Author: Lao Tan, Source: Tang Poetry song poetry ancient poems (ID: tsgsc8)
As a poet, it is easy to write poetry to please oneself; it is difficult to write poetry to move the world; it is difficult to write poetry for the powerful, especially to satisfy the person who is "above ten thousand people", frankly, it is even more difficult.
In feudal society, the last type of poet also had a special title, that is, "royal poet".
Decent gentlemen often look down on them, but in terms of talent alone, the royal poet is not necessarily much worse than the "real poet".
Their work is like "dancing with shackles", which requires Danqing's wonderful pen and flowing clouds, but also needs to observe the color of words and judge the situation. The difference is that the beat of dancing is wrong, and perhaps they can start over; the poems are written inappropriately, in case they offend the emperor, what awaits them may be the disaster of killing.
Therefore, the leader among the royal poets can be called the grandmaster in poetry.
Elusive poet
The heyday of Chinese poetry was in the Tang Dynasty, among the poets of the Tang Dynasty, who specialized in writing imperial poetry, and the most famous ones, including two people, were called "Shen Song" by later generations, that is, the Song Zhi Qing and the Shen Qi Period.
Relatively speaking, you may be more familiar with Song Zhiqing, after all, although he is only eight buckets high, he is also despicable. I would like to say that, in a sense, Shen Qi and Song Zhiqi are like carved out of the same mold.
The New Book of Tang devotes a hundred crosses to introduce the Shen Period, but in a short chapter, there is no shortage of critical words. At the beginning, it is said that he was "bribed for meritorious service, and impeachment has not been investigated." The meaning of this sentence is that Shen Qi, who was serving as an appraisal official during the period, secretly accepted bribes and was impeached without being prosecuted.
The reason why he was not prosecuted was because there was "someone above" during the Shen Period, and this person was named Zhang Yizhi, who was Wu Zetian's "male concubine".
How do the two serve Zhang Yizhi? There are the following words in the "Biography of Song Zhiqing", "Pouring out one's heart and flattering ones" and "the most easy to serve the drowning apparatus". This means that Song, Shen and others are attached to Zhang Yizhi with all their hearts, and Song Zhi's questioning is even more excessive, and even gives him a drowning device.
The word "佺" in the name of the Shen Dynasty refers to the immortals in ancient legends. Originally a literati of immortal jade, who went to serve the male pet of the empress, it was indeed regrettable to say it.
It can be said that in terms of character, Shen and Song poets are like wolves and foxes; however, at the literary and artistic level, their surnames have even developed into a poetic school. What they have achieved is not insignificant.
When it comes to the poets of the Early Tang Dynasty, the first thing we think of is probably Chen Ziang and the "Four Masters of the Early Tang Dynasty". In fact, these people appeared as revolutionaries, in other words, representing emerging forces. As the well-known scholar Dai Jianye said: "Our current literary history is slightly biased... In fact, in the poetry of the early Tang Dynasty, the greatest influence may be Yu Shinan, Shangguan Yi, Shen Qi and Song Zhiqing. ”
The merits of Shen and Song are that they summed up the artistic experience of their predecessors in the form of poetry, and completed the task of "echoing the sound disease and making the sentence accurate". Speaking of human words, the poetic form of the Vinaya was invented by two people.
The great talent Yuan Shu once said:
Shen Song and the like, refined and refined, steady and smooth the momentum, called it a legal poem. From then on, the stylistic changes are extremely intense.
"XX stream" seems to have a derogatory meaning, which is not the case, Yuan Shu means that Shen and Song poets, carefully pondering the rhyme and rhythm, carefully tempered the language to the point of essence, so their poetry is called "rhythmic poetry". Since then, poetry has been divided into ancient poetry and proximity.
There is no doubt that the work of Shen Qiqi and others on the road of poetic development is constructive; in contrast, their character needs to be built. So, how to evaluate the Shen Period?
An elusive poet.
