Lu Xun's handwritten inscription was given to Feng Xuefeng's photo
Feng Xuefeng's "On "Weeds""
Lu Xun's family and Feng Xuefeng's family
Feng Xuefeng's handwriting ◎ Ye Shusui (researcher of Lu Xun Museum, Beijing)
Mr. Feng Xuefeng is a student and close friend of Lu Xun. He loved lu xun, revered lu xun, and deeply understood lu xun. It can be said that Mr. Xuefeng was a witness to Lu Xun's brilliant thoughts, words and deeds in the later period. He and Lu Xun are intimate and have a common heart, just as Comrade Ding Ling said: "Lu Xun is a solemn and yearning statue in the spiritual world of Xuefeng, and their relationship is far greater than that of ordinary comrades and teachers and students. ”
Feng Xuefeng returned from the Long March Road and made a special trip to Shanghai to give Lu Xun a thangka
In 1956, Mr. Xu Guangping donated a batch of Lu Xun's cultural relics to the Lu Xun Museum in Beijing, including a painting in a refined frame. Mr. Xu Guangping repeatedly said when handing it over to us: "This is Feng Xuefeng's back from the Long March Road, and it was given to him by Xiao Yedan when he passed through the Yi area." Mr. Xu said repeatedly, afraid that we would not be able to remember.
At that time, the main recipients of this cultural relic were Mr. Xu Xiansu (she was a classmate and friend of Mr. Xu Guangping) and Comrade Yang Yu and me, who were later appointed as deputy curators. In Xu Xiansu's original account, it is clearly recorded that "Feng Xuefeng's Long March back to the ethnic minority map" and "Feng Xuefeng's Long March brought back the painting frame and put the former residence". More than half a century later, that's all we know. This painting, we can't understand, what kind of painting it is, what meaning it has, for us, has always been a mystery.
In 2008, Comrade Xia Xiaojing, who was in charge of the custody department of Lu Xun Museum, in order to find out about this cultural relic, found me to understand the relevant situation of this cultural relic, which is also an unfinished work of Lu Xun's cultural relics. For this reason, I found the old leader who received this cultural relic together, Comrade Yang Yu, 88 years old, who still clearly remembered the incident, he said: "This should be a thangka, which was given to him by Xiao Yedan during the Long March by Feng Xuefeng." Mr. Xuefeng returned from the Long March Road and made a special trip to Shanghai to give it to Lu Xun. In 1956, when the first exhibition of Lu Xun's life was organized, in order to show the relationship between Lu Xun and Feng Xuefeng, he once wanted to put it on display, but due to the historical situation at that time and the content of the thangka, it could not be exhibited. ”
In order to further understand this cultural relic, I also interviewed Comrade Feng Xiaxiong, the son of Mr. Xuefeng, who said: "I once heard my father tell me about this history. It was early 1936, they arrived in northern Shaanxi with the Long March of the Central Red Army, and soon my father received orders from the central authorities to be escorted by the central government as a commissioner to the demarcation site with Zhang Xueliang's northeast army garrison, to get in touch with Zhang Xueliang's troops, and Wang Yizhe, commander of the Sixty-seventh Army of the Northeast Army, sent his father to Nanjing, and finally to Shanghai to live in Lu Xun's home. Father said that at that time, as soon as he had the opportunity, he told Lu Xun in detail the story of the Red Army's twenty-five thousand-mile long march, and this gift that Xiao Yedan gave to his father should be a part of the story of the Long March told! ”
On December 23, 2008, the Lu Xun Museum in Beijing organized a cultural relics appraisal meeting, and Luo Wenhua, an expert in Tibetan Buddhism at the Palace Museum, was invited to the museum for appraisal. Mr. Zhou Haiying, Director Sun Yu, as well as the business staff of the Cultural Relics and Materials Department and after retirement, I also participated.
It is a cultural relic of Lu Xun, and it is also an attestation of the friendship between Feng Xuefeng and Lu Xun
This thangka is framed in a maroon log frame that is 84.4 cm high and 52.2 cm wide. The thangka measures 50.5 cm high and 34 cm wide. Wearing gloves, the staff carefully removed the thangka according to the instructions of researcher Luo Wenhua, and underneath the thangka was a framed light yellow patterned ayako. Researcher Luo carefully looked at each part of the thangka, and after reading it, he said that there must be a word on the back of the thangka. He asked the staff to turn the thangka over, and sure enough, there were five Sanskrit letters on the back. Researcher Luo then explained in detail to the participants the content of the thangka painting, its artistic style and its precious historical value.
He said: "This is a thangka called 'Great Achiever Dong Bi Ba', and its main painting is the story of the great achiever Dong Bi Ba (some translated into Dong Bi Ba, and also translated as Tsong bi ba, Gandi Ba, Dobi Ba) and Ming Fei riding a tiger to practice out of the mountain forest. The Great Achiever refers to the masters of ancient Indian history who specialized in tantra. According to tibetan historical tradition, the number of great achievers varies, the most common saying is eighty-four, and Dong bi pa ranks fourth..." Researcher Luo introduced the history of dong bi ba and its story in detail for the participants.
