In the first period of Huangpu, there were three Shandong students surnamed Li, who later became important people in the Military Circles of the Kuomintang, so they were later called "Three Li". Although it was a synonym, the fate of the later was completely opposite.
Li Xianzhou was captured by the People's Liberation Army in the Battle of Laiwu in 1947, and after more than a decade of reform, he was pardoned in 1960 and has lived on the mainland ever since.
In 1949, Li Yannian was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the commander of fuzhou and Quanzhou Liangsui districts, and as a result, after the People's Liberation Army captured Fuzhou, Li Yannian quickly left the army and ran to Taiwan, causing Chiang Kai-shek to be greatly angered and sentenced to prison, and Li Yannian spent the rest of his life in Taiwan.
Li Yutang's experience is the most strange, he is Li Yannian's cousin, who was captured in the Liberation War and ran back to Xuzhou desperately, but such a loyal act was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to "never use it". Later, he fled to Taiwan, but was shot with his wife in 1951.
The most intriguing thing is that many years later, the Shandong Provincial People's Government on the mainland recognized him as a revolutionary martyr, and the Taiwanese side also felt that it was wrong to kill him. So what's going on? Just look at his life experience.
Born in 1899 in Guangrao, Shandong Province, Li Yutang came from a relatively wealthy family, so he received a good education, and he had a strong patriotic heart at a very young age. In 1915, yuan shikai became emperor, he participated in the student camp to beg Yuan, and the following year Yuan Shikai fell ill and died, and he continued to complete his studies.
When the May Fourth Movement broke out, Li Yutang was a representative of the Shandong Support Association, and he bit his finger in public and wrote down the four big characters of "conscience to save the country" with blood.
After experiencing various events, Li Yutang believed that only by joining the army could he change the country, so in 1921 he entered the Shanxi Non-Commissioned Officer Education Regiment for training, and after graduation, he served in the Jin Army.
But after a few years, what he saw was still the warlord vying for power and profit, which was completely inconsistent with what he wanted to save China. Therefore, after hearing that the Huangpu Military Academy in Guangzhou enrolled, Li Yutang immediately went south with his cousin Li Yannian to apply for the examination, and on the way, he also got acquainted with Li Xianzhou, and these three Li successfully entered the Huangpu Phase I. Since then, because of his bravery in battle, he has been promoted to division commander.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Li Yutang repeatedly performed miraculous feats and was promoted to commander of the 8th Army in June 1938, although this speed could not be compared with Hu Zongnan, but it was also fast in the Huangpu clan, and it should be known that Chen Mingren, who was at the same time as him, was the commander of the 2nd Reserve Division of the 8th Army.
In 1939, on the line of Coffin Mountain in Wuning, Jiangxi, Li Yutang led his troops to defend the position and made great contributions, so the 8th Army was awarded the glorious title of "Taishan Army", and later the 8th Army was merged into the 10th Army, and Li Yutang continued to serve as the commander.
In the Second Battle of Changsha, Li Yutang was ordered to garrison the gaoqiao, Jinjing, and Fulinpu lines, and as a result, he was besieged by three divisions of the Japanese army. Under such circumstances, Li Yutang naturally could not resist, and he withdrew his troops to the dongshan, Liuyang, and Laodao rivers on the outskirts of Changsha, once again blocking the Japanese Kou, and waiting for reinforcements after four days and nights of bloody fighting to repulse the enemy.
After the war, Xue Yue held Li Yutang responsible for the loss of Jinjing and removed him from his post. As soon as this news spread, all the officers and men of the 10th Army made a fuss and complained about Li Yutang one after another. Zhong Bin, who had been preparing to take over as commander of the 10th Army, was also touched after hearing about these circumstances, so he found an excuse to postpone his arrival.
Two months later, the Third Battle of Changsha broke out, and the commander of the 10th Army was still untouched, and Xue Yue had no choice but to hope that Li Yutang would return to his post, but Li Yutang was not moved, and the matter was stabbed to Chiang Kai-shek.
Li Yutang replied: "Report to the commission, yes! ”
Chiang Kai-shek asked again, "Are you a student of the first phase of Huangpu?" ”
Li Yutang replied, "Report to the Principal, yes!" ”
Chiang Kai-shek said, "Well, Changsha will be handed over to you." ”
The first sentence indicates that the original punishment was lifted, Li Yutang is still the commander of the 10th Army, the second sentence is to win over the friendship between teachers and students, and the last sentence expresses trust. Chiang Kai-shek's skill in taming people in this matter was still very clever, which made Li Yutang work very hard in the war.
In the Third Battle of Changsha, the Chinese army killed and wounded 5,994 Japanese troops and captured 13,900 prisoners, while its own casualties were only 28,116, which was a great victory.
The 10th Army, which played a great role in this battle, won three "Flying Tiger Flags", which was the first army in the Central Army to be awarded the "Flying Tiger Banner", and Li Yutang was promoted to deputy commander-in-chief of the 27th Group Army.
In the course of the war, Li Yutang also has a very brave story, when he was on the front line to direct the battle, once at dinner he held a steamed bun in one hand, the other hand with chopsticks to pick vegetables, suddenly a bullet struck, breaking the vegetable bowl. Li Yutang's look did not change, and he continued to use chopsticks to clip the dishes scattered on the table.
Soon another bullet struck, this time breaking Li Yutang's chopsticks, and everyone around him advised him to leave quickly, Li Yutang said calmly: They are all stray bullets, don't be afraid. Then continue to grab the vegetables with your hands to eat, and Tarzan collapses in front of him without changing color! The general's demeanor is vividly displayed!
