Tang Yin《 Dongting Huangmaozhu Picture Scroll
Tang Yin (1470-1523), born in the sixth year of Emperor Chenghua of the Ming Dynasty, was born in the sixth year of Gengyin, the year of Yin, the name of Tang Yin, the character Bohu, the word Zi Wei, the late believer in Buddhism, the number of six such as the resident, the peach blossom master, the history of the escape Zen Immortals, as well as The Nanjing Xieyuan, Jiangnan First Wind Stream Caizi and other nicknames. A native of Wu County,Jiangsu (present-day Suzhou). Tang Yin's distant ancestor was Tang Hui, the Lingjiang general of Former Liang (313-376), who settled in Jinchang in the northwest. Tang Yinzu also served as the shou of Jinchang County, and was given the title of Duke of Jinchang. During the reign of Emperor Song (1049-1053), a distant ancestor was relegated to the south of the Huai River because of his outspoken advice and infuriated the imperial court, and the Tang family began to settle in the south. The Tang family has been passed down from great-grandfather to father for three generations, and has lived in Suzhou Wuxiangli (near Suzhou Zhangmen), until Tang Yin has a brother and a sister. When Tang Yin was young, he was very intelligent, knowledgeable and talented. Together with Wen Zhengming, Zhu Yunming, and Xu Zhenqing, he was called "the four talents of Wu Zhong". His poetry and painting are brilliant, the character paintings are colorful and elegant, the posture is beautiful, and he also works freehand characters, and the pen is concise and interesting. His paintings of flowers and birds are longer than ink freehand, free and elegant. And the calligraphy is strange and handsome, taking the law Zhao Meng.
Tang Yin《 "Fengtian Xing calf chart axis"
Tang Yin suffered his first trough at the age of 24. First, in the autumn, his father and wife died one after another, and the following year, Kaichun's mother unfortunately died of illness, and her only sister also committed suicide shortly after marriage. Originally a very harmonious family, the fierce and the evil knot, only the two brothers remained. Tang Yin, who had experienced the pain of mourning, decided to go to Jiuli Lake in Xianyou County, Fujian Province, to pray for a dream and ask about his future, which was very popular among the literati at that time. After praying for a dream, Tang Yin dreamed that the gods gave Mo Wanfang. After returning from Fujian, in order to fulfill his father's last wish, under the advice of his friend Zhu Yunming, Tang Yin revived his spirits and embarked on a long road to seek fame.
Tang Yin, "Kuang Lu Tu"
At the age of 29, when he took the Nanjing Township Examination, Tang Yin won the first place Xie Yuan, so he was also called "Tang Xie Yuan". The following year, when Tang Yin entered Beijing to participate in the examination, he was innocently implicated because of his involvement in the fraud case in the field of science, and not only sat in the classroom and suffered from the pain of flesh and skin, but also was permanently disqualified from the examination for meritorious names. This blow made him taste the cold and warm of the world and the cold of the world. From then on, Tang Yin began his life of debauchery and cynicism. Travel far away, look at the sea in the southeast, pan light boat in the cave garden, comprehend the victory of the rivers, lakes and seas, broaden the horizons, broaden the mind. After returning home, Tang Yin built the Peach Blossom Nunnery in Taohuawu, northwest of Wuxian County, and began the creation of poetry, calligraphy and painting for the rest of his life.
