In May 1953, during the Negotiations at Panmunjom in Kaesong, the negotiations reached an impasse due to sabotage between the United States and Syngman Rhee, and in the face of repeated provocations by the enemy, the Volunteer Command ordered the 60th Army to defend against the frontal enemy occupation
883.7, 973, 902.8 and other highlands launched an attack.
This battle was the first time since our army switched to position defense in 1952 that it broke through a regimental position with modern fortifications and pulled out the enemy's claim
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Missouri Defense Line
"An important point of support.
The so-called "Missouri Line" is from Wendenli in the east
The "convex" glyph-shaped position on the west to the first line of the North Han River,
It was occupied by the enemy during the counterattack in the summer of 1951, and later after a long period of operation, a solid defensive system was formed, and the enemy guarding here was the 5th and 6th Divisions of the 2nd Army, the elite units of South Korea. The enemy is also named after the state name of Missouri, the hometown of US President Harry Truman, called the "Missouri Line", and the famous "USS Missouri" warship, so it also has the meaning of being as strong as a steel warship and as safe as the president's hometown.
At that time, the forward positions of both sides were on the high mountains, and during this period there were deep ditches separated by long distances, and it was still very difficult to take these highs in one fell swoop. However, Zhang Zuyu boldly used the big lurking of more than 3,500 people to win a surprise victory, but instead created a rare miracle in the history of Chinese and foreign wars.
Zhang Zuyu, born in 1911 in Datangwan Village, Shiqiao District, Shangcheng, Henan, joined the Young Pioneers of the Red Guards in 1930, joined the Chinese Communist Youth League in 1931, joined the Red Army in the same year, and became a member of the Communist Party of China in February 1932, successively serving as a soldier, deputy squad leader, platoon leader, section chief, political department officer, chief of the security section of the political department, section chief of the 386 brigade of the 129th Division, political commissar, deputy director of the political department, director of the political department, political commissar, chief of staff and deputy commander of the 8th column of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Military Region. The deputy commander of the 60th Army is also the chief of staff. In 1952, he became the commander of the 60th Army of the Chinese Volunteer Army, participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in 1955.
Careful and cautious Zhang Zuyu
The 60th Army took over the defensive task here from the hands of the 68th Army, and zhang Zuyu immediately went forward to inspect the troops, observe the terrain, and understand the enemy's situation.
Zhang Zuyu has a characteristic of fighting, that is, "careful and cautious", so no matter where he goes, he will always practice to ensure that there is no problem.
In addition, since the 180th Division was surrounded, Zhang Zuyu had always hoped that he could lead the 60th Army to win the battle and win the battle, so as to wash away the stains on the 60th Army and the 180th Division, so the battle was more cautious.
Zhang Zuyu once said at the combat conference: "If you don't fight, you will already be,
If you fight, you will be annihilated. Shoot at the enemy's weak points, attack the protrusions, exert the role of artillery, and overcome the idea of a single infantry. Killing 10,000 enemies and inflicting more than 3,000 casualties is not a victory.
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Zhang Zuyu was very concerned about all the details of the soldiers, all of them were personal arrangements, and even the reconnaissance squad with or without coats would discuss with the soldiers.
"Did you bring your military coat with you?" Zhang Zuyu was worried that the soldiers would be frostbitten when they lay in the snow, so he wanted the soldiers to put on military coats.
However, the warriors said, "No! Bringing on a military coat, it was too stupid to walk, especially after the battle began. ”
"It's time to start, then throw away the coat."
"That's ok!"
……
Under Zhang Zuyu's caution, after the 60th Army took over the position, it fought 26 small counterattack battles, except for one airlift, and two battles that did not completely resolve the battle, and the rest of the battles were fought as annihilation battles.
The Corps and the Volunteer Army Headquarters continued to receive good news from the 60th Army, and also informed the whole army of their achievements
Study in each department!
After that, the small counterattack of the 60th Army was more and more beautiful, and on March 29, 1953, a platoon of the 60th Army annihilated 1 company of the enemy in 5 minutes, annihilating more than 200 enemy people. The Volunteer Command commends:
"Annihilating more than 200 enemy troops in a short period of time at a small cost, the battle was very good."
In April, a regiment of the 60th Army was again
At the cost of 9-to-1 casualties between the enemy and ourselves, more than 1,500 enemy were annihilated in ten days, and the whole army was commended.
