Five ancient poems of the little year: the day of lap has only passed and the small year, and the rain welcomes the spring to the small year.
Xiaonian is the folk name for the day of the Waxing Moon Festival. Since the late Tang Dynasty, the Wax Moon Festival Stove has been delayed from Lapa Eight to the Twenty-fourth Wax Moon, and by the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the customs of the North and south are slightly different, with the 23rd waxing moon popular in the north and the 24th festival stove popular in the south.
In the folk, the festival stove sacrifices the god of vesta with a rich New Year delicacy, which also marks the arrival of the traditional Spring Festival and is an important day for the folk to welcome the Spring Festival. This day is commonly known as the "little year".
Usually, wanderers from other places in ancient times will rush back to their hometowns for the New Year before the Small Year, which includes a series of important folk activities such as sacrificing stoves and ancestors, and the New Year's taste of the Spring Festival is to start from a small age and reach its peak in the Spring Festival Chinese New Year's Eve.
The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties also participated in the sacrifice of the stove because the folk activities of the Small Year were lively and festive, and had the great meaning of praying for blessings and auspiciousness. The Qing Dynasty began with the Yongzheng Emperor, offering sacrifices at the court.
It is precisely because of the participation of the whole country that the Small Year has become an important day during the Spring Festival.
"Jia Zi spring invaded, Yan Jing was a little year old."
Children's celebration stove, drums and noisy.
Count nine sunny to see the willow, and the book is empty to envy the kite.
I have my own body, and wealth is smoke. Ming · Lin Guangxiao is one of the two songs
This poem writes about the grand situation of Beijing's small year in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. At this time, the Ming Dynasty entered a period of prosperity, and Lin Guang, whose ancestral home was in Guangdong, spent a small Year in Beijing, and the cold was a little cold, but the lively and peaceful atmosphere of the capital also touched him.
It is another year at the turn of winter and spring, and the capital has ushered in a small year.
Children were running all over the streets, because there was a major festival of vesta, and the streets were full of gongs and drums, and there were all kinds of celebratory crowds.
At this time has reached the number nine four nine five nine, as the saying goes, five nine six nine, the river to see the willow, although the city of Beijing at this time is not the willow like smoke spring green, but also willow soft, graceful and moving, the most lovely is this sunny little year weather, the sky fluttering this variety of kites.
Flying a kite is a folk custom, and there is also a meaning of letting go of obscurity and spreading its wings to soar.
Such a sunny and lively Beijing small year, so that the citizens have a sense of stability in the peaceful years. The country is stable, the people are peaceful and happy, and the personal wealth is not so important on such a day of universal celebration.
The beauty of the traditional festival lies in the fact that the form and soul are baptized and sublimated, and the sense of national peace and security is better than that of the individual camp wealth, and there is the cohesion and great love of the homeland.
The custom of actually living a small year can be pushed up to the late Tang Dynasty, and by the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, "small year" began to appear in poetry. This is the prudence of the text for folklore, but after the small years of passing on the inheritance of the years, it is the baptism of the years that it has experienced, and in the poem, it also appears thick and deep.
Because of this period, people's strong homesickness is pinned on.
"It's only been a little year since the day of La, and it's raining in the country of Kanze.
Children pass on the wine to the candle, far from loving relatives have not yet slept. "Yuan Dynasty Fan Huan", "Little Year Day, Still Staying in the North Mountain"
The national fortunes of the Yuan Dynasty were not long, as a regime that immediately expanded, the original ruling system of the steppe nobility broke the traditional order and life of the Han people, and in the Yuan Dynasty, the way out for Han intellectuals was quite narrow. The vast majority of them are unlikely to join the bureaucracy, constantly looking for job opportunities in order to survive. Turbulence, uprooting, cold and bitter, become the daily life of life.
Fan Huan was still in a relatively good situation, having been a tutor for high-ranking officials, and after middle age, after being recommended, he entered the Yuan Dynasty as an official. But he was upright and only wanted to do more for the people, so he often walked to remote areas, visited the people's feelings, and rarely went home.
It is precisely because he cherishes the opportunity to be an official and can do things for the people, so his poems are not flashy and reflect the background of the times.
For example, in his young years, he rarely lived a leisurely and rich life, either because he was worried about work or because he felt guilty that he could not fulfill his filial piety in his homeland.
It was only after the eighth festival of Lapa and the New Year's Festival, and the southern ze country was cold and rainy for days, and it was difficult to stop for several days.
The servant boy brought the wine of the little year, and I asked him to light all the candles tonight, because I knew that my mother in my hometown must be watching tonight, thinking of me, and not sleeping in the middle of the night.
Whether Fan Huan was written in the life of the wandering curtain before becoming an official, or in the foreign official offices during his tenure as an official, the sincere feelings of thinking about his relatives every festive season are revealed on paper. It also reflects the instability of the background of the Yuan Dynasty.
"Strange flying snow and light dust, the cold clouds on the river limit to Tianjin."
For the wine far away from the same tenant, Wei Zhou is like a stranger.
Whoever drives away the ghosts in the village drums, and where the incense is the god of vesta.
Tomorrow Dongfeng Jingguo Road, full of Huafa for who is new. " Late Yuan and early Ming Dynasty · Liu Song's "Little Chinese New Year's Eve Memories of Lü Xu's Eryou Xian"
Liu Song was a prominent figure in the Yuan Dynasty, and during the Ming Dynasty Zhu Yuanzhang era, Liu Song was close to 50 years old. At such an age, he sailed north, with a nervous mood, to participate in the selection and examination of the Ming Dynasty. First, his family is not rich, and second, he has deep experience and culture, and wants to contribute to the new dynasty.
