Flower Tree in the Rock (A Masterpiece of Mind Science Essay)

Pu Yao Xue Palace

These two sentences were originally a very correct channel for Wang Yangming to induce his disciples to think from a deeper level and use values to deeply understand the philosophical path of "nothing outside the heart". But I never expected that these two sentences would bring endless uproar to the study of mind, and it has been endless for five hundred years. This is the famous "Flower tree in the rock" case in the history of Chinese thought.

That tree, that tree that grew in the Ming Empire, that tree rooted in the rock of Nanzhen, are you an olive that white pigeons like, or a plane tree that the phoenix loves to perch, or a bodhi that transmits the sound of Buddha, it is very shameful, I really don't know.

That tree flower, that tree flower that flutters in the middle of daming, that tree that is rich in the nanzhen rock, whether you carry the grace and magnificence of the national color peony, whether you shake the charm of the Linbo fairy, whether you are as rare as Manshu Shahua's, or still say with shame: I don't know.

The flower tree, the cluster of flowers, the tree because of the flower, the flower because of the name of the tree, the flower and the tree dancing together on the spiritual rock, witnessed a question and answer that shocked China and foreign countries. However, no matter how full the flowers are, no matter how fragrant the tree is, it is impossible to interpret the twists and turns and right and wrong encountered by "nothing outside the heart" in the next five hundred years. Although you grow up in the rocks, absorb the essence of the mountains and rivers, bathe in the wind, frost, rain and dew, and bear the care of the sun and the moon, in a complex society, you appear powerless, unable to do anything for the "nothing outside the heart": clear the doubts, clarify the criticism, wash away the grievances, and calm the arguments.

Perhaps Providence predestined that the flower tree would accompany Yang Mingxin through the ups and downs of five hundred years, or perhaps it was fate that was difficult to violate, and that flower tree was determined to feast on the wind and snow of the five centuries of nothing outside the heart, with ups and downs, floating and sinking, counting the years.

Once, one day, the wind and the sun were beautiful, the ancient town of Nanzhen ushered in three Confucian people in white horses and plain robes, led by Wang Yangming, a giant Confucian with a full belly, and the two protégés looked like his beloved disciples, or followers of the heart study, one called Xu Ai, one called Wang Geng, and later they were all missionaries and promoters of the study of the heart.

The labor of the journey made all three of them feel a little thirsty, so they dismounted together and went into a teahouse. Just after entering the seat, the store with countless readers brewed three cups of tea for them, fresh and rich floral fragrance, which made Wang Yangming smile: "Oh, the store has a good eye, but I don't know how do you know that we love Biluochun?" "Bao Ding unravels the cattle, the hands are cooked, the tea is raw and tea, the eyes are pointed, and the carving insects are small skills." The shopkeeper continued to laugh: "This is not difficult, and it is not Wang Yang Mingge Bamboo, but it is hard to feel the 'unreasonable outside the heart'!" ”

A sentence from the shopkeeper made Wang Yangming, who was tasting tea, fall into contemplation and move his gaze to the anchovy bamboo outside the window: "It is said that the bamboo is strong and straight, but this anchovy bamboo is so feminine and flowing, unreasonable outside the heart, unreasonable outside the heart..."

Wang Yangming was originally also a follower of Zhu Xi's theory of science, because the science of science was also the essence of the inheritor Confucianism, which was the orthodox study of Theology at that time, but later Wang Yangming found that Zhu Xi had tampered with the Confucian classic "University" with his own will, making the science full of loopholes, in order to verify Zhu Xi's lattice and material rationality, he once had seven days of lattice bamboo, not only did not qualify any reason, but also tired of Wang Yangming, let him find: Ge Zhu can not raise the truth of bamboo to the truth of life, not bamboo can tell people what, And the real person itself has his own ideas, so Wang Yangming discovered the cornerstone of mind science: "The heart is the reason - there is nothing outside the heart, there is no reason outside the heart, there is nothing outside the heart, there is no learning outside the heart..."

"Could it be that the tea I brewed is not to your taste, officer!" The shopkeeper asked cautiously, interrupting Wang Yangming's contemplation. Relieved, Wang Yangming quickly answered Fei's question: "I am looking for a beautiful place in Nanzhen?" ”

"Haha, yes, there is a canyon in the south of the town, and there are spiritual flowers and trees on the rocks, and at this time the flowers are blooming and spitting, and the valley is full of flowers!" With a word from the shopkeeper, Sai Bi was even more thirst-quenching than the Biluochun in front of him, instantly taking away the souls of the three people, immediately going out to get on the horse, riding the horse and whipping, and rushing out of the Nanshan Stone Rock with interest.

This trip was originally an outing to enjoy the body and mind, but never thought of: First, it stirred up thousands of waves, the waves that had been shining for more than 500 years, and the waves that had never been calmed down, had been sweeping the cornerstone of the study of the heart, so that this cornerstone of "heart is reason" has been in the long river of history, floating and fluttering.

Nanshan is not high, but because it is close to Nanzhen'er, it has a quiet and comfortable space, and has a fresh and beautiful environment, which has become a good place for people to rest. The valley is not wide, but because of the steep cliffs, there are flowers and trees in the rocks, and there are flowers with rich heads, which has become a perfect place for people to enjoy.

