An outstanding female Empress Xiaozhuangwen who went through the three dynasties of the early Qing Dynasty
Empress Xiaozhuangwen (1613–1688), of the Borjigit clan, also known as Bumubutai, also known as Benbutei (meaning "Noble Descended from Heaven"), was the second daughter of Bel borjigit Buhe of the Mongolian Horqin tribe (in present-day Tongliao).
On the eighth day of the eighth month of February (March 28) of the forty-first year of the Ming Dynasty (1613), Bumubutai was born.
In February of the tenth year of the Later Jin Mandate, the thirteen-year-old Bumubutai was escorted to Shengjing by her brother Wu Keshan, married Tontai, and blessed him. His sister Zhezhe was the Great Fu Jin.
Later, at the beginning of the Jin Dynasty, Emperor Taiji was the Khan, and his sister Zhezhe was given the title of Grand Concubine, called Zhonggong Dafujin; Bumubutai was named The Western Concubine, called Xigong Fujin. However, there was no Eastern Palace Fujin at that time, so Bumubutai ranked second in the harem, second only to his gu Zhezhe. Tiancong was born on the eighth day of the first month of the third year of the third year of the emperor's fourth daughter Yatu (later titled Princess Gulun YongmuChang). Later, in February of the sixth year of Jin Tiancong, The daughter of Bayar Daiqing, Zalut Borjigit, married Emperor Taiji as the Eastern Concubine, called Donggong Fujin. Bumubutai ranked third in the harem. Tiancong was born on February 12, 1966, the fifth daughter of the Emperor, Attu (later known as Princess Gulun Shuhui).
Tiancong was born on November 16, 1977, the seventh daughter of the Emperor (later known as Princess Gulun Shuzhe). In August of the eighth year of the later Jin Dynasty, dou Tumen Fujin, the widow of Chahar Lindan Khan, married Emperor Taiji to Emperor Taiji on the seventh day of October of the ninth year of the ninth year of Jin Tiancong, the side concubine Zarut Borjigit was remarried to Nan Chu, the son of the chancellor Yehebu Delegetji. In October of the eighth year of Jin Tiancong, Bumubutai's sister Hai lanzhu married Emperor Taiji and favored the harem. In July of the ninth year of Jin Tiancong, the widow of Chahar Lindan Khan, the widow of Dafu Jin Aba, Borjigit Namuzhong, married Emperor Taiji. Bumubutai's sister Hailanzhu and Lin Dan Khan's widows successively married Emperor Taiji, which reduced Bumubutai's status in the harem.
In the first year of Chongde, Emperor Taiji was proclaimed emperor in Shengjing, and was crowned as the queen concubine of the Five Palaces of Chongde, also known as the Five Great Blessings: During the Time of Emperor Taiji, Mongolian women almost monopolized the harem, and there were three Horqin Belleb and one family alone. Bumubutai came to Shengjing from the Mongolian steppes and gave birth to a man and three daughters (his son Fu Lin was later the Shunzhi Emperor) to Emperor Taiji, and was given the title of Concubine zhuang of Yongfu Palace.
During the lifetime of Emperor Taiji, Bumubutai's position in the harem was not prominent. In the harem, she was favored by the Emperor Taiji, and it was her sister Concubine Chen who ruled everything.
Empress Zhonggong - Empress Qingning Palace, known as the Monarch Fujin, Horqin Borjigit clan, named Zhezhe (i.e. Empress Xiaoduanwen, the sister of Empress Xiaozhuangwen), ranked first.
Donggong - Concubine Of guanju Palace, known as DongdaFujin, Horqin Borjigit clan, named Hai Lanzhu (i.e. Min Huigong and Yuan Concubine, sister of Empress Xiaozhuangwen), ranked second.
Nishimiya - Lintong Palace Noble Concubine, called Xi Dafu Jin, Aba Hai Borjigit clan, named NaMu Zhong (i.e. Yi Jing Grand Concubine), ranked third.
The Second Eastern Palace - Yanqing Palace Shufei, known as the Eastern Side Fujin, Aba Hai Borjigit clan, named Patma Xuan (i.e. Kang Hui Shu Concubine), ranked fourth.
Cixi Palace - Yongfu Palace Zhuang Concubine, called the West Side Fujin, Horqin Borjigit clan, named Bumubutai (i.e. Empress Xiaozhuangwen), ranked fifth.
On march 15, 1638, on the 30th day of the first month of the third year of Chongde's reign, he gave birth to the ninth son of the Emperor Fulin at yongfu Palace in the Shengjing (present-day Shenyang) Imperial Palace.
On August 26, 1988, his son Fu Lin ascended the throne and changed his era name to "Shunzhi", and was honored with Empress Xiaoduanwen and was called Empress Dowager.
In September of the first year of Shunzhi, he arrived in Yanjing (present-day Beijing).
