East-west juxtaposition, south-facing layout, multiple courtyard structures... In the west of Chen Xiao Village, Yujia County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, a settlement from the Warring States to the Han Dynasty was found, and the remains of a large building with multiple sets of courtyard structures, a pottery workshop and a cemetery were cleared. This discovery is an important archaeological discovery in Xinxiang City in recent years, and is of great significance for the study of the historical evolution of Hanoi County in the Han Dynasty.
At present, archaeologists have revealed that the remains of the building are multiple courtyard structures, facing south, distributed in the range of 63 meters long from east to west and 25 meters wide from north to south, with an area of nearly 1600 square meters. At the same time, it can be confirmed that there are at least two east-west side courtyards, with north-south roads between the courtyards. The courtyard is a courtyard in the middle, surrounded by rammed earth walls and row houses, and some of the outer areas have cloisters. The best-preserved courtyard No. 1, the courtyard is empty, the plan is east-west rectangular, with a total area of 160 square meters. A small house was also found in the northwestern part of the compound, which archaeologists speculate is the genus of the porter.
The large courtyard complex discovered this time coexists with the surrounding pottery kilns or has a slight relationship between morning and evening, but mainly concentrated in the late Warring States period to the early Han Dynasty. Experts said that the courtyard is large in scale, the pottery kiln is widely distributed, the number of brick and tile utensils produced is extremely large, and the design and planning of the pottery kiln and the ditch are fully utilized, so it is afraid that it is not able to be operated by the people, and it is very likely that it is an official workshop of the Wei state. The Qin burial custom of the Qin people in Shaanxi appeared in the tombs of the late Warring States period, which can be corroborated with the documentary record that Wei ceded the land to Qin and then returned to Qin jurisdiction.
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Approaching the Spring Festival, Xinxiang archaeology ushered in new discoveries. On January 25, a reporter from Henan Business Daily learned from the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology that a settlement from the Warring States to the Han Dynasty was found in the west of Chen Xiao Village, Yujia County, Xinxiang, and a large building remnant of multiple sets of courtyard structures, a pottery workshop and a cemetery was cleared.
According to Li Huiping, director of the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Xinxiang City, the remains of the buildings that have been exposed so far are multiple courtyard structures, with a south-facing layout, distributed in the range of 63 meters long from east to west and 25 meters wide from north to south, with an area of nearly 1600 square meters.
At the same time, it can be confirmed that there are at least two east-west side courtyards, with north-south roads between the courtyards. The courtyard is a courtyard in the middle, surrounded by rammed earth walls and row houses, and some of the outer areas have cloisters.
In the remains, 2 courtyards side by side were found, of which Courtyard 1 is the best preserved, the courtyard is empty, rectangular in an east-west direction, with a total area of 160 square meters, and there is a small house in the northwest of the courtyard, which archaeologists speculate as a gatehouse.
A pottery firing area was found on the outskirts of the courtyard, with a total of 7 pottery kilns and 4 sinks, and a large number of pottery-related tools appeared, including circular pottery turntables, pottery auctions, pottery prints, etc.
Li Huiping speculated that this was most likely an official workshop in the State of Wei. The Qin burial custom of the Qin people in Shaanxi appeared in the tombs of the late Warring States period, which can be corroborated with the documentary record that Wei ceded the land to Qin and then returned to Qin jurisdiction.
This discovery is an important archaeological discovery in Xinxiang City in recent years, and is of great significance for the study of the historical evolution of Hanoi County in the Han Dynasty.
In addition, according to Li Huiping, because the ground has been destroyed, the preservation of the underground is not very good, and the site has been landfilled.
In addition, in 2021, Luoyang archaeology found that the courtyard of the Zhengpingfang site may be the residence of the Taiping Princess.
After two years of archaeological excavations, the archaeology of the Zhengpingfang site in Luoyang City of Sui and Tang Dynasties has made significant progress, and several courtyard remains have been found in the workshop, which archaeologists speculate are the residence of Princess Taiping of Tang, the Confucius Temple, and the Guozijian.
The ruins of Zhengpingfang are located at the junction of Zhao Village and Xigang Village in Anle Town, Luolong District, Luoyang City, and during the Tang Dynasty, this square was on the east side of the Dingding Gate, which was a very important and representative Lifang in Luoyang City. In addition to the Confucius Temple, the Guozijian, the Taiping Princess Residence, etc., there are also the Bingbu Shangshu Li Yixiu Residence, Henan Yin Pei Yuan's Residence, etc.
Sui and Tang Luoyang City is the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In order to provide the necessary basis for the protection of Luonanlifang District and promote the protection and display and utilization of sites in Luoyang Chengfang District of Sui and Tang Dynasties, since May 2020, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Luoyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other units have jointly carried out continuous archaeological excavations on Zhengpingfang and made significant progress.
According to the excavation results, the four to four squares of ZhengpingFang are basically clear, with an east-west width of 464.6 meters, a north-south length of 533.6 meters, and a wall width of about 1.3 to 1.4 meters. The general location of the north and south gates is clear. The location, width and preservation of the three avenues outside the square, namely the cross street road and the south (Yongtongmen Street), the east and the north street outside the square, are clear. Among them, the east-west street in the square is about 10 meters wide, and the north-south street is about 8.7 meters wide; the Yongtongmen Street and the east side street on the south side of Zhengpingfang are about 71.7 meters wide, and the north side street is 33.4 meters wide. Archaeologists found ruts on the streets, and you can imagine the scene of the traffic at that time.
Shi Zishe, head of the Luoyang Tangcheng Task Force of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, introduced that they found a large courtyard in the western half of Zhengpingfang, which is a large courtyard layout of symmetrical multi-entry in the central axis, with a width of about 225 meters from east to west, a depth of about 535 meters from north to south, the width of the north wall and the east wall of the courtyard is significantly wider than the square wall, and the north wall exceeds the square wall by 2.1 meters. On the north-south axis of the house center, five large rammed earth buildings were found on the foundation site of the platform, as well as the remains of the attached courtyard wall and gallery. Combined with the literature, it should be the location of the Taiping Princess's residence, that is, the location of the later Anguo Female Taoist Temple.
In addition, the complex of buildings found in the southeast corner of Zhengpingfang is likely to be a group of official buildings, part of the Guozijian and Confucius Temples. Among them, the southern area is the gate site, and the northern area is the main building, especially the large rammed earth building that has not yet been excavated, which is large in volume and rigorous in layout, and is an important hall-style building.
Zhao Xiaojun, president of the Luoyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, told reporters that the Zhengpingfang site is a vivid example of the square system in the capital of the Tang Dynasty, and the pattern of the Dingzi Street connecting the north and south square gates seen in the excavation, as well as the symmetrical and multi-entry courtyard layout of the central axis, embodies the traditional urban planning ideas of ancient China. This archaeological excavation is of great value to the study of the history of the political system and social life of the Tang Dynasty.