Ma Yifu was one of the great masters filmed in the calligraphy section of the second season of "One Hundred Years of Masters".
Ma Yifu (1883-1967), single name float, character one float, the number Of Zhan Weng, Gong Weng, Gong Shuo, Gong Opera Old Man. A native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, he is a master of Chinese culture. At the age of sixteen, he took the exam and was ranked first (first) in huijian county. At the age of twenty, he went to the United States, Japan and Europe to study. After returning to China, he "hid himself in the dark alleys, was in the company of the ancients, and disdained the affairs of the world", and immersed himself in the study of traditional Chinese culture such as Confucianism and Taoism. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Mr. Zhu was worried about the peril of the nation, and at the invitation of Zhu Kezhen, president of Zhejiang University, he went out to the mountains to give a lecture. In 1939, fusheng academy was founded in Wuyou Temple, Sichuan, to explain the principles of righteousness, select and engrave ancient books, and cultivate talents. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Mr. Li returned to Hangzhou and re-lived under the forest to preside over the Zhilin Library. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as the director of the Zhejiang Provincial Museum of Culture and History and a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consult
Ma Yifu pointed out that in the same way that the Buddha said that the Four Siddhas were sentient beings, Confucius also used the Four Siddhanas as his disciples to answer questions.
Siddhartha is a Buddhist term, Ma Yifu explains:
"The Four Siddharthas, the Tendai Doctrine, the Sayings of the Heavenly Platform, the Sayings of the Four Siddhans, the Teachings of the Tenfold, the Teachings of the Tendens, the Teachings First, the world of Siddhartha. The world is the meaning of the separation and the limit, the root organ of man, each has its own limitations, as appropriate to separate, the second is to say, the name of the world Siddhan. Second, for people to know. That is to say, to teach according to one's aptitude, to speak specifically for this type of machine, so that it can be obtained by people, and it is called human Siddhan. Third, to treat the sandalwood. It is said that the disease and medicine should be treated, and the pain of the person who is treated is said. Fourth, the first righteousness of the Sandalwood. That is, to say the truth and also to say. ”
The Tendai Sect's use of the Four Siddhanas as the embodiment of the Buddha's skillful teachings, which Ma Yifu applied to the interpretation of the Analects, is undoubtedly a reference to the flexible interpretation of Buddhist scriptures by senior monks.
Ma Yifu used Confucius to say benevolence as a poetic teaching, and Confucius randomly answered the doubts of his disciples, and in one sentence, they all had the meaning of the four siddhas. For example, he said:
"As Fan Chi asked Ren, Zi Yue: 'Lover.'" Ask Zhi, Zi Yue: 'Know people.' 'The world of Siddhartha also. The Answer to the Zi Gong said: "If you want to stand up and establish a person, if you want to reach and reach people, you can get close to the example, which can be said to be the party of benevolence." 'For the sake of Siddhartha. The answer to Sima Niu said: "The benevolent one also cuts through his words." The answer was delayed: "The benevolent one is difficult first and then he gains." 'To cure Siddhartha also. Answer yan yuan said: "One day of self-denial and retribution, the world will return to benevolence." 'The first righteousness of Siddhartha also. ”
That is to say, Confucius answered the disciples' questions according to the specific conditions of the disciples' ability to accept, personality characteristics, and their own defects, triggering the disciples' practical feelings of benevolence, and pointing out the direction that the disciples were committed to in the blending of the scenes, so that their ideological understanding was improved and their realm was sublimated. ......
Ma Yifu is photographed by Confucius on filial piety, which can also be matched with the Four Siddhas.
"Answer Meng Yizi: 'No violation.'" World Siddhartha also. Answer meng wu bo said: 'Parents are only worried about their illness. 'For the sake of Siddhartha. Answer: 'Why should I be disrespectful?' The answer is summer: "It is difficult to be colored." 'To cure Siddhartha also. The answer or the meaning of the question is: 'He who knows what he says is with the world.' It's like showing it. 'Fingers in the palm of his hand. The first righteousness of Siddhartha also. One by one, all of them belong to the first righteousness, and they can be known by deduction. ”
Lile is the basic way of dealing with interpersonal relations in Confucianism, with the order of honor and inferiority, the distinction between men and women, the division of upper and lower levels, and the determination of nobility and inferiority, in a pattern of differential order to ensure the normal operation of society, while le makes this hierarchical society full of harmony and harmony, and all of this starts from family life, so that different disciples realize how to fulfill their duties and highlight the importance of social order in the practice of family affection ethics. It can be seen from this that Confucius's teaching was essential and skillful.
——Han Huanzhong, "Ma Yifu's Interpretation of Buddhism"
Source | Qian Mu and Chinese Culture
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Producer | Hou Xuan
Art Editing | Magical conch
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