According to researcher Luo, the original of this thangka should also have a hard edge on it, and the edge of the inlay should have a dry branch. He said that this trim was sewn later, but why not? Researcher Luo looked at Mr. Hai Baby with a questioning look. Mr. Haiying replied, "When Mr. Xuefeng gave it to my father, it may have been like this, and if it was fringed, my father could not have removed it." ”
Researcher Luo Wenhua finally said: "In the Tibetan Buddhist cultural area, it is rare for people to give thangkas when interacting with each other, and only those who have very good relations will give thangkas as gifts. Moreover, this thangka is an ancient thangka, which is regarded as a holy relic in temples or Buddhist halls, and is generally not easily given away. The person who gives this kind of thangka must be an expression of great respect for the other party. It is relatively rare for friends to give 'Great Achiever Dong Bi Ba' thangka. ”
After listening to the expert's appraisal and introduction, Mr. HaiNian smiled, thanked the expert, and carefully examined the thangka again, gently touching the frame of the thangka with his hand. It can be imagined that At this time, Mr. Hai Baby must have had a lot of thoughts, and may return to the thirty years to reproduce the friendship of his fathers.
After listening to the introduction of Researcher Luo, I really understood and understood how many difficulties and obstacles Mr. Xuefeng had gone through in order to bring out the thangka given by Xiao Yedan as a precious object.
First of all, on the Long March Road, this thangka could be taken away, and under extremely helpless circumstances, it had to be removed from the hard edge of the thangka, rolled up the thangka, brought it to Yan'an in difficulty, and then protected by camouflage, before passing through layers of blockade lines, taking it to Shanghai and giving it to Lu Xun. Lu Xun also sincerely understood Mr. Xuefeng's true feelings, so Lu Xun used the most expensive mirror frame in the family and a very good ayako to install the Thangka and properly preserve it. More than seventy years later, Thangka is still as bright as ever, which truly records and reproduces the selfless and profound revolutionary friendship between Xuefeng and Lu Xun.
Xiao Yedan presented Xuefeng with a thangka, and once again wrote a continuation of the moving story of the "Yihai Love Alliance" left by Liu Bocheng's chief of general staff and Xiao Yedan's "blood alliance".
The two gentlemen talked about 14 questions about Lu Xun in a row for two nights
Luo Wenhua, an expert in Tibetan Buddhism, gave an incisive explanation of the name, history and value of this thangka; the ancestors have clearly informed and recorded the origin of this thangka and its circulation. It can be said that we already know the story of this thangka itself, but what we want to know more is the wonderful story of how Xiao Yedan gave this thangka to Mr. Xuefeng, but because there was no record left, the ancestors have left, which may be an eternal regret.
Fortunately, this thangka, which serves as a historical testimony, has still been preserved intact. She is not only a gift from ethnic minorities to the Red Army during the Long March, a record of the friendship between ethnic minority compatriots and the Red Army, but also a cultural relic of Lu Xun, and an attestator of the friendship between Feng Xuefeng and Lu Xun. This multiple records will make this cultural relic more of its unparalleled historical value.
After the founding of New China, Mr. Xuefeng, as Lu Xun's comrade-in-arms, an insider of Lu Xun's cause, a leader in the national publishing industry and the literary and art circles, was concerned about the work of Lu Xun Museum, from the first exhibition of Lu Xun Museum in the early days of its establishment to the revision of several exhibitions, Mr. Xuefeng personally participated in and put forward valuable opinions.
There is one thing that deserves to be told in particular:
It was 1972, Mr. Xuefeng returned to Beijing from the cadre school, and the comrades in the museum were eager to meet this close comrade of Lu Xun and listen to him talk about Lu Xun's deeds. To this end, I went to meet With Mr. Xuefeng, asked him that we would like to invite him to give a report, and provided him with an outline of his speech, which he gladly agreed to.
After returning to the museum, I made a report to the superior leaders at the time and applied to invite Mr. Xuefeng to come to the museum to make a report. The report was typed on, and the leader approved it: "I don't agree." I couldn't figure it out, I went to the leader of the bureau, and I said that Mr. Xuefeng had taken off his "rightist" hat ten years ago, so why couldn't I ask him to give a report? But the superior leaders still insisted. Helplessly, I had to go to Mr. Hu Yuzhi. After Listening to what I said, Elder Hu Was very angry. The old man said firmly, "I'll take Xuefeng with me." The date was chosen for December 25.
Finally, on December 25th, on the evening of that day, when it was particularly cold, Hu Yulao took Mr. Xuefeng to the museum by car. At that time, the entire business staff of the museum was crowded in a small reception room, waiting for the arrival of Mr. Xuefeng and Hu Yulao.
Mr. Xuefeng and Elder Hu Yulao helped each other into the reception room and were warmly welcomed by the participants. Our deputy director, Comrade Yang Yu, greeted us and arranged for the second elder to take a seat. There didn't seem to be any welcome words, nor was there a general politeness. The second elder gives people the feeling of being amiable and approachable. So the whole atmosphere was very homely and very harmonious. Thus began the lecture.
