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1． gasoline engine
There is no doubt that Japan's Mitsubishi has almost monopolized the supply of gasoline engines for all its own brand cars that cannot produce its own engines. Mitsubishi Corporation, which did not have a high market share in China's vehicle market, was matched by Mr. Yang Rong, a giant in the Chinese automotive industry at that time, and set up Aerospace Mitsubishi in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, in 1997 and Dongan Mitsubishi in Harbin, Heilongjiang in 1998, producing gasoline engines with medium and small displacement, which were supporting Hafei, Southeast, Brilliance and other companies at that time. With the rise of Chery, Geely, Brilliance, BYD and other independent brands around 1999, in the case that they could not produce their own engines at the beginning of their construction, the performance of the two engine companies invested by Mitsubishi in China improved by leaps and bounds, and they really made a lot of money.
According to incomplete statistics, the models using Dongan Mitsubishi engines are: BYD F3, Brilliance Junjie, Southeast Lanser, Lingyue, Xiwang, Hafei Racing, Racing Leopard, Zotye 5008, Fengxing Jingyi, Changfeng Feiteng...
Models using Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi engines are: BYD F6, Brilliance Zunchi, Junjie, Jinbei Haishi, Chery Son of the Orient, Ford Quanshun, JIANGHUAI Binyue, Shanghai British TX4, Emgrand EC8, Southeast Lingyue, Junge, Gelan, Jiangling Landwind, Haima 3, Liuqi Fengxing MPV, Changfeng Cheetah, Great Wall Haval, Jiayu, Huatai Traka, Beiqi Yusheng, Cavalier, Foton Montpak, Scenery, Zhengzhou Nissan Odin, ZTE Infinity, Weihu, Shuguang Auror, Qisheng...
2． diesel engine
When it comes to light diesel engines, Isuzu is undoubtedly the king. The Japanese diesel engine and commercial vehicle giant established Qingling Motors in Chongqing, Sichuan, China, and Jiangling Motors in Chongqing, Sichuan, and Nanchang, Jiangxi, respectively, as early as 1984 and 1985, and began to produce Isuzu pickup trucks, light trucks and the accompanying 4JB1 engines. With the off-line of light passengers such as Ford Transit and Futian Scenery, Isuzu Engine has found a blue ocean in the light passenger market. At present, almost all of China's pickup trucks, light trucks, and diesel engines used on light passengers are procured from Isuzu or produced using Isuzu technology.
In terms of heavy-duty diesel engines, the American Cummins Company is the leader. The American independent engine manufacturer has established 4 companies in China in terms of machine production alone: Dongfeng Cummins, Xi'an Cummins, Chongqing Cummins, Foton Cummins, and the supporting scope covers heavy truck enterprises such as Dongfeng, Shaanxi Automobile Heavy Truck, Chongqing Iron Horse, Foton Auman, yutong, Jinlong, Youth, Zhongtong and other bus companies, as well as construction machinery enterprises such as Sany Heavy Industry, Zoomlion and XCMG. It can be said that Cummins almost monopolizes China's high-end heavy-duty diesel engine market.
3． EFI system
In order to meet the increasingly stringent emission requirements of China's ZF, all vehicles currently produced in China must be equipped with an EFI system. Germany's Bosch, the United States Delphi, Japan's Denso (belonging to the Toyota Group) almost monopolized all of China's EFI market share, of which the German Bosch market share is the largest, more than 60%.
From independent brands to foreign brands, cars to trucks, from gasoline cars to diesel cars, Chinese consumers contribute thousands of yuan in profits to the above three foreign companies for every car they buy.
4． Heavy-duty transmission
Eaton in the United States and ZF in Germany not only control the development and sales of heavy-duty transmissions worldwide, but also almost monopolize the Chinese heavy-duty transmission market. As early as the beginning of China's reform and opening up in the 1980s, Eaton and ZF transferred the heavy-duty transmission manufacturing technology to Shaanxi Automobile Manufacturing Factory and Sichuan Automobile Manufacturing Factory for a fee, respectively, for the Steyr heavy-duty truck models introduced at the same time, and the two later evolved into the two major hegemons of China's heavy-duty transmission market: Fast and Qijiang Gear (Qijiang County is Fengjie's hometown, Wow Ka Ka).
Now, both international transmission giants have set up factories in China. In 1997, Eaton of the United States set up a factory in Shanghai to produce heavy-duty truck transmissions, focusing on the high-end market; in 2003, it established Eaton Fast Gear (Xi'an) Co., Ltd., a joint venture with Fast and Xiang Torch, which supported Sinotruk, Dongfeng, FAW, Foton and other manufacturers; in 2004, faw eton transmission Co., Ltd. was established as a joint venture with FAW, mainly supporting the liberation of heavy trucks.
In 1998, ZF of Germany set up a wholly-owned factory in Suzhou to produce transmissions for buses, in 2004 it set up a joint venture with SAIC motor to produce transmissions for cars, in 2005 it set up a wholly-owned factory in Hangzhou to produce transmissions for trucks, and in 2010 it achieved a joint venture with its long-term partner Qijiang Gear to further expand the low-end market.
No matter how fierce the competition in China's heavy-duty truck market and how the profit margin declines, the two foreign companies lurking behind the scenes, Eaton and ZF, will secretly laugh and reap the profits.
