"Being close to China is the only way out for Myanmar", this statement looks like Chinese made up by himself, but it is not, this is a real feeling in the hearts of Burmese people, and this sentence is not a tail wagging to China and begging for mercy, but a desperate declaration of a lonely hero.
Myanmar, one of the least developed countries in the world, poverty is a problem that every Burmese needs to face.
Located in the western part of the Indochina Peninsula, with China in the same water, emotionally close to China, but this is not the reason why Burmese people choose China politically, especially in modern times, Myanmar has also turned its face to China.
In 1886, China was forced to sign the Sino-British Treaty of Burma with britain, recognizing British dominance over Burma.
Although Burma is not China's territory since ancient times, nor has it exercised the actual "suzerainty" rights over Burma, the British have done a solid job in legitimizing their rule over Burma through war.
But British rule in Burma, in 1940, was broken by the appearance of a man.
In 1940, in order to fight for Burmese independence, Aung San, the secretary of the Burmese Communist Party, decided to seek help from foreign forces.
On August 8, under the pseudonym Tang Longxiang, he secretly went to Xiamen to contact the Chinese Communist Party, and on the 24th, Aung San had just arrived at Gulangyu Island, and before he could contact the Chinese Communist Party, he was intercepted by the Japanese secret service that had been paying close attention to his whereabouts.
Under the coercion and inducement of the Japanese secret service, Aung San did not show the dignity of the national liberation people and the leader of the Communist Party, and instead decided to take the sword and take the side and cooperate with Japan, which was at the beginning of the war in Asia.
It is reasonable to say that according to Japan's personality before the defeat, Burma should be swallowed directly, rather than turning around a bend to support local forces to make independence, and Japan should not be so kind.
In fact, Japan is really not so kind, and it is indeed a helpless move to do so.
Not long ago, the victory in the Battle of Wuhan did not bring Japan a lot of war gains, but dragged them into the quagmire of protracted war, and with the end of the Battle of Wuhan, Japan's front line was extended, and Japan would face a long defensive line formed by the nationalist government retreating to Chongqing and the Communist-controlled Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, which was built according to China's second-tier terrain.
The already insufficient troops, the extension of the front line has increased the difficulty of Japan's annexation of China.
Not only that, the Communists' enemy rear base areas successfully reduced the territory actually controlled by the Japanese army to counties, large cities, and no more than a few kilometers around the lines of communication.
This means that the benefits of Japan's occupation of China are basically negative, and the war is dragged into a state of stalemate that the Japanese army does not want to enter.
As an island country, after the Battle of Wuhan, Japan's entire country was already a foreign power.
Japan had to change its original strategy from "northward" to "southward," which included not only southern China and Southeast Asia, but also the Indochina Peninsula.
The terrain of the Indochina Peninsula is also quite special, the middle is divided by the remnants of the Hengduan Mountains, vietnam, Laos, and Thailand in the east are invaded by the Japanese army, and as for Burma on the other side of the mountain, the Japanese army is completely unable to invade and occupy, and can only be supported.
The conditions for support are also quite simple: strike Britain.
This condition forms the basis of Aung San and Tiger's skin: both sides have the same enemies.
In fact, Britain does not have any direct hatred with Japan, the possibility of a vendetta between the two countries that are one hundred and eighteen thousand miles away from the mainland is basically zero, even if there is a vendetta, it is only a small dispute in the colonies, and it is impossible to commit such a target by Japan, and the reason why Japan has done this is actually related to Britain's assistance to China, and the passage of this aid is precisely the road from Burma to southwest China.
I have to say that Aung San is really politically minded, and at this time he was only 25 years old, and he dared to survive in the cracks of the great power game.
After receiving assistance from the Japanese army, Aung San established the Burmese Independence Army to clear and suppress the British forces in Burma, and occasionally attacked Japan on the Burma Road, which was the beginning of the Sino-Burmese feud.
Because of his military campaign against the British colonial government, Aung San began to be called the "Father of the Nation" by the Burmese people, but despite this, he was expelled from the Communist Party of Burma.
On the other hand, Japan, which went south, captured a large number of small Southeast Asian countries at the fastest speed and plundered a large number of resources, which not only relieved the country, but also fiercely supplied blood to the army.
In December 1941, in order to accelerate the aggression against Southeast Asia, the Japanese military believed that all other imperialist powers in Southeast Asia should be swept away as soon as possible.
On December 7, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in the United States, and Japan, which drank and quenched its thirst, did not consider the consequences, but instead invaded the Philippines, Thailand, Malaya, Guam, Hong Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, the Solomon Islands and other places in the following month.
This infuriated the United States, which had always remained neutral in World War II, declared war on Japan on the same day, and the allied Britain also declared war on Japan, and it was also on this day that the Nationalist government officially declared war on Japan.
On January 4, 1942, japan freed up its hands to start attacking Burma, while repulsing the British army and approaching the area controlled by Aung San, Japan gave Aung San two choices, one was that the Japanese army destroyed him by hand, and the other was to follow the Japanese army, and would not treat him badly in the future.
