Written by | Chu Yunwen
Image source | Internet
Although the keyword "new energy vehicles" did not appear in the government report last year, the charging piles, power station replacement stations, power battery recycling and other contents mentioned last year are related to them, which shows the stability of policy support for the industry.
New energy products in the past two years in the country ushered in a small outbreak period, data show that in 2021, the domestic new energy vehicle production and sales of 3.545 million units and 3.521 million units, respectively, an increase of 159.5% and 157.5%, and achieved the 2025 penetration rate target in a single month.
As a result, it is generally believed that the growth rate of the new energy market is faster than expected, but in the face of the rapid growth of new energy product ownership, many problems have begun to surface, and the problems faced by consumers and the difficulties encountered by the entire industry have become a hot topic.
Charging or swapping?
With the rapid rise of the number of new energy vehicles, it has become more difficult to charge, especially during peak car hours, as for the small holiday travel of various festivals, it has become a nightmare for pure electric vehicle charging.
By the end of 2021, the number of new energy vehicles in China is 7.84 million, of which the number of pure electric vehicles is 6.4 million, and the annual number of newly registered new energy vehicles has risen from 650,000 in 2017 to 2.95 million in 2021, with a significant growth rate.
However, as of the beginning of this year, the number of domestic charging piles is 1.178 million, only considering the problem of pure electric vehicle charging, equivalent to 5.43 vehicles to have a charging pile, which is obviously not enough for fast-paced cities, and the distribution of charging piles and charging efficiency have not been considered.
Therefore, while promoting the development of new energy vehicles, infrastructure construction must keep up, during the two sessions, there were representatives who mentioned the suggestion of new energy vehicle energy replenishment, which can be divided into two major "genres", one is to replace electricity, and the other is to lay out fast charging facilities.
The chairman of Geely Group mentioned the "Proposal on Increasing the Construction of Electric Vehicle Replacement System", and he believes that power replacement is more efficient and less costly than traditional charging. However, we need to pay attention to the fact that when he mentioned the issue of power exchange, he also mentioned that it is suitable for the promotion of heavy trucks and taxis and online ride-hailing.
Compared with the large-scale power exchange in the civilian field, its commercial value may be more obvious. After all, the range of activities of civil vehicles is mostly cities, taking Beijing as an example, it can be described as a small amount of land, so after so many years of development, we have not seen the rollout of the replacement power station.
In addition, because the shape and specifications of the vehicle battery are different, the current substation is also built and operated by major brands, so from this point of view, it is difficult to achieve high-density coverage of the substation, so the time cost of driving to the substation has not been reduced.
However, commercial vehicles often have fixed driving routes and parking positions, so the layout of power exchange on such models can greatly save the time for vehicles to replenish energy to improve work efficiency, and facilitate centralized management of power batteries and subsequent processing.
In fact, for the vast majority of consumers, through the charging pile for energy replenishment is still the mainstream practice, for this, consumers just hope that the speed of charging can be improved to a certain extent. Xiaomi founder Lei Jun mentioned the problem of "Accelerating the Construction of High-power Fast Charging Infrastructure for New Energy Vehicles".
At present, Xiaomi is actively promoting automobile projects, and the headquarters and factories have settled in Beijing, Lei Jun said: At present, only four of the charging piles have become fast charging piles, but the fast charging power cannot meet the needs of many new energy users, and most of the current fast charging stations are built independently by enterprises, and the interoperability between products is lacking.
He suggested formulating a new generation of high-power fast charging network planning schemes and clarifying relevant indicators; forming a national innovation platform to make key breakthroughs in fast charging technology; and strengthening service guarantees and increasing subsidies for operation and maintenance.
In fact, in the development of new energy in recent years, the layout of the charging pile has not been unified to increase the convenience, taking the individual as an example, once a week of using the car, in order to charge the vehicle, on the mobile phone downloaded 3 different APP, just to understand the charging process took more than ten minutes.
Industry standards are not uniform, there is no doubt that the utilization rate of charging piles will be reduced, which will also increase the time cost of users looking for charging piles, it is inevitable that users will issue: "If you can't shake the indicators of fuel vehicles, who will buy electric vehicles" Voice, since you want to promote new energy, then the rapid promotion of infrastructure is imperative.
The smart field avoids the phenomenon of "stuck neck"
With the proposal of the new four modernizations, domestic auto products have reflected the first-mover advantage in the global intelligent aspect, but the keywords in the past two years are well known, that is, "lack of core", the chip industry that was originally predicted to improve in the third quarter of this year has cast a shadow on the Russian-Ukrainian conflict.
Chip shortage for car companies to deliver products has a huge impact, products can not be delivered for the entire market prosperity also has an obstructive effect, in fact, through the comparison of the current domestic mobile phone industry can be seen that the core technology of the software level of chips and vehicles must be mastered in their own hands, to avoid being pinched.
According to the data, in 2021, domestic car companies will reduce vehicle production by 2 million units due to chip shortages.
Wang Fengying, president of Great Wall Motor, put forward the "Proposal on Promoting the Rapid Development of China's Automotive Grade Chip Industry", which said: At present, the domestic automotive industry needs to give priority to solving the problem of product "lack of core" in the short term, and secondly, it is necessary to build an independent and controllable automotive grade chip supply chain and reserve relevant talents in the medium and long term.
Zhang Xinghai, chairman of Xiaokang Group, also put forward the "Proposal on Using National Strength to Promote the Solution of the Tight Supply of Vehicle-grade Chips", he believes that it is necessary to open chip-related departments from the national level, including the design level, supply and demand level and technical standards, etc., to solve the contradiction between supply and demand.
Due to the high requirements for reliability and stability of vehicle-grade chips, and the use time limit of the chip in the continuous iteration of the software is required to reach about 15 years, it also leads to the slower frequency of chip replacement than electronic products, and even the profit is low.
Wang Fengying, president of Great Wall Motor, said: "The price of a single piece is only about 1 to 3 US dollars, the price is low, the profit is low, and the market size is very limited. ”
In addition to product hardware, there is also the creation of software systems, with the increase of intelligence, the role of the car operating system in the vehicle will become larger, and associated with the core components such as the power layer, and software as a hardware divergence, is also a key part of the construction of Internet cars.
Like chips, the software of the vehicle also needs to get rid of foreign dependence, Nezha Automobile Chairman Fang Yunzhou's proposal at the two sessions revolves around the automobile operating system, which said: "It is the basis for reconstructing the industrial chain and technical chain of intelligent networked vehicles, and even affects the future development direction of the entire automobile industry. ”
However, with the intelligence of the new concerns, intelligent network data security has also become the focus of many representatives, like the vehicle in the driving of the record of a variety of driving data, if hacked into the vehicle, the function of the vehicle to form a malicious control, for personal safety will have a great impact.
With the popularization of intelligence, many Internet companies are currently involved in the car manufacturing process, like 360 founder Zhou Hongyi mentioned the suggestions on intelligent network security, in the future period of time, this is also a hot spot for car companies.
From the above suggestions, it can be seen that promoting the development of new energy is actually a well-laid out new energy ecosystem, covering supply chains, products, aftermarkets, surrounding facilities and so on.
In recent years, after each natural year, the new energy market has a relatively obvious change, the main reason is that with the increase in market ownership, many problems will be amplified, charging and replacing, mastering chip autonomy, intelligent security has become the current keywords, reflecting the pain points encountered by consumers and the difficulties of the industry.
There are still many obstacles to the road of energy transformation and product transformation that need to be broken, but it can be found that the proposals made this year are more detailed, and with the concretization of the problems and suggestions put forward, it shows a clearer planning of the industry's development route. 【iDailycar】