Talent is heavy, and Tang Yin is helpless to save his life
Tang Yin is proficient in landscapes, figures, ladies, flowers and birds, etc., especially good at landscapes. Landscape painting in the Ming Dynasty was more developed, but painters tended to imitate the ancient, and there were not many creative ones. Although the expression methods of Tang Yin's landscape paintings are based on tradition and inherit the Song people's rigorous and precise observation and expression of nature, he can change and integrate them and create new ideas. After his career was lost, he made a journey of 10 thousand miles, covering Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Zhejiang and other provinces, which lasted 10 months. Enjoying the famous mountains and rivers, it nourishes the pen and ink of its landscapes. For example, the painting method of Zhongshan Stone in "Kuang Lu Tu" is obviously taken from the Song dynasty Li Tang, Liu Songnian and others. However, Tang Yin changed Li Tang's side peak sweeping, large block of hook painting method and sharp painting style, into a medium peak as a thin line, a clear strength method, a fine and dense Dao jin, a smooth Juan xiu, soft and rigid, unique style. On the basis of the wrinkles, the ink blending makes the mountain peak pregnant with a beautiful and elegant atmosphere in the wind and bone, which is Tang Yin's innovation in technique. In terms of rules and regulations, Tang Yin used the lofty method to express the magnificent scenery of the country. For example, the use of layers of springs to push the mountains and valleys farther and higher layer by layer, resulting in a deep and wonderful painting environment. There are also dot scenes in the painting, although the characters are small, but the portrayal is fine, the pen is meticulous, the manners are vivid, and they are about to come out, which plays a role in the finishing touch to the work.
Tang Yin, "Sunset Lone Bird Diagram"
The preciousness of this "Kuang Lu Tu" axis lies not only in its outstanding artistic achievements, but also in the study of Tang Yin. There is an interesting account in the history books. It is said that after Tang Yin became famous, he was very famous, and he was favored by Zhu Chenhao, the king of Nanning, Jiangxi, and hired him with generous gifts, thus leading to the story of Tang Yin's heart-wrenching painting "Kuang Lu Tu".
Fang Yun Linming Qiangu "Small Portrait of Mr. Tang Liuru"
In the ninth year of Ming Zhengde, that is, in 1514, when Tang Yin was 44 years old, Zhu Chenhao, the king of Nanning in Jiangxi, sent emissaries to bring gifts to invite Tang Yin and Wen Zhengming to paint at the palace of Ning, and Wen Zhengming said that he could not go during illness. At that time, Tang Yin wanted to take this opportunity to visit scenic spots in Jiangxi, so he gladly went there. King Ning received him graciously and ordered him to rest for a few days to chant poems and paint paintings, to be the guest of honor in the palace, and to sing praises for King Ning.
Tang Yin originally thought that King Ning had specially set up a banquet to invite him to paint. Accidentally, during Tang Yin's tour of Nanchang, he heard street talks and found that King Ning was not really fond of painting, and his real purpose was to fight against the imperial court. At this time, King Ning was recruiting troops, collecting talents, snaring henchmen, accumulating strength, and plotting rebellion.
At this time, Tang Yin suddenly realized that the reason why King Ning was heavily engaged was not his own artistic talent, but his own influence, and he wanted to use his reputation to cultivate personal power and form a party for personal gain for personal gain. Tang Yin remembered that 14 years ago, he had been subjected to Zhu Lian because of the fraud of others, and he had fallen in the official field, and now he had become the object in the palm of the King of Ning, in case the East Window Incident occurred, this rebellion would be full of doors and cuts, and the Nine Clans of Zhu Lian would be cut off. The more Tang Yin thought about it, the more afraid he became, in order to be able to leave the Ning Palace, he did not dare to resign head-on, only to learn from the ancients in the emergency fashion crazy selling stupidity, cover people's eyes and ears.
Tang Yin《 "The Scroll of the Shadow of the Dotou Curtain"
As a result, he began to behave absurdly, pretending to be gibberish, and even naked in public, without shame. This trick really worked. When King Ning saw him in such an ugly state, he cried and laughed, thinking that he was really crazy, and that he had injured his body by staying in the palace, and rewarded him with some silver and sent him back to his hometown. Tang Yin broke free from the whirlpool of political struggle, and it was in the middle of winter that Tang Yin boarded a boat from Nanchang to his hometown in Suzhou via Poyang Lake, and landed alone on Lushan Mountain, which he had been admiring for a long time.