Elusive beauty
People familiar with the history of the Tang Dynasty know that later, when Wu Zetian grew old, Zhang Yizhi also collapsed.
There is a saying that "the tree falls and scatters", and the fate of the Shen Period should not be much better. Indeed, the history books say, "(Shen Qi) will be defeated by Zhang Yi, so he will flow to The Prefecture for a long time."
However, he was so good at writing poetry. After the exile of Qiuzhou, Shen Qi's official position was slowly restored, and he was summoned by the emperor to report for duty once, and finally the emperor made him a direct scholar of the "Xiuwenguan".
As a result, Shen Qi began to write poems to please the emperor, and the emperor was flattered very comfortably, and then specially rewarded him with wats and silk robes for the dynasty.
Unlike Song Zhiqing, Shen Qi's ending was very good, he became a high-ranking official, and finally lay in bed and died quietly.
There are many reasons why Shen Qiqi was able to die well, and there is no doubt that the poems he wrote played a crucial role. My question is, as a very pioneering poet, did Shen Qi's life only write imperial poetry?
Of course not, Shen Dacaizi has written many famous legal poems, for example, he has also profoundly sung about love.
In a famous poem, the first sentence of the opening chapter of the Shen Period reads: Yu Jintang, a young woman of the Lu family, and a tortoiseshell beam in haiyan.
Who is the "Young Lady of the Lu Family"? What was her original name?
Frankly speaking, the "young woman of the Lu family" is an elusive beauty. She did have a name, and her name was called "Mo Shuo", and mo shu nu was also found in the main history. On the other hand, she is a very contradictory character.
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties of China, Xiao Yan, the Emperor of Liangwu, wrote "Song of Water in the River", whose poetry cloud:
The waters in the river flowed eastward, and The daughter of Luoyang was named Mo Mo.
Mo Shuo thirteen can weave Qi, fourteen pick Sang Nan strange head.
Fifteen married as a Lu housewife, sixteen children of the word Ah Hou.
Lu Jialan room gui is a beam, and there are tulip suhe incense.
This girl, named Mo Shuo, lives in Luoyang. Thirteen can weave cloth, fourteen can pick mulberry, from which it is known that she is a capable girl, and later became a noble housewife of a large family, living in a boudoir painted with tulip spices, living a happy and happy life.
Emperor Wu of Liang's poems did not profoundly describe Mo Shuo's appearance when he was newly married, and another poet of the Southern and Northern Dynasties described this grand scene:
Mo Shuo was fifteen years old, and came to hire a son.
The son-in-law is like a beautiful jade, and the female color is better than the peach blossom.
With a cry of doubt, twilight rain, with a smile like the morning sun.
For the time being, it is light and sloppy, and the city is not sentenced to credit.
Unlike the shaping of Emperor Wu of Liang, this Mo Shuo girl may not be doing anything about Nongsang, she is contaminated with more gold powder and is obviously more aristocratic.
It's not over yet. It is said that around the 5th century AD (also during the Southern and Northern Dynasties), there was a Taishou named Zang Zhi who climbed the castle tower and looked out and saw a group of beautiful teenagers singing and dancing in the distance. The melody of the song infected Taishou, and he couldn't help but compose "Stone City Music". And there is a song "Mo Shuo Le", which is also from "Shi Cheng Le".
Where is Mo Shuo, Mo Shuo Stone City West.
The boat beat two oars and urged Mo Shuo to come.
Wen Huan went down to Yangzhou and sent Chu Shan to the head.
The probe hugged his waist and looked, and the river did not flow.
Here, Mo Shuo has turned into a fisherman girl who has lived by the water for a long time and has a love pulse.
The question is, which one is the girl in our hearts? The ancients also had doubts, and finally they wrote poems with humor:
Shicheng's misty waters flowed east, and Wu Chu contended for two worries.
Mo is riding the tide to play double oars, with the joy of the day to Yangzhou.