Forced risk-taking decisions
It was such a cautious general who took an extremely risky decision in the midst of a large-scale counterattack that soon followed.
In General Zhang Zuyu's own words:
"This was forced out by the enemy!"
In April 1953, armistice negotiations resumed in Korea, but the enemy was stalling for time and did not want to reach an agreement soon. The United States clamored for a "military victory" and a military solution to the Korean issue.
In order to teach the enemy a lesson and achieve an armistice at an early date, the leaders of the Volunteer Army decided to launch a summer counterattack against the enemy. The target of the 60th Army was the "Missouri Line" opposite itself.
Taking the position on the opposite side is the long-term desire of the commanders and fighters of the 60th Army, and the enemy can rely on these positions to condescend to a depth of more than 20 kilometers of the 60th Army, and usually use the terrain advantage to release cold guns at the positions of the 60th Army.
After considering the actual situation, Zhang Zuyu, who was good at using his brain, took advantage of the night to mobilize his troops to the dead corner of the mountainside of the enemy position and dig a tunnel. In order to dig the tunnel, every time the stone was blown up, the 60th Army would fire artillery as cover. Soon the tall tunnels will be dug in the coming year, but if you want to attack the highlands, two tunnels alone are far from enough...
After Zhang Zuyu's repeated observation and thinking, in order to arrange a large number of troops to the enemy's near front, so that the fighters who had captured the position could hold the position, Zhang Zuyu had a bold idea in his heart, that is, lurking...
There have been many successful cases of small-scale lurking before, but this time it is three or five thousand people who need to lurk, which is unprecedented, since the idea of lurking was born, Zhang Zuyu has been thinking repeatedly about the favorable conditions and difficulties of lurking.
In early May, the 20th Corps held a combat meeting, and everyone was discussing the importance and difficulties of taking down these commanding heights.
The importance is self-evident, and the main discussion of this meeting is how to lay the ground.
The enemy's positions on the opposite side were fortified and the firepower was dense, while the 60th Army attacked and faced a steep hill, a long distance, and extremely difficult, in this case, it was necessary to ensure the suddenness of the battle, reduce casualties, and win the victory, which became the focus of discussion.
Zheng Weishan, acting commander of the corps, put forward the idea of a big lurking at the meeting: the enemy has a large area of woods in the front and flanks, and if the troops are hidden in the enemy's front in advance, they will suddenly launch a surprise attack the next day...
We can concentrate our artillery against the enemy in order to consolidate our positions.
After Zheng Weishan finished speaking, there was a brief silence in the venue, and everyone was shocked by Zheng Weishan's suggestion and fell into thinking.
Zhang Zuyu had long thought about the importance and feasibility of the big lurking, and he was confident about it, taking the lead in breaking the silence at the venue and expressing his support for Zheng Weishan.
After analyzing the actual situation, he said: "If carefully organized, lurking can be successful...
At the same time, with so many troops lurking in the enemy's front, there has never been such a precedent that can be unexpected ...
Zhang Zuyu's speech analyzed the possibility of latent success in a reasonable and well-founded manner, which made the comrades attending the meeting nod their heads in agreement and separately put forward their own troops' willingness to support this operation.
After zheng weishan, who proposed the battle plan, listened to Zhang Zuyu's analysis, his confidence was even stronger, and he slapped the table and said: "Fight! Wrong I am responsible! ”
Zhang Zuyu immediately said, "We are both jointly responsible!" ”
Zheng Weishan waved his hand and said, "Don't you be responsible, I am the commander of the corps, of course I am responsible!" ”
The Grand Lurking Scheme was thus settled.
Later, Zheng Weishan commented on Zhang Zuyu like this: General Zhang is a very good person, has a brain, and has an opinion, and his speech has played a role in promoting the determination of our corps under the leadership.
The plan was set, but there were many very real and acute problems with the desire for the lurking of large troops.
In the end, Zhang Zuyu and other chiefs entrusted the soldiers with the brainstorming of how to achieve this goal.
"We must let all the commanders and fighters figure out why they are fighting this battle. Why is it necessary to resort to such tactics as lurking? What exactly are the problems that may be encountered in the lurking? How should these problems be solved? ”
He asked commanders at all levels to go deep into the front and grassroots, listen to problems, solve problems...