5． Sedan transmission
Aisin, the world's largest manufacturer of automatic transmissions and the world's fifth-largest auto parts company, has extended its tentacles to all corners of China's automotive industry. In 1996, Tangshan Aixin Gear Co., Ltd. was established as a joint venture to produce manual transmissions, which became a wholly foreign-owned enterprise in 2003, and in 2004, Tianjin Aida Automatic Transmission Co., Ltd. was established as a joint venture to produce automatic transmissions.
According to my incomplete statistics, the foreign brands that use Aisin transmissions are: Porsche, Hummer, Lexus, Volvo, Jeep, Mitsubishi, Mazda, Hyundai, Kia, Suzuki, Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Isuzu, Hino, Daihatsu...
The joint venture brands using Aisin transmissions are: Shanghai GM, Shanghai Volkswagen, FAW-Volkswagen, FAW Audi, Beijing Benz, Dongfeng Peugeot, Dongfeng Citroen, FAW Toyota, GAC Toyota, Changan Suzuki...
The independent brands using Aisin Transmission are: BYD, Southeast, Great Wall, Brilliance, Changan, MG, Roewe, FAW Besturn, Dongfeng Fengshen, GAC Trumpchi...
6． Automotive interior and exterior components
The multinational parts giants represented by Johnson Controls, Delphi (formerly General Motors Parts Division), Visteon (formerly Ford Auto Parts Division), and France Faurecia not only manufacture interior and exterior components such as seats, instrument panels, armrests, door interiors, roof interiors, bumpers, headlights, wipers, air conditioners and other interior and exterior components for domestic automakers, but also participate in the design of interiors and exteriors at the beginning of model design. These companies design and manufacture interior and exterior components for almost all domestic passenger car manufacturers.
7． Sunroof system
From the high-end Rolls-Royce and Bentley to the low-end Chery and Xiali, the sunroof used in the car is actually from the same company - The German Webasster. The German Webasde obtained the first sunroof patent in 1936 and now has a global market share of more than 70% of automotive sunroofs. Webasto supplies almost all domestic joint venture brands and independent brands.
8． tyre
From the low-end Kumho and Hankook in South Korea, to the mid-range Goodyear in the United States, Pirelli in Italy, Dunlop in the United Kingdom, Bridgestone, YukleHoma, and then to the high-end French Michelin, all of them are all foreign capital. The market for domestic tires is mostly limited to mini cars and commercial vehicles. Such as the New Triangle.
9． Car exterior design
Not only are there four major accounting firms in the world, but there are also four in the field of automotive design: Broadcom, Pininfarina, Georgiaro, Idedia, and these four companies from Italy have designed the appearance of all major automotive companies in the world.
Broadcom has always been a stable partner of Lamborghini, Fiat and Maserati; Pininfarina has become close friends with Ferrari, almost monopolizing all ferrari product design, and in the early 1950s, it also produced 27,000 Alfa Romeo Giulietta models, and GM was also its regular customer, asking Pinnifana to design the Buick Lido50, Cadillac convertible, Chevrolet Lumina MPV, the second generation of Daewoo Traveler (that is, the domestic Buick Kaiyue) and other models The famous Georgiaro has designed many classic models such as Volkswagen Golf, Passat, Audi 80, Bugatti, Seat, Fiat Panda, Punta, Uno, Lancia Delta and so on.
In 1996, Pininfarina successfully designed the "Zhongyi" micro-surface for Hafei Automobile, marking the beginning of the world's four major markets to enter the Chinese market. Pininfarina has successively designed Hafei Sai Leopard, Lu Bao, JAC Tongyue, Chery A3 and M14, Changfeng Feiteng, etc.; Georgiaro's works include Brilliance Zunchi, Junjie, FAW Benten, Dongfeng Fengshen H30, etc.; Ideia has the first generation of Buick LaCrosse, Land Fengfeng, Chang'an CM8, Ben Ben and Haima 3 and other works have come out one after another; Broadcom works are few, and at present, only Changhe Ideal and Chery Ruilin G6 are present. Since 2004, they have simply set up branches in China, and currently one-third of Pininfarina's business comes from China, and Idedia's Chinese business accounts for 40% of total revenue.
10． Engine design
Austria AVL, German FEV, British Ricardo are the world's three independent engine design companies today, coupled with the Italian VM focusing on the field of diesel engines, the four companies monopolize the domestic independent brand engine design.
At present, AVL's customers in China mainly include: Chery, Weichai, Xichai, Dachai, Shangchai, Yunnei and so on.
The Italian VM company, which is located in the same city as Ferrari, Lamborghini and Maserati, has supplied engines for Range Rover, Rover 800 and Alfa Romeo in the last century. Since 2004, Jiangling, Huatai, Changfeng, Great Wall and SAIC have successively purchased VM's diesel engine manufacturing technology and key production equipment and began to produce their own diesel engines.
German FEV began selling engine technology to Guangxi Yuchai as early as the 1980s, and its main customers in China at present include: FAW, SAIC, Brilliance, Lufeng, Yuchai, Yunnei and so on.
The British Ricardo began to supply diesel engines to London buses and French Citroën as early as the 1930s, and in recent years, the main achievements have been the design of DSG transmissions for the Audi R8 and Bugatti Veyron, helped BMW optimize the K1200 series moto engine, helped McLaren design its first engine M838T, and so on. At present, Ricardo's customers in China include: FAW, SAIC, Great Wall, Lifan and so on.
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