Aung San didn't even think about it and chose the first one.
He understood that this was the price of fighting with the tiger, and the Burmese Independence Army became the Burmese version of the Imperial Allied Army, which was escorted by the main force of the Japanese army and began to fight against the Burma Road guarded by the British army.
It has to be said that the Japanese army's roundabout strategy was used very successfully this time, and the Nationalist government did not expect that the Japanese army would start to use troops against China from the rear of the southwest border.
The Burma Highway can be said to be the few remaining passages for the National Government to receive aid, and once it is lost, the National Government will fall into a situation of no material support, which is equivalent to losing the most important supply line for the National Government, which has lost a large amount of china's hinterland.
So in 1942, the Chinese Expeditionary Force marched into Burma, and with the assistance of Aung San, the Japanese army seized on the shortcomings of the expeditionary force's unfamiliar terrain and launched one battle after another, resulting in more than half of the expeditionary force dying in a foreign country.
Aung San is essentially a political opportunist; he listened to the advice of the Communist forces in Southeast Asia to seek help from the Communist forces such as the Sino-Soviet Union, but under the coercion and inducement of Japan, he turned to the Japanese.
In order to be close to Japan, Aung San not only did not treat the Chinese expeditionary army prisoners kindly, but treated them with harsher methods than the Japanese army, and in the end, the 1500 wounded of the Chinese expeditionary force did not want to be humiliated by the captivity, and they set themselves on fire in the early morning of May 21 of the same year, ending with hatred.
In 1943, when the Japanese army occupied all of Burma, the Japanese army greatly appreciated Aung San's hard work, and then Aung San was hired as minister of defense, and he gladly accepted the post.
To appease Aung San, Japan helped him expand his Burmese Independence Army, and the title of "General Aung San" was derived.
In 1944, after the United States entered the war, Japan was gradually defeated in the Pacific Theater, and Aung San saw Japan's defeat and re-contact with the Burmese Communist Party.
Through the bridge between the Burmese Communist Party, Aung San found the former enemy of the British government, and after consultation between the two sides, held the inaugural meeting of the anti-fascist league on August 23.
Aung San was transformed into an anti-fascist league.
On 27 March 1945, with British armed support, he defected to Japan, and in August of the same year, Aung San usurped the presidency of the Anti-Fascist League.
In the world pattern of World War II, Aung San flipped and moved, two sides and three knives, but it has to be said that he played the bottom line to the extreme, used a shady political trick, obtained a large number of rights, and after obtaining the rights, promoted the independence of Myanmar.
On September 7, 1945, after the defeat of the Japanese army, the Allies entered Burma to restore British rule in Burma, and Aung San was forced to surrender military power and enter politics like a tiger with its teeth pulled out.
In 1946, when British rule in Burma was opposed by a large number of people, Aung San proposed burmese independence to the British, and Aung San's prestige was unprecedentedly high.
On February 12 of the following year, in order to further promote the overall independence of Myanmar, Aung San set out to solve the ethnic problems within Myanmar, and on behalf of the Myanmar headquarters and the mountainous ethnic minority areas, he signed the "Panglong Agreement" in Panglong with respect for the independent autonomy of ethnic minorities and the joint establishment of an independent Myanmar by the Myanmar headquarters and ethnic minority areas.
On July 19 of the same year, at the behest of the British, the Burmese conservative U Su sent assassins to kill Aung San in the conference room, and although Burma was independent, it also succeeded in entering a situation of various factions fighting according to the British vision.
And Aung San's death also makes it difficult to unify people's evaluation of him.
For Myanmar, Aung San is worthy of the name of "Father of the Nation", manipulating power techniques with a slight body, implementing his original intention, in exchange for Burmese independence, from an international perspective, he is more like Cao Cao's adulterous male, the traitor is like loyalty, both practicing righteousness and satisfying his desire for power.
To this day, we still can't put a coffin for Aung San, whether it is a national hero who asks for the people's life, or a traitor who wants to regain the rights stolen by the British, Aung San from every angle has his support point.
The year Aung San died, Aung San's daughter, the contemporary Burmese supreme leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, was only two years old.
On January 4, 1948, Burma became independent, and after Aung San's death, Vice Chairman U Nu took over as Chairman of the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League and Prime Minister of the Provisional Government, and after the independence of Burma, U Nu took over as the first Prime Minister of the Cabinet.
By February 1950, under the offensive of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, some units of the Nationalist 8th Army and the 26th Army were defeated in batches and retreated to northern Burma, and the situation in Burma began to be turbulent.
In March, Myanmar submitted an application to the United Nations, and the Taiwanese side was under pressure to take back some troops, but the main force of the army has always wandered in the Golden Triangle region, attacking China's Yunnan from time to time to share the pressure for the United States on the battlefield of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
The great power game, the suffering of small countries, the rebellion of ethnic minorities in northern Myanmar, the wandering of the remnants of the Chinese Nationalist Party have made the situation in burma unstable, rice exports have declined, the economy has declined, and U Nu has been crowned with the title of "incompetence to govern the country".