All possible problems have been thought of and solved, condolences have arrived, exercises have been carried out, and all preparations have been made, so it can be said that everything is ready but the East Wind is owed.
On June 9, the day before the battle was launched, Zhang Zuyu asked each of the participating units at the forward command post: "What are the questions?" ”
After all the problems were prepared, the various lurking units secretly went to the predetermined locations under the eager eyes of the heads of all levels, and finally completed the lurking at 4 a.m. on the 10th, reaching the eyes of the enemy.
Lurking under the eyes of the enemy, but the lurking is not very smooth, the enemy often shoots at the lurking area and other places, shoots, and will come out to patrol, many soldiers are injured in this situation...
One of the shells landed in the lurking area of the 5th Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 535th Regiment, and the shrapnel plunged into the legs of the soldier Zhang Baocai, and the blood poured out like a spring, staining the ground below his body red...
When the smoke cleared, the comrades-in-arms found that he was injured and very much wanted to bandage him, but the discipline did not allow it, they could only watch Zhang Bao desperately grit his teeth and try to control himself from making a sound, until he closed his eyes forever...
Soldier of the 8th Company of the 3rd Battalion of the 542nd Regiment
Gou Ziqing's abdomen was pierced by shrapnel, his intestines all flowed out, he did not scream, he stuffed his intestines into his stomach, wanted to block it with a towel and could continue to participate in the war, it did not take long to die...
Just these few days of lurking, like
There are more than 30 warriors like Zhang Baocai and Gou Ziqing.
At eight o'clock in the evening of June 10, as the signal bombs illuminated the night sky, our artillery began to bombard the enemy positions, and then the lurking fighters rushed to the enemy positions...
After the position was occupied by the volunteers, the enemy was like a gambler, tilting all the air power and artillery power in his hands above the position, and in this case, those who never extended their hands to their superiors and cried bitterly also had to ask the commander of the corps, Zheng Weishan, for help:
"Commander Zheng?" I am Zhang Zuyu. The troops are not supplied with ammunition, please ask the corps to support them. ”
Zheng Weishan knew that Zhang Zuyu never cried bitterness, since he opened his mouth, it must be a problem, the front-line war was very difficult, Zheng Weishan immediately sent a car to transport ammunition to support...
The latent troops fought hard for 4 days and nights, defeated more than 190 enemy counterattacks, and annihilated 7812 enemy positions before consolidating all positions.
How the volunteer army attacked so quickly, the South Korean army at that time could not understand, and later in the history of the war they wrote in the 70s,
It is still unclear why our army attacked so quickly, or why their "main line of resistance" collapsed so quickly.
Xu Shiyou praised: "Commander Zhang jun had the courage to sneak thousands of people under the nose of the enemy, surprised him, and fought a beautiful annihilation battle." ”
The siege of the 180th Division was Wei Jie's responsibility, and Wu Chengde knew that he could not go out the moment he killed the horse
Wu Chengde of the 180th Division was insane, but he only remembered Gong Village, and his wife woke him up and lived with him
The Volunteer Command sent a commendation order:
The counterattack of the 60th Army of our army on the 883.7 heights (including the 973 heights) and the 902.8 highlands was an example of the simultaneous assault from the enemy's 1 regimental position and the occupation of the regiment's main peak position, which was only an example of annihilating most of the enemy's 1 regiment after only 1 hour and 10 minutes of fighting. This shows that as long as we really do a good job of full and thorough preparation and meticulous organization of infantry and artillery coordination before the war, and combine the command skills with the bravery and tenacity of the troops, it is completely possible to charge through the defensive positions of the enemy 1 regiment. Our 60th Army pioneered the example of annihilating most of the enemy's 1 regiment at a time since the beginning of our defensive operations, and is specially commended. Hope to continue to work hard. Continue to fight steadily and fiercely, and strive for greater victories. Chinese the Korean people of the People's Volunteer Army
Joint Command of the Army
June 12, 1953
After the results of the battle reached the enemy headquarters in Seoul and Panmunjom, the enemy immediately became honest, and the part of the enemy's line of control that protruded from the line of control of the volunteer army on the military demarcation line above the armistice negotiation agreement was also cut off. There is nothing to do...
#开国将帅 #
#180师 #