served as a traffic officer again and again, He Long, who had no direction in the sea, was reborn like seeing a lighthouse, and the Red Fourth Army led by him quickly grew to 4,000 people.
Lu Dongsheng was obviously capable and party-oriented; not only Chen Geng and He Longqi valued him, but even Zhou Enlai and other central leaders were very optimistic about him. He Long's move had the intention of cultivating Lu Dongsheng.
In January 1933, when he led his troops and the main force of the Red Army at the Crane Summit Division, he not only brought this team of more than a thousand people, but also brought tens of thousands of silver dollars and cloth, making great contributions to the development of Hongshan County. During the Long March, he served as a vanguard soldier, and under his command, the Red Army successfully crossed the Jinsha River.
In addition to being good at commanding and dedicating, Lu Dongsheng is also a person who dares to tell the truth and do practical things. Also during the Long March, a regimental commander was smeared as delaying the fighter planes and providing inadequate support, intending to shoot them. At this time, he stood up and said: "This regimental commander has been a Red Army for so many years, how many bullets have been hit on his body, because of a mistake, he will be killed?" Do we look at cadres to see his temporary performance, or to see his consistent performance? ”
At his insistence, the regimental commander survived. In order to make the regimental commander feel better, he also specially took out his own blanket and 20 pieces of ocean and asked the guard staff officer to personally send it to the regimental commander, hoping that he could understand the Red Army and the party.
On the battlefield, he is an indomitable warrior; in the army, he is a general who loves soldiers like sons. It is precisely because of this character that he has won the weight of He Long and other leaders.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Red Second Front was reorganized into the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army, and he served as the brigade commander of the 358th Brigade of the division. Perhaps chen geng originally said that he should read more books and talk more, he made a report to the central authorities, hoping to study in the Soviet Union, and the central authorities agreed to his request.
In fact, as early as the Red Army, he tried to read and write. In moscow this time, in addition to studying Russian, military, political, and economics, he further deepened his understanding of Marxist-Leninist theory.
When Lu Dongsheng was studying, he did not show impatience and impatience, but was very serious and hardworking. Even when Zhou Enlai came to Moscow for medical treatment, he praised him, encouraged him to continue to study hard, and gave him a photo signature as a souvenir.
After completing his studies in the Soviet Union, he had planned to return to his country to continue fighting, who knew that the Soviet-German war broke out, and he was forced to stay in the Far East and become a Soviet Red Army officer.
Lu Dongsheng in the Soviet Union (first from right)
In August 1945, after lu Dongsheng, who had already reached the rank of major in the Soviet Union, returned to the motherland, he was first transferred to Changchun to help Chen Yun work, responsible for liaison with the Soviet Red Army, and then appointed as the commander of the Songjiang Military Region to Harbin.
No one thought that he, who had a good future, would encounter an accident here.
After the meeting that night, Lu Dongsheng took the guards to pick up Chen Yun's luggage. On the way back, I ran into these two Soviet soldiers who were blocking the road and robbing them.
In fact, the reason why they dared to block the road and rob was also because of the chaos in the northeast at this time, coupled with the high black wind at night. But Lu Dongsheng was very angry when he saw that these two Soviet Red Army fighters had actually robbed Chinese on Chinese territory. He took out his Red Army officer credentials and criticized them.
The Soviet Red Army was in the northeast
The two Soviet Red Army soldiers saw Lu Dongsheng take out his officer's ID and knew that he had run into trouble. In order to avoid punishment, they only had evil intentions, which led to the shooting and killing of Lu Dongsheng.
The news of Lu Dongsheng's shooting directly alarmed the top brass of China and the Soviet Union, and when Stalin learned of it, he immediately asked them to find out the truth and punish the murderer. However, at this time, the murderer has long disappeared, and where can he find anyone?
Lu Dongsheng's death, as Chen Geng said at the beginning, he was too honest. When everyone was arguing about who was going to pick up the luggage, someone pointed out that it was not safe outside, and specially brought him a pistol for self-defense. But he was still too blunt and temperamental, and when he encountered danger, he still confronted the fierce robber with a very tough posture, and the result was a bad thing.
I still remember when Lu Dongsheng and Chen Geng were separated from Shanghai, Chen Geng said that as long as the two people did not braid, there would be a day of goodbye. Whoever admitted that Chen Geng would say a word, the two really never met again.
Later, many people mentioned Lu Dongsheng, all of whom were full of regret. It is regrettable that he died at a young age (only 37 years old at the time of his death), regretting that the party and the people lost a loyal proletarian fighter, regretting the unfortunate death of a good brother and comrade-in-arms.
At that time, many people said that if Lu Dongsheng had not sacrificed, perhaps he would have a place among the founding generals.
55 years of conferring titles
As for why, it is necessary to mention the ceremony of conferring titles in 1955. In this year, the state awarded the first title of the republic to the generals who were known for their military achievements.
Among the ten generals, Su Yu, Chen Geng, Luo Ruiqing and others were selected, and no one was unconvinced. However, Xu Guangda, who only participated in the "half" Nanchang uprising, was named a major general, but many old cadres had some ideas. Because even generals like Wang Zhen, Xiao Ke, and Zhang Zongxun, who are old and senior and have many military achievements, are only generals.
In fact, when Xu Guangda learned that he was about to be awarded the rank of general, he repeatedly found He Long, Premier Zhou, and Chairman Mao, proposed to give up his rank, and asked to lower his rank. But none were approved.
One reason is that in terms of Xu Guangda's qualifications and military achievements, he can be awarded both a general and a general. The other was because the Red Second Army had to have a representative, so Xu Guangda's request was not accepted, and he was still awarded the rank of grand general in September 55.
Premier Zhou conferred the title on Xu Guangda
This is also why many people say that Lu Dongsheng has no accidents, and this quota is most likely his. Because Lu Dongsheng's seniority was older than Xu Guangda's, and during the Red Second Legion period, Lu Dongsheng was still the fourth person in the legion.
Taking a step back, even if he stayed in the Soviet Union for several years, from his past achievements and character evaluations, Lu Dongsheng's position in 1955 was most likely at the level of general. Especially as a representative of the Red Second Army, Lu Dongsheng was obviously more qualified than Xu Guangda.
However, such a character eventually died at the hands of Xiao Xiao, and had to sigh that the world was uncertain and that fate was changeable.
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