Classical novels, such as the four famous works, have many poems, such as huiqian poems, huiwei poems, mainly used for opening and closing words, and there are also many poetry descriptions of characters in the text, but to say the most classic poems, you have to count the Red Chamber.
The reason why the poems of the Dream of the Red Chamber are classic is not because of how gorgeous the words and sentences are, nor because of how elegant it cites the scriptures, but because it is an inseparable part of the article, which is highly consistent with the storyline, the ending of the characters, and even the overall tone of the book of the Red Chamber and the deep meaning that the author wants to convey.
Let's take a few examples and analyze them a little. Look at these poems that have been approved by Cao Gong for ten years and added and deleted five times, what philosophy of life is implied.
1, there is a remnant behind the forgotten to shrink the hand, there is no way to turn back.
These two poems appear in the second time in the original text, Jia Yu Village, after being dismissed from his post, when visiting the scenery of the village, what you see on the ruined Zhitong Temple is a couplet on both sides of the door.
Since it can appear on the temple gate, it is conceivable that the couplet naturally contains deep meanings and mysteries. Jia Yucun also believes that "although these two sentences are shallow and close, their meaning is deep." "It's not easy to know.
The meaning is very easy to understand, that is, when there is still room behind you, but you forget to shrink your hands in time to turn around, and when there is no way in front of you, you can't turn back. Li Yanzhai's criticism of these two poems is: First drink for Ning and Rong, but drink for Yu Yi.
This is not only a stick drink for the many unworthy descendants of ningrong second house, but also a stick drink for many people in the world who are addicted to the comfort nest, do not know how to plan for the future, and do not know how to live in peace and think of danger.
In our current words, it is to know how to stop losses in a timely manner, if you blindly greed for money and heavy profits, blindly seize the wealth and glory and chase fame and fortune, sooner or later one day you will eat the evil consequences.
You see Wang Xifeng, the ending is "the organ is too clever, and it is calculated that Qingqing's life is reversed." "If you look at Jia Yu Village, the ending is "because the hat is small, resulting in the shackles." "This is to tell us that we must know how to be content to do things, to know how to receive when we see the good, and not to be greedy, and as a result, we must put ourselves into it.
2. Everything is learned, and the cultivation of human feelings is an article.
These two verses appear in the fifth time in the original text, and are a couplet in the upper room of the Ning Mansion.
This time, it was written that Jia Mu and others went to Ning Mansion to admire the plum, and when Bao Yu wanted to take a nap, Qin Keqing had led him here, but after Bao Yu saw the couplet, he immediately said that this was not good and did not want to stay here, and then he was led to his bedroom by Qin.
Why doesn't Baoyu like it here? Because this couplet, coupled with the painting with the story of "Burning Quinoa", is to persuade people to devote themselves to career economics, at this time, Jia Baoyu, the most evil reading of serious books, of course, do not like.
But for the author who "half his life is sloppy and has achieved nothing" and has experienced "the world is hot and cold, sad and happy", this sentence is full of philosophy of life and is asked by the university.
Therefore, Li Yanzhai's criticism of this association is: Look at this association is extremely vulgar, and it is very good to use it for this. The author of the cover is because of the ancient and modern princes and grandsons, the split head first under the golden needle. That is to say, this is also the language of Cao Gong to warn the world.
It is also very easy to understand that not all the knowledge and articles in the world come from the books of the sages, who are proficient in human feelings and have the wisdom of a transparent life, and they are also excellent knowledge and articles.
For example, everyone understands that Grandma Liu is a village woman, what can she learn? What articles will you do? But after we finish reading the Red Chamber, how many people will look down on her like Miaoyu? Who dares to say that Grandma Liu is not good?
Grandma Liu may not recognize a few words, and she can say that she is the Jade Emperor's Treasure Hall in the provincial villa, but her knowledge is not less than any one person, and her wisdom is even less than that of few people.
In order to make Jia Mu happy, she very sensibly cooperated with Feng Jie Mandarin Duck, deliberately making a public scandal, causing everyone to laugh. Do you think Grandma Liu is really stupid? Then you're wrong. Although Grandma Liu was poor, she was not stupid at all.
Afterwards, Mandarin Duck apologized to her, and you see what she said: We coaxed the old lady to open her heart, but what is annoying, you first ask me, I will understand, but everyone makes a joke.
Grandma Liu's heart was originally like Mingjing'er, such a world is insightful, and people are cultivated, is it not comparable to the belly knowledge and an article of Bao Daichao?
In life, we also rarely see such people, who may not have graduated from primary school or junior high school, but they know more than many highly educated people, and they can talk and do things more than real cultural people. It can be seen that life is full of learning, not books.
3, even if there is a thousand-year iron threshold, there must eventually be a steamed bun.
These two poems appear in the sixty-third time of the original text, through the mouth of Xing Xiuyan, are Miaoyu's favorite two poems, and also said that since the Han, Jin, Five Dynasties, Tang, and Song Dynasties, there are no good poems, only these two good.
These two poems are from the poems of the Song Dynasty poet Fan Chengda, and the meaning is not difficult to understand, the thousand-year iron threshold refers to the long-term wealth and glory, and a steamed bun refers to the tomb. That is to say, in life, even if there is really a long period of wealth and glory, it will only end up in a small grave like a steamed bun.
Miaoyu's words in the original text have a specific plot to take care of, Jia Fu's family temple is the Tiezhan Temple, which is a place where some people in the clan have died and are specially used to stop their spirits, and there is a temple not far from the Tiezhan Temple called Shuiyue'an, and Shuiyue'an is also called Mantou'an.
The Iron Sill Temple is not far from the Mantou Temple, and Cao Gong's intention in arranging this way is obvious, naturally to remind us of these two poems of Fan Chengda.
When a monk carried the stone into the red dust, he also said that there was some pleasure in the red dust, but he could not rely on it forever. It can be said in one word. Although wealth and glory are good, as Qin Keqing said when he dreamed of Wang Xifeng, it was nothing more than "momentary prosperity and temporary joy." ”
Dai Yu was worried about Jia Fu, saying that the more he came out and less in, so that for a long time, he would not pick up the back hand, but Bao Yu, who had no sense of worry, said that by how he did not pick up the back hand, it would not be short for the two of us. Where does he know, even today "the chest is full of gold, the box is full of silver." "In the future, it will still be" the eyes of the beggars who are slanderous. ”
If there is no sense of crisis, it is impossible to plan the future decline of the world at the time of prosperity, even if it is a large family like Jia Fu, which has been prosperous for a hundred years, it will end up with the end of "the family is scattered and the dead are scattered" and "the land is really clean", not to mention the homes of small households.
The drama in the dream of the Red Chamber also says that the red stripes come and go without concern. In fact, whether rich or poor, no one can take away a penny. There are very few people who can penetrate the rich and the poor, see through life and death, and have great wisdom, so all sentient beings, such as you and me, are running for life.
But this poem advises us not to indulge in the glory and wealth of this world, everything is like a cloud of smoke, it is a dream bubble. Miao Yu is the lady of the official eunuch family who fell into distress, and perhaps she feels more empathy for these two sentences, so she is highly respected.
Author: Xi Si Shao, this article is to read less of the original works of the Red Chamber.