This little year, he spent it on a boat in the former Nanjing capital. The most important memories of life are often in the uncertain period of uncertainty about the future. And his age also gave him the vicissitudes and desolation of his heart.
The snow on the road precipitates the dust of the road, is this very familiar, Tang Dynasty Wang Wei's Weicheng city towards the rain and light dust? He was encouraged by two friends to go to Beijing to take the exam, but when people reach middle age, they can't help but feel nostalgic for choosing between stability and uncertainty.
The cold clouds on the river indicate that there is more wind and snow, so the boat can only stop to avoid the snow. He traveled alone in his hometown, went to the country and hometown, and spent the lively season of the small year at home. He could only spend this time with wine.
The villages where the boats dock and on the shore are another small year, the villages on the shore, the sound of village drums, singing and playing, people wearing ghost masks singing and dancing, and more sacrificial stoves pass by. This hilarity also infected him.
Yes, tomorrow I will raise the boat and continue on the way to the capital. He had desires, but at the same time felt uneasy. Because he has an age advantage compared to young people in the end, perhaps he will live up to his patriotic ambitions in the end.
Fortunately, Zhu Yuanzhang was summoned by the Fengtian Temple to appoint Fang Shilangzhong, how could this middle-aged courtier not feel excited? He devoted the rest of his life's enthusiasm to Daming. In the end, the official went to the Guozijian to cultivate talents for Daming, and his last words did not talk about the family.
"Late Berth Qingjiang thought quietly, and the wind and sand and stone were trickling.
Guests sell wine every remnant, and the rain welcomes spring to the small year.
The red leaf temple was spread suddenly, and the deserted village lived in white smoke.
Feeling that the travel situation was really tasteless, I thought about returning to the snow night boat. "Ming · Li Zhishi's "Boat Second Little Year"
This is also a small year spent on the passenger ship, there is wind and snow, or sleet. But it is a beautiful late winter landscape poem.
The boat stopped at dusk at the foot of the Qingjiang Mountains, and the wind blew over the rocky beach, and the sound of running water could be heard.
The boat docks here and guests come ashore for dinner nearby. This is the traditional small Chinese New Year's Eve.
Qingjiang is a river originating in Enshi, Hubei Province, with green mountains on the banks, clear water like jade, and steep mountains, but also beautiful.
The purpose of Li Zhishi's trip is not to clear the rivers and rivers, but to be like a boat of passengers, he is a passer-by on this trip, and he goes ashore to eat in the evening, against the wind and snow, it is really impossible to see the strange mountains and rivers here.
However, this beautiful place, the hotel is small, the wind and snow are urgent, but it makes him have a feeling of being in the rain to welcome the spring and the small year.
But this poem is also beautiful here. This big mountain and clear water, wind and snow at dusk, the lights of the tavern shine on the snow and drizzle outside the window, and the guests' glasses of wine are cramped, but it is really a picture that people bring in. There is a small popular warmth, but also has a beautiful and desolate.
It was in this way that he could not see the wider scenery. However, suddenly there was the sound of the Buddhist temple in the ear, and the temple was on the mountain, which made it seem more audible.
After eating, walk out of the restaurant, look around, it is the desolation of the night, and the snow is getting bigger and bigger, presumably the village in this mountain is also submerged in the white snow. Even if you look at it from the extreme, you can only see the light of Xi Wei.
This is a small Chinese New Year's Eve, if it is not such a bad weather, presumably the mountain drums are gusting, greeting the gods and offering stoves. Li Zhishi must have a sense of loss, and he thought that it must be sparsely populated here, so he could not see the grandeur of the mountain village.
However, on the way back to the ship, there is another beauty, the snow is getting thicker and thicker, and the roof of the boat is covered with thick snow, which is a rare snow night map of the Qingjiang River.
I love the prose-like narrative of this poem. There is no him, because there is a real sense of substitution. The lights in the rain and snow of the mountain village inn make people remember. The wind and snow on the road are small in the spring.
"The guest house frequently stays with guests, and the fish is fresh.
Tie the boat to the mouth of the high gorge, as the edge of the river.
Yellow birds are noisy on the winter solstice, and plum blossoms are in full bloom.
The city is full of oranges, and the wine is thirsty for money. "Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties · Qu Dajun's "Hou JiaYu Poem (JiaZi) Part VI"
Qu Dajun, a native of Guangdong, lives in the south all year round, in the small year of the south, there is little snow, the climate is warm, and the late winter is also like the early spring in the Yangtze River Basin. Here the fruits are abundant, the fish are delicious, and the plum blossoms are in full bloom.
The late winter season is the most fertile season for fish.
The mountains and forests in the south are beautiful, and the most beautiful thing in the small town is that there are fish in the water. Tie the boat under a tree on the edge of the canyon and cook the fish directly on the shore. Surrounded by yellow oriole birds that have already chirped, and the mountain forest is full of plum blossoms that bloom at this time.
Here the citrus is sweet and cheap, in order to travel, piled up on the boat, this beautiful cuisine, help have wine, as long as you drink to the fullest, how much you drink, how much did you drink?
This Lingnan Festival is rich in products, good mountains and good water, good wine and good scenery, spring has already arrived, not drunk and not returned.
A plum blossom in the small year, it is really desirable.
This is the realism of the Lingnan region of Guangdong, and it is also the wish of many people for plum blossoms, regardless of the north and south of the river.
It is another year of small year, small year may not be sunny weather, but also often accompanied by rain and snow, but small year is more psychological love for the new year, do a small year is a year, to write about your little year, see what, experience what it is.
Hatsuyoshi Katsuyuki interprets the love and beauty in the poems for you. Image from the web.