Poetry Yanzhi Painting Sending Affection Tang Yin has a feeling and paints "Kuang Lu Tu"
Lushan, also known as Kuangshan, Kuanglu, according to legend, the Zhou Dynasty had two brothers surnamed Kuang came here, saw the green mountains and clear and beautiful waters of the forest here, thought it was a good place, and wanted to live in seclusion here, so it was named "Kuanglu". Tang Yin broke away from the cage of King Ning and climbed Mount Lu, which was naturally different from his mood of visiting the famous mountain Dachuan in the past, and after a fright, he climbed this famous mountain with a palpitation. Despite this, he opened his heart and enjoyed the steep peaks and mountains of Lushan Mountain, flying waterfalls and springs, letting the beauty of nature eliminate the blocks in his chest and forget the unhappiness of recent days.
He found that the landscape of Kuang Lu had a majestic and sunny beauty compared with the garden scenery of the small bridge and flowing water in his hometown. However, in the face of the scene of the roar of the wind and the withering of the grass and trees, this mountain climbing became the most profound one in his life. Coming down from Lushan, he took a boat to Guichi, stayed in Meilong Town for one night, and rushed to a friend's house in Huizhou the next day. Under the attentive care of his friend Yayi, Tang Yin served Danqing again. Based on the real scene experience seen on this landing in Kuanglu, he painted this cold and forced "ancient wood miserable wind Xiao Xiao" "Kuang Lu Tu" vertical axis middle hall, left to friends as a souvenir. Poetry and poetry, painting sending affection, "Kuang Lu Tu" presents a kind of depressed, repressed, heavy emotional color, which is related to Tang Yin's situation at that time, and the painting tells Tang Yin's inextricable hidden pain and the sadness and indignation that is difficult to reach out.
"Kuang Lu Tu" is a pastel painting on silk, 148.5 cm in length and 72.2 cm in width, which has a history of nearly 500 years and is still intact and precious. This picture depicts the autumn and winter scenery in front of the Three Gorges Bridge under the Wulao Peak of Lushan Mountain. The picture is dangerous and the peaks are towering in the clouds, and the eyes are in sight; the clouds on the mountainside stop and the fog is swirling, and the cold is compelling; the streams between the valleys are stacked like exercises, and the second falls, hitting the rocks and streams; the winding and turning of the mountain trails loom, and the peaks turn around, and they are far away. Under the flowing spring, between the deep ravines, there are wooden bridges flying frames, and the coats on the bridge ride donkeys, and the bookboy holds the piano. In the upper left corner of the picture is the artist's own inscription poem: "The Three Gorges Bridge in front of Kuanglu Mountain, the suspension stream splashes and the fish and dragon jumps; the strong strategy refuses to be measured, and the ancient wood is miserable and the wind is Xiao Xiao." Put the money "Tang Yinzi Fear", "Nanjing Xieyuan" and "Six RuJushi" seal. The whole picture, the pen line is subtle, the ink rhyme is clear, the artistic conception is magnificent, and the momentum is extraordinary.
The painting was discovered in Xiuning County in 1964 and was acquired for the Tunxi Cultural Relics Store, and in 1966 it was transferred to the Anhui Provincial Museum for collection. Originally known as "Tang Yin Landscape Map Axis", in May 1987, when a group of 7 people from the Expert Group of Chinese Ancient Calligraphy and Painting Appraisal came to the Anhui Provincial Museum for appraisal, Mr. Qi Gong said that this "Tang Yin Landscape Map Axis" was quite creative and was one of Tang Yin's representative works, which was rare, so it was renamed "Kuang Lu Tu".
It is often said that the country is picturesque. However, "Kuang Lu Tu" is more beautiful than natural mountains and rivers. This is because the painter is in the middle of the mountains and rivers, the depth of insight into the natural scenery, touching the scenery, "the whole situation is in the chest, full of chapters" (Qi Gong language), so the strange image of the closed eyes and the mountains and valleys, small bridges and trees is in front of you, which is by no means the effect of copying the old.