Outside the long pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is green
The evening wind blows the willow flute, and the sunset is outside the mountain
The end of the sky, the corner of the earth, the knowledge of the half-scattered
Life is rare to be together, only to be separated
Ask jun when to go back, and when he comes, don't linger
A pot of turbidity sprinkled with joy, don't dream cold this evening
This "Farewell" was created by Li Shutong in 1914, and almost everyone in China knows it. Many people may not know the name of Li Shutong, but most of them have heard and sung this song.
The lyrics belong to the gentle school, fresh and elegant, sincere and sincere, poignant and feminine, of which the painting is poetic and poetic, and it complements each other perfectly. After a hundred years, it is still the only classic in the farewell poem.
Born in 1888, Li Shutong's family runs a salt industry and a money house, and is a huge rich man in Tianjin. The first half of his life was a talented man, and the second half of his life was a high monk. In China's century-old cultural history, Li Shutong is recognized as a generalist and prodigy.
Whether it is music, drama, calligraphy, painting or poetry, he is a first-class master, an all-round master, the originator of modern Chinese art, and an artistic giant of "Twenty Articles Shocking the Sea". He was the pioneer of China's new cultural movement, the first to introduce oil painting, piano, and drama to China, and he was good at calligraphy, poetry, Danqing, music, and jinshi, and was a god-like existence in the entire academic community at that time.
Mr. Feng Zikai, the comic we are familiar with, is the proud disciple of Li Shutong. However, when his fame reached its peak, he chose to abandon his wife and son, fled into the empty door, and from then on he practiced asceticism for half a life, leaving the world with an unfathomable mystery.
Master Koichi's "Poetry of the Book"
[Interpretation] The past has passed, and the future does not need to be considered. Only this day is the present sentence, and the plum is fragrant when it is ripe.
Uncle Li's father was a jinshi of the Qing Dynasty for four years, and he was once the head of the bureaucracy, and later his son inherited his father's business and became a huge wealth in Jinmen. When Uncle Li was five years old, his father died, allowing the young Uncle Li to see life and death prematurely. Being in a rich house, but sometimes there is a sense of disillusionment in the impermanence of the world. In addition, Uncle Li is also a son in the family, and after the death of his father, his identity is embarrassing, so he has been sensitive and reticent since he was a child.
When he was 15 years old when he read the "Zuo Zhuan" and "The Essence of Han History", he once wrote sentences such as "Life is like the day of the Western Mountains, and wealth is like frost on the grass". In the heart of the young Li Shutong, he already had a thought about the prosperity and desolation of the world, so he gradually lost interest in the "right karma" taught by Mr. Li, but instead had a strong interest in the "untouchable karma" singing at that time. The variety of life in the opera is undoubtedly more attractive to the young and precocious Li Shutong.
Li Shutong was very fond of the handsome Yang Cuixi at that time, and went to the theater every day to celebrate, which was the beginning of the young man's love, but Yang Cuixi was later sold to the official family, and Li Shutong also married the daughter of the tea merchant on the orders of his mother. Feelings are not smooth, Li Shutong is no longer concerned about family affairs, his brother gave him 300,000 yuan to let him settle down and buy a house, and he spent most of this huge money on art.
At that time, the country was worried about internal and external troubles, and people with lofty ideals were eager to change and strive to be strong, and when the reform and change of law arose, Li Shutong was enthusiastic, and carved the seal "Nanhai Kangliang is my teacher" and preached the change of law everywhere. Who would have thought that the mighty restoration method would only exist for more than a hundred days. Seeing that the newly gained power of the Restoration Party had died and fled, the shadow of the impermanence of the world once again hung over Li Shutong's sensitive heart.
So Uncle Li imitated Liu Yong, between the teahouses and restaurants, indulging in sex and escaping from reality. His family was solid, generous, and had contacts with many literati and prostitutes. At the age of 20, he moved to Xu Xianyuan's home "Chengnan Caotang" and formed a friendship with Yuan Xilian, Xu Xianyuan, Cai Xiaoxiang and Zhang Xiaolou, known as the "Five Friends of Tianya", which was very cunning.
Master Hongyi's "Five Words"
【Interpretation】Mr. Misin has a way; when is the bright moon? Ask the wine to Qingtian; Otomi, Guangping.
It was in this fireworks and willow alley, the sound and color of the dog and horse for a few years, let him have a deeper understanding of these clever people in the red dust, he knew their exquisite life under the scene of the play, saw their day and night between the brilliant and bleak, but also saw the absurdity and gouge.
