Modern cultural history considers Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, to be one of the birthplaces of ancient civilization.
The Sumerian people, historically known as the Sumerian dynasty, who began their collective life here, were a progressive people who knew early on about the use of metal, calendar, and invented cuneiform.
It dates back to about 5,000 BC and was conquered by the Semitic Babylonian dynasty around 2,000 BC.
The Babylonian dynasty also surrendered to Assyria after 1000. However, a little later than the Sumerian dynasty, the First Dynasty of Egypt on the banks of the Nile prospered.
By the time of the Babylonian dynasty, the peoples of the two geographically connected places were engaged in cultural exchanges with each other. Thus, it can be seen that there is a deep connection between Sumerian, Babylonian and Egyptian cultures.
According to legend, Ruan Xian, one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" during the Western Jin Dynasty, played this instrument with great skill, and was famous for it in the Tang Dynasty. This musical instrument of Goguryeo appeared before the name of Nguyen Ham, so it should be called Qin pipa.
In the murals of ancient tombs around Marutsu from the 3rd to 5th centuries, it is clearly seen that this vessel is a four-string, or four-string. It shows the most developed stage of Ruan Xian (Qin Pipa).
The Guzi of the Western Regions and the Ruan Ham-type lute of Khorezm are also four-stringed. Did China's Ruan Ham originate in China or the Western Regions? It seems that a new understanding is needed.
The musical instruments mentioned here can be found in reliefs and clay plates found in the royal tomb of Bird, dating back to 3,000 BC, and the names of the musical instruments are described in cumulative characters. However, the instruments listed below are modern names.
Percussion instruments: In this instrument, the "stick" and "clapper" of the percussion are the same as those seen in Egypt's new dynasty 1,400 or 500 years later.
Sistra had two rungs on a shanked "U" shaped frame and vibrated through a metal sheet, which also reached Egypt. Cymbals have two types: helmet-shaped belt handles, upper and lower strikers, and dish-shaped left and right combiners.
Small bells range from small ones hanging from the heads of animals to large ones for ceremonial purposes; In addition, there are rough "tumbling sticks" made of clay.
The big drum is the most important instrument of the Sumerians, and the large one is placed and beaten, and it is one person high; The small ones are tied around the waist with a strap and beaten as they go; There are also square leather-faced people.
Wind instruments: There is a "recorder" made of reeds in the flute, and it seems that there is also a "reed flute" in it.
The horn is made of horns and ivory, while the long trumpet made of metal appeared in Assyrian times. In addition, clay "whistle flutes" that imitate animal shapes have also been found.
Stringed instruments: The "lira" of the Rila Sumerian has been recorded around 3000 BC, with three pieces of silver and wooden lira unearthed from the tomb of the king of your and now in the British Museum and the Philadelphia and Baghdad museums.
The Sumerian lira is characterized by unusually aligned left and right, strings on one side, and carved bull's heads. The strings are also eight or eleven, roughly the same as the lira in modern Ethiopia.
Guitar: One of the oldest musical instruments in the world. Some say it is derived from the "guitar pull" of ancient Greece, and some say that it is derived from the "lute" of ancient Egypt.
One thing is certain, from the 14th century, it first became popular in Spain and Italy, and by the 15th and 16th centuries it had spread throughout Europe, especially in southern Europe.
Initially, it had only 4 strings, but now it has grown to more than 7 to 10 strings.
The tuning equipment and body structure are more complex and diverse, especially the lyrical guitar production is particularly delicate.
In the history of the guitar for about seven hundred years, it has been constantly updated and improved, and it was not until the early 2020s that it gradually perfected and was recognized and adopted around the world.
With the wide circulation of guitars around the world, at present, many countries have attached great importance to the guitar manufacturing industry, especially in Europe and the United States.
Guitar production in these regions has long been in order, with its own set of fixed production models.
Therefore, large-scale mechanized guitar production, it should be said that in the 80s today, has shown a considerable prosperity. Moreover, in production, people put quality issues in the first place.
The Sumerian harp generally has two shapes: one is the "arched harp", and the resonant part has a loosely curved bow head at one end; The other is the "horned harp".
The Sumerian harp has a right head and stands erect. Around 2000 BC, the latter replaced the former. The horn-shaped harp displayed in the British Museum, more than one meter long, is quite large, with twelve strings, and also with a bull's head.
The Sumerian lute, similar to the Greek "Pandora", has a long handle, a small speaker, and multiple frets on the handle, which are played by plucking bullets. The origin of the Lute-series musical instrument.
Some say Assyria, others say Kabatochia, but it seems to have some connection with Sumer. It has also been suggested that the Greek Pandora may have originated from the Sumerian Pantora.
The culture of Sumeria and Babylonia was the dawn of Europa culture, and at the same time, it also influenced Persia and India, becoming the dawn of Asiatic culture.
