The manifestations and effects of sensory system disorders at different ages in children

What is sensory integration?

Sensory integration is sensory integration. Sensory integration theory was first proposed in 1969 by Dr. Alice of the University of Southern California. Sensory integration is the sum of the human body's perception of the surrounding environment, from the outside world to obtain different sensory information (vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, pre-hearing, proprioception, etc.) into the brain, the brain's ability to analyze, process and adapt to the input of information.

Insufficient sensory integration or sensory integration disorders will affect the various functional areas of the brain, sensory organs and the related play of physical coordination, thus causing problems related to learning and life.

Human senses are a learning process coordinated by the brain and body, and almost 80% of human sensory learning is carried out in infancy and infancy, so it is necessary to pay attention to the training of children's early motor ability.

Infantile is an important period for the development of sensory integration:

The 7-year-old jumper is simply a little master who can speak the tao. At home, you can stunned what your family says, and sometimes even "teach" your drunken father.

One day, dad and friends came home drunk at dinner, jumped in the children's room and played, and heard his father "unreasonable trouble". Moving his little short legs, he ran to his father.

"Daddy, how come you're drinking again, don't you know that drinking is bad for your health?" Your performance like this will not only add a burden to mom, but also not set a good example for me! ”

Jumping in class is also one of the active children, whenever the teacher says, "Who will answer this question?" Jumping is always a positive raise of hands, and when answering questions, it is also very methodical, and the teacher also nodded with satisfaction after listening. However, I don't know how, the jumping homework is always a mess to complete. Whenever his mother helped him with his homework, he was like a lice on his body, and there was not a moment when he could quiet down and write his homework. This can make jumping moms very headaches.

Psychologists have found that children's ability to integrate feelings is the main cause of learning disabilities.

Sensory integration ability is the brain to the sensory organs into the brain after the information processing, and then direct the action, if there is a problem in the process of processing, seeing, hearing and doing will be different.

Jumping is one such case.

The performance of sensory integration disorder is usually relatively hidden, through a large number of observations, experts found that sensory system disorder in different periods of performance is different, we can give parents a reference through the following description.

Preschool

1. Like to suck fingers, bite nails, bite the corners of the quilt;

2. Turning for a long time will not be dizzy or dizzy when you turn;

3. Poor sense of balance, walking backwards and backwards, often colliding;

4. A sentence must be listened to many times to understand;

5. Language development is delayed, pronunciation is not clear;

6. Timid, afraid of life, crying, introverted;

7. Hate to wash your hair and face, afraid of touching wet and sticky items;

8. Often walk on tiptoes, afraid of being lifted.

School age

1. Left and right, easy to write typos;

2. Clumsy hands and feet, improper sitting posture;

3. Read and copy skipping lines;

4. Susceptible to interference and lack of concentration;

5. Carelessness, loss of three or four;

6. Weak spatial comprehension ability, easy to calculate errors;

7. Slow auditory response and poor vocabulary memory.

Adolescence

1. Loneliness, rebellion, truancy, and violent behavior;

2. Easy to be arrogant and arrogant, easy to overindulge themselves;

3. Difficult to make friends, easy to be impulsive, exaggerated actions;

4. Lack of interest in learning and lack of patience;

5. Like to seek excitement, often stay up late, easy to indulge in the Internet, infected with tobacco and alcohol.

Adulthood

1. Difficult to adapt, unsociable and suspicious in the workplace;

2. Lack of self-confidence, extreme response due to stress;

3. Evade responsibility, easy to give up;

4. Have more than enough heart and insufficient strength, and do things easily;

5. Short-tempered, angry and easy to move, do not know how to change;

6. Nosy, stubborn and unable to listen to the opinions of others.

These phenomena may all be manifestations of sensory system disorder, and if you want to confirm whether you are sensory system disorder, you need a sensory system disorder assessment form for testing in order to more accurately understand the child's sensory system.

Why is sensory system dysfunction present?

01 Preterm/caesarean section

Surveys have shown that 60% of children with sensory system disorders are caesarean sections. Caesarean section of the child did not go through the squeeze of the birth canal, from the moment of birth, the initial tactile system is not generated, so it is easy to cause sensory system disorders, so it is recommended that expectant mothers to ensure the safety of themselves and their children, as far as possible to choose natural delivery.

The premature baby is not yet full-term and small in size, so the pressure given by the birth canal is insufficient, and it is also prone to sensory system disorders.

02 Crawl insufficiently or will not climb

American scientists have proved through the investigation of a large number of infants that crawling can strengthen the connection between various neurons in the brain and stimulate the language center of the brain. Crawling has an irreplaceable role for the growth and development of the baby, crawling can help the growth of the baby's inner ear vestibular and balance ability, help the differentiation and specialization of the left and right brains, and climb more to ensure that the child's vestibular stimulation is in place. Babies who use walkers too early and lack to crawl often have problems with motor coordination and inattention.

All the motor skills that humans can learn are realized on the basis of proprioception, and the cultivation of proprioception begins with crawling, and the stage of learning to crawl is the best period for developing the coordination and cooperation of multiple organs in the baby.

03 Parents spoil their children

Experts refer to the parents' doting on their children as "sweet drugs", which are sweet and delicious on the surface, but like drugs on the inside, they are harmful to the growth of children and are not beneficial. Some parents feel that "the tree is naturally straight".