At the age of 25, Li Shutong suffered another accident, and his mother, who was only 46 years old, died. After burying his mother, he was extremely disappointed. At the time of his decadence, he traveled to Japan, specializing in fine arts and minoring in music in Japanese schools. During his time in Japan, he also hired a Japanese woman as a model, and then developed a relationship with her and married her.
In addition, he has written his own music magazine, disseminating Western music theory and promoting composition methods. After returning to China, Li Shutong devoted himself to education, striving to open up the wisdom of the people and change the backward situation in China.
During that period, Li Shutong often wrote poetry and painting alone, and his extraordinary understanding of life and his talent for art made him quickly reborn, compared with the previous "stupid children", it was almost like two people. In terms of artistic height, he knew very little, and he was very lonely in Zhejiang.
One day, friends visited, Uncle Li accompanied friends to talk about the world, write poetry and painting, and the mood was cheerful. After the parting of his friends, Uncle Li was sad in his heart and wrote the famous "Farewell", a sentence of "the end of the sky, the corner of the earth, the knowledge of half a zero", so that the drifting and impermanence jumped on the paper.
The early death of his parents, the sensitivity of nature, and the precocious thinking, let Li Shutong see the impermanence and misery of the world prematurely, and he hoped to use art to soothe the pain in his heart, but he could not do it again and again.
By chance, Li Shutong came into contact with the Buddhist family's asceticism, and after fasting for twenty days, he decided that Buddhism was the place where his soul took refuge and decided to become a monk.
On the evening of June 30, 1918, Li Shutong was officially ordained, not a layman with a hair to practice, but a mountain ascetic. He brought only simple daily necessities and nothing else.
The student asked him, "What is a teacher's renunciation?" Uncle Li said lightly, "Do nothing." The student asked again, "Bear with the flesh?" He said: "People are impermanent, such as dying of a violent illness, and if you want to not abandon it, you can get it?" ”
A few weeks after his shaving, his Japanese wife, the Japanese lady with whom he had a crushing love, was heartbroken and took her young son from Shanghai to the Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou, holding on to the last glimmer of hope, and persuading her husband not to abandon her and become a monk. This year is the 11th year after the two have known each other. However, Shu Tong's determination was already determined, and even the temple gate did not let his wife and children enter, and his wife had no choice but to leave, but only sadly rebuked the closed door and asked: Mercy to the world, why hurt me alone?
"His wife, knowing that she could not regain her husband's heart, wanted to meet him one last time. In the early morning, the mist of the West Lake, two boats facing each other. Li Shutong's Japanese wife: "Shu Tong-", Li Shu tong: "Please call me Hongyi", wife: "Master Hongyi, please tell me what love is", Li Shutong: "Love, is compassion".
Many people insulted Li Shutong, saying that he abandoned his family and was irresponsible, but before he left home, he had set aside three months' salary and divided it into three parts, one of which was handed over to his Japanese wife along with a self-cut beard to his old friend Mr. Yang Baimin, and asked his friend to send her back to Japan. From this detail, we can see the tenderness and regret in Master Hongyi's heart, as well as the care and thoughtfulness of his handling.
Student Liu Zhiping, when studying in Japan, the economy was very difficult. Li Shutong privately funded the student, and with a meager salary, he insisted on sending money every month, not asking him to repay, and told him not to tell others until Liu Zhiping finished his studies. How can such a person be ruthless?
There is a story that the Buddha recruited disciples, and there were three candidates, a eunuch, a prostitute, and a madman. The Buddha first asked the eunuch, "Do you know that all colors are empty?" The eunuch knelt down and replied, "I know." Students never approach female color. The Buddha waved his hand, "If you are not close to the colors, how can you know the void of colors?"
The Buddha then asked the prostitute, "Do you know that the enlightened one is not a fan?" The prostitute smiled and replied: "I know, students enjoy the world's female color, but they are not obsessed with any bitch." Buddha frowned: "Don't stay nostalgic, where will you awaken?" Finally it was the madman's turn. The Buddha narrowed his eyes and did not ask questions, but just looked at him lovingly. The madman pounded his chest and cried out, "I love! I love!" The Buddha folded his hands together: "Zenza, Zenza." "The Buddha took in the madman as a disciple, opened up his Buddha-nature, and finally made him a positive result.
Li Shutong has too much love, he has too much attachment to the world, he loves his wife and children, loves students, loves art, loves friends, loves everyone in the world, but he has long seen through impermanence, he knows that what he loves will pass away, and the deeper his attachment, the more tortured he is.