In February of the eighth year of Shunzhi, Shizu pro-government, the upper emblem of the Zhaosheng Cishou Empress, referred to as the Zhaosheng Emperor Empress; repeatedly on the emblem of the Zhaosheng Cishou Gong Jian An Yi Zhangqing Empress.
In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi's ancestral collapse, the emperor's third son Xuan Ye became the Kangxi Emperor, honored as the empress dowager, called The Empress Dowager Zhaosheng, and repeatedly took the title of Empress Dowager Zhaosheng, known as Zhaosheng Cishou Gong Jian An Yi Zhang Qing Dun Hui Wen Zhuang Kang and Ren Xuan Hongjing Empress Dowager.
Empress Zhaosheng lived frugally and did not do anything luxurious, and when she pacified San Francisco, she donated the silver saved by the court to reward the soldiers. Whenever she was sorry for the famine years, she always took out her palace savings to help her, and fully cooperated with and supported her grandson's cause. Her exemplary behavior made the emperor increase his respect by twelve points. In the spring of the twenty-first year of Kangxi (1682), the emperor went out to visit Shengjing, and almost every day along the way, he sent people to greet and live in a letter, reporting his whereabouts, and sealed the silver carp and crucian carp fat he caught in the river, and sent people to Beijing to send them to Beijing to taste the fresh; in the autumn of the twenty-second year (1683), Kangxi accompanied his grandmother to tour Wutai Mountain, and when he arrived at the uphill area, the emperor always got off the car and personally supported his grandmother to protect him.
In March of the seventh year of Chongde (1642), the Qing army captured Hong Chengyu, the governor of Jiliao of the Ming Dynasty, and Emperor Taiji ordered Thathong be taken to Shengjing, and sent Hanchen Fan Wencheng and others to persuade him in turn. When Xiao Zhuang saw this situation, Mao Sui volunteered himself, personally went to persuade him, "took his lips with a pot", poured ginseng juice on him one bite at a time, moved with affection, and reasoned it, and after several days of hard work, he finally persuaded Hong Chengzu to throw himself into the Qing army. This incident has been widely circulated, and there have been many works of interpretation in later generations, but the detailed record is not found in the canonical history, and the authenticity is still controversial in the academic community.
On August 9, 2008, Emperor Taiji died of a sudden cerebral hemorrhage. With Emperor Taiji leaving no will on the issue of succession to the throne, a fierce power struggle is quietly unfolding.
Emperor Taiji's eldest son, Prince Su, Hauge, and Nurhaci's fourteenth son, Prince Rui, Dolgun, both stared at the throne.
But in the end, the throne fell to The six-year-old FuLin, perhaps because Dorgon took the overall situation and made concessions to avoid civil unrest. But there is another factor that cannot be ignored that is not negligible - the behind-the-scenes activities of Xiaozhuang.
Whether Xiaozhuang co-opted Dorgon or not, the official revision of the history of the actual record did not leave any records, and private writings did not leave more records.
The historical Su Mo'er is indeed a legendary figure. Originally named Su Mo'er or Su Mo'er, it was renamed Su Ma Lagu in the late Shunzhi or Kangxi period, meaning "half large pocket". After her death, the whole palace honored her as Su Ma Lama.
Su Ma Lama and Empress Xiaozhuangwen lived together day and night, inseparable, and stayed together for more than 60 years, and the relationship between the two had actually gone beyond the ordinary master-servant relationship.
Whether the empress dowager married the regent is still controversial in historians. The theory of the empress dowager's marriage first attracted the attention of historians was the ten "Jianyi Palace Words" by Zhang Huangyan, a Ming relic, one of which said: "Shangshou Is honored for unity, and the Cining Palace is rotten." The Spring Palace yesterday's new ceremony note, too ceremonial courtesy to the empress dowager's marriage." There are other arguments for the empress dowager's marriage: first, Dorgon is called "the regent of the emperor's father"; second, according to Jiang Liangqi's "Records of Eastern China", the edict is issued
Among Dorgon's indictments, there are not only self-proclaimed "Emperor Father Regents", but also "personally went to the inner courtyard of the palace"; third, Xiaozhuang's will and testament kangxi not to bury him with the Emperor Taiji are difficult to say whether he married Dorgon.
However, Mr. Meng Sen, a member of the Qing Dynasty, had already written the "Examination of the Empress Dowager's Marriage", which refuted the various bases for the empress dowager's marriage. Meng Sen believed that Zhang Huangyan was a minister of the Ming Dynasty and harbored hostility toward the Qing Dynasty, and the verses he composed inevitably had slanderous remarks; moreover, Shunzhi called Dolgun "The Regent of the Emperor's Father", which implied that the ancient Chinese monarch called the old minister "Zhongfu" and "Shang Father", and King Wu of Zhou also called Jiang Taigong shangfu, which is not enough evidence, as for the so-called "inner courtyard of the imperial palace", it is suspected that Dolgun has another chaotic palace move, not necessarily referring to Empress Xiaozhuang; moreover, Xiaozhuang is reluctant to be buried with Emperor Taiji, because Zhaoling has buried Empress Xiaoduan, and the empress is not buried with her husband. There is no shortage of examples of this in ancient times. Yan Chongnian also believes that he has not yet seen a piece of historical evidence about the "marriage of the empress dowager", which is purely fictitious.