The bare roots and whiskers, like a flexible dragon, floating on the stone rocks of the cliffs, and like a cluster of streamers dancing, perhaps it has been the wind of the mountain rain valley, its main pole spirals and rises in a forty-five degree angle, the mushroom-like canopy floats like a cloud, the dripping green leaves dance spiritual flowers, the blooming flowers sprinkle the sweet fragrance of the valley, the butterflies and fallen petals that smell the fragrance wander in the wind, and the birds cry like morning dew dripping notes...

Worthy of the magic of nature, it has created a pleasing scenery, viewing trees, viewing flowers, smelling incense, tasting butterfly dance, and singing birds, so that Wang Yangming's three people are like drinking the daughter of the millennium cellar, red, drunk and forgetful, and have been wandering and wandering in the rock valley.

The introverted Xu Ai thoughtfully bowed his head and silently read: "There is nothing outside the heart, there is no reason outside the heart, there is nothing outside the heart, there is no learning outside the heart..." Suddenly, he looked up again, he seemed to smell the flowers, looked at the flowers and trees, and turned his head to look at Wang Yangming, and the same action five times over and over again aroused Wang Geng's suspicions: "Xu Ai, what are you doing, there is no right way?" ”

"This..." Then Xu Ai plucked up his courage and said to Wang Yangming: "Sir, there is nothing outside the world, such flowers and trees, opening and falling in the deep mountains, what is the relationship with my heart?" ”

Wang Yangming looked back at Xu Ai, smiled at him again, and secretly thought in his heart: "Well, he is questioning 'nothing outside the heart' in his heart, and I have this opportunity to guide and guide him." Therefore, Wang Yangming deliberately pulled the tone and said, "When Ru looks at this flower in the future, this flower and Ru will end up in silence." When Ru came to see this flower, the color of this flower became clear for a moment, and he knew that this flower was not outside ruxin. ”

These two sentences were originally a very correct channel for Wang Yangming to induce his disciples to think from a deeper level and use values to deeply understand the philosophical path of "nothing outside the heart". But I never expected that these two sentences would bring endless uproar to the study of mind, and it has been endless for five hundred years. This is the famous "Flower tree in the rock" case in the history of Chinese thought.

I remember when I was in middle school, the textbook of dialectical materialism rigidly told us that this was a typical idealistic idea and was not advisable. However, in order to understand Wang Yangming's mind, it is far from being able to interpret it from a superficial and superficial interpretation. In fact, as long as we carefully recall it, we can understand that Xu Ai questions the objective physical existence problem, or the existence of three-dimensional space. Wang Yangming, on the other hand, answers from the values of ideological existence, and he is pushing the boat along the water, introducing the problem from physical existence to a higher-level value world, which is a sublimated answer and an inducement to throw bricks and lead jade.

We may wish to look back and forth, when Xu Ai saw the leafy flower tree, the flower tree really stood tall on the steep cliff rock, at this time, the flower tree entered his eyes, entered Xu Ai's heart sea, and produced a beautiful image, and the flower tree became a heart object. Without this encounter, the flower tree would not have been able to enter his heart, and as Wang Yangming said, "The same return to silence", there can be no flower tree in the heart, there is no such consciousness. When the three of them enjoyed the flowers together, the posture of the flowers or the fragrance of the flowers, naked into the atrium, formed a kind of consciousness, naturally will pay attention to the flowers and trees, which is when Wang Yangming said, "This flower is not outside the heart of Ru". The meaning of something that is not contemplated by the mind is not present in consciousness at any time. To explain it in Wang Yangming's own words, then "whatever is intended for use, there must be its things, and things are things" (Chuan Xi Ji, article 137). In the words of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant: The world is the world that man knows, not the world itself, and without the existence of anyone, the world loses its meaning.

We look back at Wang Yangming's position in history, he is not only a thinker He philosopher, but also a military man, and more importantly, he is also a literary scholar. Wen Tao Wuluo, a brother of the Ming Dynasty, his language or writing, are all full of literary talent, and it is precisely because of his talent that many people have not seen through the implications behind the words. The word "silence" is not "not there", but really "in", just not moving.

Besides, if Yang Mingxin carries the color of idealism, then why are there so many popular figures in history who bend their backs to worship? Far from it, take the father of the country Sun Yat-sen's "knowing the difficulty and doing the easy", that is, "the unity of knowledge and action" covers, a generation of great Mao Zedong after carefully reading the "Complete Works of Wang Yangming", wrote a sobering work - "The Power of the Heart".

Today, President Xi Jinping has grasped the pulse of the Chinese people and clearly pointed out: "Wang Yangming's psychology is the essence of traditional Chinese culture, and it is also one of the entry points for enhancing the cultural self-confidence of Chinese." "Finally, the clouds and fog were cleared for Yang Mingxinxue, and the Yangming Xinxue reappeared.

I think that "Flower Tree in the Rock" will certainly be as classic as "Dragon Field Enlightenment" and will always become a classic for people to learn.