Mr. Xuefeng took the outline we gave him, came together, and talked about fourteen questions in total. Among them were "On the Civil Rights Protection League", "Mutual Masonic Society", "Lu Xun did not accept to go to the Soviet Union for recuperation in February and March 1936", "Li Lisan met with Lu Xun", "List of Lu Xun's Funeral Committee", "Lu Xun's Gift to Chairman Mao", "Fang Zhimin's "Lovely China" Manuscript Was Forwarded by Lu Xun", "Why "Several Important Issues" contained in the first volume and four issues of "Nightingale" was not included in the "Complete Works of Lu Xun", "The Relationship between Lu Xun and Ai Luo Xianke", "About the "Half Summer Collection", "Why did the Creation Society attack Lu Xun" "The dissolution of the 'Left League'", "On the Anti-War Congress", and so on. Every issue was discussed in depth, always by a gentleman and by a gentleman. In this way, combined with their experiences, the conversation is particularly vivid. They were energetic and talked endlessly for two nights, which opened the eyes of our juniors. These are some rare and precious historical materials, which will forever be recorded in the annals of Lu Xun's research.
During his serious illness, he endured illness and changed the draft, and his heart was concerned about Lu Xun's research
In order to make the material accurate and informative, many of our comrades who made records sent the materials of the report to them for revision after checking and sorting. The transcript was sorted out, but unfortunately at this time, Mr. Xuefeng suffered from lung cancer, was admitted to the Union Hospital, and soon underwent surgery, and when I went to see him, he said very apologetically: "The speech cannot be modified for the time being." Then he said with great certainty: "After I am discharged from the hospital, I will definitely seize the time to help you revise it." "Not a lot of words, but it is really touching.
At a time when cancer was threatening his life, he was still worried about the work promised to the museum. Then I learned that soon after he was discharged from the hospital, he took the illness to revise the speech. Until the summer of 1975, Mr. Xuefeng's condition began to deteriorate, and he continued to work in the sweltering summer heat. In Xuefeng's home, the whole family only lives in a house of more than 40 square meters in total, with a large room and a small house. In order to work quietly, he sat in a "hut" only one square meter in size separated by a cabinet and a curtain, and revised the record manuscript word by word.
In late August, he asked someone to come with a message and asked me to pick up the manuscript. On that day, the weather was particularly muggy. When I went to the gentleman's house, I saw that the gentleman's face was visibly emaciated, mentally exhausted, and he was struggling to speak. I looked at him, and then I looked at this densely revised manuscript, and my heart was very unhappy. Because at this time, his cancer has entered an advanced stage, and his physique appears to be very weak. At this time, he said to me in a hoarse voice: "Please add the words 'August 1975 revision' to the speech. Although the added words are a few, the weight is not ordinary, and the precious spirit of the old man's extreme responsibility for the work is poured here. Not only that, Mr. Xuefeng has always done his best to leave some valuable information for future generations during his serious illness, no matter who asks him for advice or asks relevant questions, he does his best to solve it seriously and extremely responsibly, silently overcoming the unbearable pain brought to him by cancer.
The last time I visited him was in November 1975, when my husband was still sitting in the "cabin" surrounded by curtains. At this time he spoke more strenuously and his voice became more hoarse. When I sat for about half an hour and was ready to get up and say goodbye, he insisted that I sit a little longer. At this time, he said with difficulty and seriousness: "There is one thing, I hope you can give clarification." ”
He said: "I have repeatedly thought that the 'secret reading room' introduced by Shi Yige is not like that at all, Lu Xun's library on Liyang Road is only a place to store books, and it is impossible to go there every night to read at night, because it is cold, dark, and there is no water to drink." I hope that when you have the opportunity, you will definitely correct this matter and not delay future generations again. He also said solemnly: "I think that as a researcher, we must first respect history and be loyal to history, otherwise we are not a historical materialist." "He said it so seriously, so meaningfully. I think these are the words he has been hiding in his heart for a long time. Today, when I look back on it, it still rings clearly in my ears. This is exactly what he, an old revolutionary predecessor, taught us lu xun researchers that I remember firmly.
After knowing that Mr. Xuefeng had lung cancer, in order to comfort him and make him pluck up the courage to defeat cancer, I once gave him a book "Is Cancer Invincible?" The book introduces some examples of defeating cancer, and also explains the process of cancer development. After Mr. Xuefeng died, I went to visit Master He Aiyu's mother. The master said: "I don't know who gave him a book, so that he knew the development of his illness." In order to strive for a little more working hours, he asked for more time for electrotherapy in the case of physical support. "I felt a pang of pain in my heart after listening to it, and regretted why I had sent such a book to my husband, which made him more painful.
All this made me see that there is a force that makes this man, after suffering all kinds of political, ideological, and physical torture, still so tenacious and so persistently loyal to his cause, which can only be a firm communist conviction that has been hidden in his heart from beginning to end, so that as a junior, I sincerely admire.
On January 31 this year, the 46th anniversary of his death, I would like to pay tribute to him in this article.
In the summary, Ding Ling's words are quoted from "Mourning Xuefeng", published in the "Feng Xuefeng Memorial Collection" published by the People's Literature Publishing House in 2003