Therefore, when the child is young, everything is taken care of, and when the child can do it himself, the parents are worried that the child will not do well, and the responsibility will be taken down. The child is limited by the package, the amount of stimulation is insufficient, and the degree of sensory system disorder will increase over time.

Liu Siqi in "Metamorphometer" in the 16-year-old not only needs to be fed to eat, but also dressed and cut nails, if the parents are not overly doting, how can a 16-year-old girl even have to be fed when she eats? This is very typical of the coordination of the various senses that are not stimulated enough.

04 Electronic products are overused

A sound brain network is the basic guarantee of sensory system. Studies have shown that when people watch TV, the chance of brain network activity is zero, that is, they do not think. Long-term attention to video, just like adults do not use their brains to watch TV, children will be too lazy to think about the problem, at this time, children only use hearing and vision to solve problems, the brain and perception can not be developed and utilized.

Early education experts said that children's premature focus on electronic products will cause obstacles to future literary learning.

05 Small activity space

Sensory system disorders have been called the "epidemic" of modern urban children. Many parents are now afraid of their children getting lost and falling, so they often limit their children's activity area and can only play at home. In fact, a small space is not conducive to the development of children's movements, and children's feelings cannot be well developed. Therefore, it will lead to sensory system disorders.

Parents who have been exposed to sensory system disorder training should know that the relevant training now is actually the game we played when we were children. Because the living space in the city is small, the coordination between the senses is not exercised, so there will be a disordered situation.

Parents should note that sensory system disorders do not disappear naturally with age and need to be corrected as they age

Some parents will feel that only children with sensory system disorders need to carry out relevant sensory system training, but it is not. A large number of scientific surveys have shown that almost all children have sensory imbalance, but the degree of performance is not the same.

The time of sensory system training, the optimal age for sensory system disorder training

0 to 3 years old is the basic period of sensory system training

At this stage, children receive a certain amount of appropriate sensory system training, which can effectively prevent sensory system disorders in the future. Some parents may feel that the child is small and it does not matter, zhongai specially arranged a kiss class, so that you and your child can learn the sense system together.

3 to 6 years old is the golden age of sensory system training

Children at this age have a certain foundation of sensory integration ability, coupled with the ability to express themselves, independent awareness is strong, so the categories of sensory integration training that can be carried out will also increase, and the effect of training will be particularly obvious.

6 to 9 years old is the compensatory period for sensory system training

Children before the age of 6 are soft dirt that you can knead at will, and your child will not be miserable because of your kneading. However, after the age of 6, the child's behavior patterns begin to solidify, and if there is not enough training time and training intensity at this time, the effect will be greatly reduced.

9 to 12 years old is the end of sensory integration training

Compared with the previous stage, children of this age, the behavior pattern has basically been fixed, and the effect and significance of sensory system training are not large, and the effect is not obvious.

Therefore, as the bearer and executor of children's education, if parents find that their children's sensory system is out of balance, they must take their children to do sensory system training as soon as possible, especially in the basic and golden periods.

Principles of sensory system training

Sensory integration training is not blind, but is carried out on the basis of certain principles. These principles run through the beginning and end of sensory system training, and have a very important guiding significance and promotion effect on training.

1. The principle of compliance

If a child's compliance response develops well, it can promote improved organizational coordination and keep the child's brain in a state of organized clarity. Moreover, each compliance response in turn causes further sensory integration. In order to integrate these feelings, children try to conform to them, thus forming a virtuous circle.

2. The principle of internal driving force

Internal drive is a state of arousal or tension that arises on the basis of children's inner needs. Paying attention to the principle of internal drive in sensory system training can make children have an intrinsic desire to change the status quo and be proactive. Consciously and independently participate in training.

3. The principle of happiness

Good mood is the lubricant of brain thinking, so in the sensory system training, the teacher will try to meet the children's psychological needs for "happiness", so that the children can improve the sensory system ability in a relaxed and pleasant environment.

4. Child-centered principles

In the training, teachers will focus on the growth and development of children, respect the different development of children, and learn to see problems from the perspective of children.

5. The principle of cultivating confidence

Self-confidence is a psychological quality that is conducive to sensory integration training. Therefore, in the induction system training, teachers will often encourage children with positive and positive praise and affirmative eyes, make children feel joy, and help them gradually cultivate confidence in training.

The misconception of sensory integration

1, grow up will naturally coordinate - some parents believe that the baby's body is not coordinated is the reason for the age is too young, grow up will naturally be normal, in fact, in 0-3 years old, especially 6-12 months, it is the baby to learn to climb, learn to walk the key period, but also to establish the best period of sensory integration ability, missed the opportunity, the baby's body will have a lot of potential to be limited, can not be fully played.

2, the game should also have restrictions - some parents will stop the baby's game because the sand and mud are too dirty, in fact, each game has its own valuables, as long as it is safe under the premise of not hindering the extension of the baby's interest.

3, the walker is conducive to early walking - some parents in order to let the baby learn to walk quickly, use the walker to "correct", in fact, this is exactly contrary to the normal requirements of growth, the baby's crawling period is insurmountable, to let the baby crawl as much as possible, so that it is conducive to the development of limb muscles, laying a solid foundation for the future growth mileage.

4, sensory integration training to the teacher on the line - some parents attach importance to the sensory system training, but think that there are professional teachers with the baby can be, no need for parents to bother. In fact, parent-child communication in the training process is an important basis for the development of sensory system, with your encouragement and praise, the baby will work harder to train, and it will help the healthy development of the baby's body and mind.