What does the poet mean, what else is there to fight for? The amorous Mo Shuo girl we love, paddling a double oar and a small boat, came all the way from Stone City to Luoyang.
As for why did you come to Luoyang? The poet also explains:
Only because of the weight of the gold powder in the south, the young woman of the Lu family was passed on.
Elusive love
Mo Shuo girl loves the gorgeous gold powder breath and longs for the taste of love, and finally she settled in Luoyang, married into the Lu family, and lived a happy life.
However, Emperor Wu of Liang's "Song of Water in the River" ends with this:
Coral hanging mirror rotten light, flat-headed slaves in the box.
Life is rich and noble, and hate not marrying the owner king.
The inlaid bracket of coral branches made the whole mirror shine brightly; the slaves carried the suitcase for her and rushed back and forth; but the honorable Lady Mo Shuo looked at the mountain a little bit, and only hated herself for not marrying Wang Lang of the eastern neighbor early.
Obviously, her attitude towards love is not solemn at all, and seems to be a little frivolous.
The poems written by Emperor Wu of Liang have a strong flavor of folk songs, rough and wild, and are also interesting. Shen Qi's writing was in the form of a rhythmic poem, and his Mo Shuo became solemn and depressed.
The poem written by Shen Qi is called "Alone And Not Seen" - just looking at the title of the poem, it has a strong tragic color.
Lu family young woman Yu Jintang, Haiyan amphibian tortoiseshell beam.
In September, the cold anvil urged the wooden leaves, and the ten-year conquest recalled Liaoyang.
White Wolf River North Yinshu broken, Danfeng City South Autumn Night Long.
Who said that he was sad and alone, and even taught the bright moon to shine yellow.
The poet's first two sentences obviously borrow from Xiao Yan's poetry, he created an image of a woman, Lu Shi has something in mind, his mind is empty, but his material life is very abundant.
The reason why the young woman had something in her heart was because her husband had gone out to Liaoyang, ten years had passed, and in the late autumn when the leaves were falling, her husband did not return, but there was a burst of anvils in the cold wind.
What does an anvil mean? The sound of knocking on clothes, how can it make Mo Shuo think of it?
Among the poets of the Tang Dynasty, perhaps the most evocative writer of the anvil was Li Bai, who once wrote:
Chang'an is a month, and the sound of thousands of households pounding clothes.
The autumn wind blows endlessly, and it is always jade.
He Riping Hu Yu, the good people strike the expedition.
How to return tens of thousands of households to pound clothes at the same time? The answer to all the questions is actually in the next sentence, "The autumn wind blows endlessly." The anvil means rushing to make cold clothes, cold clothes means that the weather is getting colder, and making clothes for your sweetheart is to offset the emotions of longing.
Specific to Mo Shuo, her husband has been away from home for ten years, and it is the season when the weather turns cold, but where is her husband, and if she rushes to make winter clothes, who should she send them to? So, listen.
The young woman of the Lu family is named "Mo Shuo", but the bright moon in the sky is very uninteresting, and the bright moonlight shines on the tent, which makes her more worried. Lu's name is really a great irony.
Love has always been elusive. When happiness is so thick that it is about to melt, the girl's heart may be thinking of another possibility; when the couple is separated from each other and have no news, the power of thought can travel through time and space and matter, and become almost eternal.
This elusiveness was written down by an equally unfathomable poet. There are some things in the world, just like the words of "Zhou Yi", "Books are not complete, words are not satisfactory, and meanings are not full."
Fortunately, there is poetry, and poetry is worth touching.
Resources:
Song Qi, Ouyang Xiu, etc.: New Book of Tang
Dai Jianye: "Teacher Dai's High-Energy Tang Poetry Lesson"
Jiang Guangdou and Gu Qi: Appreciation of Love Poems
Cheng Zhangcan: "Mo Shuo Dongxia - The Language Center's Adsorption of Surrounding Cultures"
-Author-
Always talk, always talk, always talk about people, nothing else.
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