His student Feng Zikai once said that there are three realms in life, material, spiritual, and soul, and those who live at the material level, as long as they make a good material life, dress and eat, honor and wealth, filial piety and kindness, so that they will be satisfied.
Secondly, those who are happy to take the stairs will climb up to the second floor to play, or live in it for a long time. This is the person who concentrates on academic literature and art. They devote their full efforts to the study of learning and to the creation and appreciation of literature and art. There are also many such people in the world, namely the so-called "intellectuals", "scholars", "artists".
There is also a kind of person, "life desire" is very strong, the foot strength is very large, the second floor is not satisfied, then take the stairs, climb the three floors. This is the religious. They are very serious about their lives, and it is not enough to satisfy their "material desires", it is not enough to satisfy their "spiritual desires", and they must explore the end of life. They think that the children and grandchildren of property are all external things, academic literature and art are temporary beauty, and even their own bodies are illusory existences. They refuse to be slaves to instinct, and must investigate the source of the soul, the root of the universe, in order to satisfy their "desire for life." This is the religious. There are only these three kinds of people in the world.
And Li Shutong, just belongs to the third kind. Art was no longer enough to house his soul, so he chose religion as a way to transcend the pain of impermanence.
As Li Shutong said to his wife, what love is: compassion. All sentient beings are suffering, living, old, sick and dying, loving and hating, hating and parting, unable to ask for it, unable to let go. Buddha, on the other hand, is to abandon personal love and hatred and to purify the suffering of sentient beings.
In order to promote the Dharma, he put his life and death at the expense of death. At the end of 1937, xiamen was bombed continuously, and everyone advised him to take refuge, but he gathered the crowd to give a speech and do his best to rob all sentient beings.
Every time he gave a lecture, on the wall behind him, hung a nave written by his own hand: "Remembering the Buddha does not forget to save the country, and to save the country, we must recite the Buddha." In the view of Master Hongyi, with the enlightenment of the Buddha, he purified all sentient beings and inspired the monks and laymen to rise up together to save the country, even if they sacrificed everything and sacrificed their lives.
Because we let go of personal love and hatred, we also avoid the sorrow of impermanence, and when we understand the impermanence of small love, we also achieve the compassion of great love. In this change of the world, the heart can not be tormented, so as to obtain peace.
Li Bai once wrote, "When you wake up, you have sex together, and when you are drunk, you disperse." Yongjie travels mercilessly, phased in with Yun Han. "All sentient beings will one day become heartless, because in the next life we can only meet again in the void of the galaxy. Jiang Xun also once said: There are only two kinds of relationships between people, one is birth and separation, and the other is death.
If you want to get rid of the pain in it, you must learn to let go, let go of attachment, learn to detach, let go of small love, learn to love big. And only in this way can life be calm. Just like the verse written by Master Hongyi to his disciples before his death:
Asked Yu Heshi, Gur said deadly.
The branches are full of spring, and the moon is full in tianxin.
Spring is full of flowers, and the moon is empty,
There was peace and tranquility in my heart.
Master Koichi's Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra
【Commentary】Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra
When contemplating oneself as a bodhisattva and practicing deep Prajnaparamita, one sees that the five aggregates are empty and overcomes all suffering. The relic, the color is not different from the void, the emptiness is not different from the color, the color is the emptiness, the emptiness is the color, the desire to act, the same is true. The Relic is the void phase of the Dharma,
[Interpretation] No birth, no destruction, no dirt, no purity, no increase or decrease. It is why there is no color in the air, no thoughts and deeds, no eyes, ears, nose, tongue and body, no color, sound, fragrance, touch, no vision, and even the unconscious world. There is no confusion, there is no end to ignorance, not even old death, no old death. There is no suffering, no
[Commentary] Wisdom is also not gained. For the sake of nothing, Bodhidharma, according to Prajnaparamita, has no obstacles in the mind, no obstacles, no terror, far from upside-down dreams, nirvana. The three Buddhas, according to Prajnaparamita, attained the three bodhisattvas of Ajanta. Therefore, I know Prajnaparamita
[Interpretation] Romido is the Great God Mantra, the Great Ming Mantra, the Supreme Mantra, the None, etc., which can remove all suffering and be true. Therefore, to say the Prajnaparamita mantra is to say the mantra: revealing the truth, revealing the truth, revealing the truth, revealing the truth, bodhidharma.
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