Nevertheless, Wu Nu maintained friendly relations with new China, visited China many times, and said that he was impressed by premier Zhou's personality.
By the 1980s, the junta was still living in the hearts of the people, and unrest, protests, poverty, and drugs had become a daily routine in Myanmar.
In March 1988, Aung San Suu Kyi returned to Myanmar to take care of her seriously ill mother, coinciding with the "8888 Democracy Movement", more than 200 people were killed in the suppression of the military government, and many victims, radicals and retired senior military officers, hearing of her return, asked her to come out and directly lead the resistance movement.
On August 26, in a crowded audience of nearly a million people, Aung San Suu Kyi's first speech impressed everyone present, and from that moment on, she was pushed to the cusp of the storm against political leaders, and on that day, the people of Burma thought they had ushered in a new "Father of the Aung San Nation."
But there is no foundation, only the blood and tears of the proletarian can not complete the revolution, although Aung San Suu Kyi set up her own party, but in the eyes of the military government that holds the power of the country, it is still a lamb to be slaughtered.
In 1990, the Burmese general election, Aung San Suu Kyi won by a landslide, according to common sense she should serve as president, but the election in the hands of the military government is only a process to satisfy the sense of ceremony, on the same day, the military government announced that the election results were invalid, and the party led by Aung San Suu Kyi was an illegal organization.
Over the next 20 years, Aung San Suu Kyi was imprisoned, but never gave up.
In 2013, the Myanmar government released all political prisoners and actively integrated into the international community, as if Myanmar was about to usher in the dawn, but the armed conflict of ethnic minorities in northern Myanmar is still a piece of Myanmar's heart disease, and the contradictions between ethnic groups have become indisputable for many years.
On March 15, 2016, the general election went smoothly, and although some old forces used small means to make Aung San Suu Kyi, who won the election, the president, but Aung San Suu Kyi and a series of other new forces joined the political arena strongly, and the old forces had to give in.
Since 2016, myanmar's new government has continuously responded to China's "Belt and Road Strategy" to boost the economy, relying on China's help, Myanmar has indeed come out of certain economic difficulties, especially in 2020, China-Myanmar relations are about to usher in great improvement.
On April 28, 2020, China spent 12 years to open the Dazhu Mountain Tunnel in the Hengduan Mountains.
The tunnel, which has six geological fault zones, five karst development sections and three folded structures within 14.5 kilometers, is known as the most difficult tunnel in the world to dig, and China's opening of the Great Pillar Mountain is like a pinhole in the densest wrinkle on the earth.
With this "pinhole", many of China's hinterland goods can be transferred to Kunming, and then unimpeded to Ruili, China, the westernmost tip of Yunnan, a small town protruding into Myanmar.
After Ruili passes through customs, goods can enter ports in the Indian Ocean directly along Myanmar's railways, rather than taking the US-controlled Strait of Malacca into the Indian Ocean.
Under the overall pattern of the global epidemic impacting the economy, the Trade War between China and the United States seems to have become no longer mainstream, but the unfair competition between the United States and China has been continuing, and now an opportunity to bypass the U.S.-controlled HNA pass is in front of China, and China is bound to carefully consider its relationship with Myanmar.
From the Qing government's conquest of the Burmese army to the Nationalist government expeditionary force, to the remnants of the Kuomintang army to the People's Liberation Army, Burma and the Chinese army have been entangled for more than a century, and love and hate are no longer a matter of clear boundaries.
Historical and geographical factors are intertwined, just like the Feelings of the Burmese people toward China, ambiguous and indistinct.
Myanmar has always been poor and weak, caught in the game between China and the major powers, unable to escape, even if it closes itself to escape the game between the great powers, and because it can not handle its own domestic affairs, it needs to integrate into the international community, and it has to face civil strife again after recovering.
On February 1, 2021, Aung San Suu Kyi was detained by the military, and after the military fabricated charges, Aung San Suu Kyi was sentenced to 2 years in prison in December of that year and 4 years in prison on 10 January 2022.
The resurgence of military power verifies, on the one hand, that Myanmar is still in a mixed stage of factional struggle, and on the other hand, that Myanmar is unable to maintain a peaceful and stable social status quo.
At this time, Myanmar wanted to introduce Chinese power, and it was planned to attract a layer of disasters.
Ruili, in China's Yunnan Province, faces the most complex ethnic minority region in northern Myanmar, and although the ethnic origins here are traced back to the same origins as the ethnic minorities in Yunnan, whether this area can serve as an export port for Chinese goods as a fundamental factor in decades of civil unrest remains a mystery.
If a high degree of cooperation is reached, even if China has always insisted on not interfering in the internal affairs of other countries, but there is turmoil in the port, 99% of China will send troops to peacekeepe, which is also in response to Myanmar's request for China's intervention.
That is to say, myanmar sincerely needs China's help in development, but when the Burmese authorities, which are unable to maintain stability, hope that when the two sides cooperate, China can provide armed support other than normal cooperation.
It has to be said that Myanmar's wishes are like the political means of Aung San in those years, full of the bitterness and cunning of small people.