After Li Yutang was promoted, the commander of the 10th Army was Fang Xianjue. In 1944, in the defense of Hengyang, the Chinese Xianjue led his troops to defend to the death, and resisted the enemy nearly ten times as hard for 47 days, severely damaging the Japanese Kou. In the end, he surrendered to the Japanese in order to protect the wounded soldiers and the people of the city from being slaughtered.
When the 10th Army was surrounded, Li Yutang was also very anxious, he personally sat in the town with the 46th Army and the 62nd Army to support, and the troops were also very desperate, but the encirclement of more than 100,000 Japanese troops was too thick to penetrate.
After the fall of Hengyang, Li Yutang resigned, but Chiang Kai-shek knew that he had tried his best, did not approve, but promoted him to commander-in-chief of the 36th Group Army.
Objectively speaking, Li Yutang's achievements during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression were still very great, and he fought many hard battles and vicious battles, and his strength and merit were not under the five main forces.
During the Liberation War, Li Yutang's situation was very embarrassing, although he was nominally the commander of the Xu (Zhou) Yan (Zhou) Appeasement District and the commander of the 24th Army, but the jurisdiction was actually only the Yanzhou area, and the troops in his hands were also transferred one after another, and he could only command two security regiments when he was most embarrassed.
After the emergency of the war in Shandong in 1948, Chiang Kai-shek allocated an integrated 12th Army to him, but this person could not stop the general trend. In July of that year, Yanzhou was liberated, and Li Yutang and Huo Shouyi, commander of the reorganized 12th Army, were captured.
Li Yutang was also very clever, pretending to be a soldier to conceal his identity, so the People's Liberation Army did not take strict care of him, so he took a chance to escape on the way to escort, first hiding in a village in Weishan Lake, then arriving in Lincheng with the help of a fisherman, and finally arriving in Xuzhou by train.
This experience is still not easy, I did not expect that Li Yutang waited for not to be sympathetic, but to withdraw Chiang Kai-shek's "never use it", so that Li Yutang could only avoid living in Shanghai. His heart must have been wronged.
After the Battle of Huaihai, Chiang Kai-shek's central army was completely lost, and he was squeezed out of the wilderness by the Gui clan, and Li Yutang thought that his chance to make a comeback had come, so he first went to the guangdong provincial government chairman Xue Yue as a senior senator. Although the two had been dirty in those years, there were not many people available in the Kuomintang at the moment, and Xue Yue also knew that Li Yutang was capable, so he still used him.
When Guangzhou was about to be liberated, Li Yutang followed Xue Yue to Hainan Island, where he held many positions: deputy commander-in-chief of the Hainan Defense General Command, commander-in-chief of the Eastern Route Army, and commander of the 32nd Army, in charge of Hainan's main armed forces. Therefore, he has also become the object of our party's struggle.
Chen Shiqing, the brother of Li Yutang's wife Chen Bolan, served as a liaison, and he was also on the line with the People's Liberation Army, but before he could figure it out, the Battle of Hainan began. Since he had never made up his mind to revolt, he could only command the 32nd Army to resist. Eventually, he was basically annihilated by the People's Liberation Army, and he fled to Taiwan with only a small number of remnants.
After arriving in Taiwan, Li Yutang was dismissed from his military post by Chiang Kai-shek and arrested not long after. The Kuomintang tortured him to extract a confession, but never found evidence of his defection, and Qian Dajun, the chief judge in charge of the case, also believed that Li Yutang did not know anything about his wife's general situation, so he sentenced Li Yutang to 7 years in prison according to the regulation of "knowing the bandits and not reporting them", which was later increased to 15 years.
In the end, if you go to prison, you will have no worries about your life, but when Chiang Kai-shek gave instructions for this case, he deliberately added the word "shame" to the file, which wanted the lives of Li Yutang and his wife.
On February 5, 1951, Li Yutang and his wife Chen Bolan were taken to taipei for execution at the Bitan Execution Ground.
Li Yutang's death made the matter confusing, and he wrote a suicide note before his execution, to the effect that "this matter has nothing to do with me, but the president has issued an order, and I will not appeal, I only hope that after my death, everyone can have justice in their hearts." I have not done anything to apologize to the country, and the country is now so sorry for me, what benefits can it bring to the country? It will only make the Communist Party happy. I have made many achievements in battle in my life, and I am not willing to die like this, if the war is over, please bury me under the Yunlong Mountain in Xuzhou. ”
Logically, Li Yutang knew that he would die and would not lie to himself, and the title of the CCP in the suicide note was not so respectful.
However, in 1983, the Shandong Provincial People's Government, with the approval of the State Council, posthumously recognized Li Yutang as a revolutionary martyr, on the grounds that Li Yutang had accepted the conditions to prepare for the uprising, but because of the war, he had to flee to Taiwan.
The most interesting thing is that in 2004, the Taiwan provincial government publicly published a notice nominating "General Li Yutang and his wife Chen Bolan were unjustly wronged and awarded a 'certificate of restoration of honor'", that is, the Taiwan side still believes that Li Yutang has no idea of uprising, so it restores their reputation.
This is very intriguing.
Personally, I believe that our party did have contact with Li Yutang in those years, and he may have agreed verbally, but his thinking was always a little erratic, and he did not do any actual behavior, so in the end it ended up with a relatively sad ending.
However, Li Yutang's heroic deeds during the anti-Japanese period are still worthy of being called heroes!