Soon after Fu Lin ascended the throne, Xiaozhuang made his niece, the daughter of the Mongol Horqin Belle Wu Keshan, the Borzigit clan, empress. And Fu Lin did not like this queen, and this queen loved jealousy. Fu Lin could not tolerate it and insisted that it be abolished and established separately. In August of the tenth year of Shunzhi (1653), Xiaozhuang saw that his son really had no room for reversal, so he had to agree, and the empress was demoted to a concubine and relegated to a side palace. In order to eliminate the negative political impact that this move could bring, Xiaozhuang also chose borji Jinshi, the daughter of the Mongolian Horqin Dorobel, to enter the palace as a concubine. But Fu Lin was also not interested in the beautiful girl who came out of the yurt.
Dong E's position as an imperial concubine in the harem was second only to that of the empress, but Fu Lin's feelings for Dong E's clan had reached an incomparable point. He even wanted to appoint Dong Eshi as empress, all of which caused a gap between mother and son. Later, Dong Eshi went, and he even concentrated everything on the empress dowager, and even when the empress dowager fell ill, he did not go to greet her.
Under the influence of Xiaozhuang, who "has a unique love for tushi", Xuan Ye has developed a strong interest in reading and learning since he was a child, and this hobby has accompanied him throughout his life. He "committed himself to reading", "reciting in the morning and night, cold and heat, until he forgot to sleep and eat", no matter what time, as long as he picked up the book, he almost forgot everything. The nanny Park, worried that he was too young and too much to read and hurt his body, hid the book more than once, hoping to give him a break. But as soon as he found out, he immediately asked for it back and continued to read it with relish. For her grandson's diligent and hard work, Xiao Zhuang was both relieved and very distressed, and she had been worried and half-hearted, and said to Xuan Ye without reproach: "Where is there a person like you, "you are the son of heaven", but you read hard like a student rushing to take the exam? ”
In the early days of Xuan Ye's succession, one day, in front of all the courtiers, Xiaozhuang asked Xuan Ye what his plans were as the lord of the world, and Xuan Ye replied: "The subject has no other desires, but wishes that the world will be righteous, the people will be happy, and the blessings of peace will be shared." "The young emperor's determination to be a wise prince and a rich country and a rich country shows the initial results of Xiaozhuang's cultivation for many years.
In December of the twenty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1687), empress dowager Zhaosheng was critically ill, and the Kangxi Emperor stayed around day and night, personally serving soup medicine, and personally led the princes and ministers to walk to the Temple of Heaven, praying to the heavens, asking for the loss of his own life and the extension of his grandmother's lifespan. Kangxi wept as he recited the blessing and said, "Remembering his weak age, he lost his estimation early, and he tended to inherit his grandmother's knees for more than thirty years. If there is no grandmother, the empress dowager, it will not be established today, and the grace of the same pole will be difficult to repay in a lifetime... If you are calculating or poor, you are willing to reduce the age of your subjects and increase the life expectancy of the empress dowager for several years. On the twenty-fifth day of the month, Xiaozhuang completed her life journey and passed away peacefully at the age of seventy-five, and before she died, she instructed Kangxi: "The tomb of Emperor Taizong has been enshrined for a long time, and I must not move lightly for me, and I am reluctant to let your father and son in my heart, so I will choose a place to bury me near your father's tomb." ”
The Kangxi Emperor gave his grandmother the honorific title of Empress Xiaozhuang Renxuancheng Xian GongYi Yi Tianqi Shengwen, or Empress Xiaozhuangwen for short. According to her last wishes, Lingshu was not transported to Shengjing to be buried with the Emperor Taiji, but was temporarily installed in the Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty in Jingdong, and the five rooms of the East King Hall of the Cining Palace, where Xiaozhuang lived before his death, were demolished and built under the Changrui Mountain, called "Temporary Security Fengdian", and stopped in it. It was not until the third year of Yongzheng (1725) that a cemetery was built on the spot in the original place of the Temporary Anfeng Hall and buried in the underground palace. Because its mausoleum is in the west of the Zhao Mausoleum of Emperor Taizong of Shengjing, it is called "Zhaoxi Mausoleum". Zhaoxi Mausoleum and Zhaoling echo each other, it is actually one and two, two and one, if it is circled into the Feng Shui Wall of Tanglin, it will form a barrier.
Yongzheng, Qianlong accumulated and honored, Xiaozhuang Ren Xuancheng Xian Gongyi to Dechun Hui Yi Tianqi Shengwen Empress.