The most mysterious woman of the Qing Dynasty, Su Ma Lagu
Su Ma Lagu (1612-1705 AD), the maid of Empress Xiaozhuangwen of the Qing Dynasty, came from an ordinary Mongolian herdsman family and entered the Houjin court with Xiaozhuang's dowry. Proficient in the Manchu language. Su Ma Lama was born in a poor herdsman's house in Korqin, about the 40th year of the Ming Dynasty (1612).
Su Ma Lagu was favored by the Horqin Belle Mansion and let her enter the house as the personal maid of Bumubutai, the second daughter of Belle Zhaisang. This second lady was the later Empress Xiaozhuangwen. In 1625, under the escort of his brother Wu Keshan, Bumubutai traveled a long distance to Shengjing, the capital of Houjin, and married Emperor Taiji, the eighth son of Later Jin Khan Nurhaci, at the age of 34. As Bumubutai's personal maid, SuMa Lama also married her master to Shengjing. She accompanied Bumubutai in the Qing Palace in her study process, and with hard work and clever brains, she accurately mastered the Manchu language, wrote beautiful Manchu with one hand, and improved her overall cultural literacy. So that he could later serve as Kangxi's enlightenment teacher. She was by Bumubutai's side, handling daily living, house and outside the house, both quickly and properly. Her talent and loyalty were enough to make Bumubutai trust, often letting go and boldly handing over her more important work. It is also believed that she was a confidant of Empress Xiaozhuangwen.
In the first year of Chongde (1636), when she began to determine the system of crown uniforms for the Qing Dynasty and looking for candidates, Concubine Zhuang recommended Su Ma La to participate in the matter. Su Ma La is good at female red, in addition to being familiar with Mongolian costumes, he also compares and studies Han and Manchu costumes with great interest. According to the requirements of the imperial court, she understood the connotation of the uniform system, participated in the design, and on the basis of inheriting the traditional style, absorbed the costumes of the Manchu, Mongolian, Han and other northern ethnic groups, refined, innovated, and completed the task excellently, which was recognized by future generations.
In the first year of Shunzhi (1644), the Qing army entered the customs, and Su Ma Lama arrived in Beijing with Bumubutai, who had been honored as the empress dowager.
In the eighth year of Chongde (August 9, 1643), Emperor Taiji died. At that time, Empress Xiaozhuangwen was only thirty-one years old, and her son Fu Lin was just six years old. After the careful planning of Empress Xiaozhuangwen, Fu Lin became emperor, but the power of the court was in the hands of the regent Dorgon. The young Shunzhi Emperor always needed the support and guidance of his mother And Empress Xiaozhuang. However, according to the rules of the time, the mother and son could only meet once a month, so that the secret contact between Xiaozhuang and the Shunzhi Emperor was all handled by Su Ma Lama.
The Kangxi Emperor was born in the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654), and after Xuan Ye was born, Xiaozhuang ordered Su Ma Lagu to take care of her grandchildren. Xiaozhuang chose her as Xuan Ye's "Hand Teaching Of the State Book". When Xuan Ye was young, he "relied on qi to train Di and teach the national book by hand" by hand.
In November of the twelfth year of Shunzhi (1655), smallpox was popular in the Qing Palace, and the emperor and all the princes who had never had smallpox all went to the Forbidden City to avoid pox, and Xuan Ye lived in a mansion outside the Xihua Gate of the Palace (renamed Fuyou Temple in yongzhengshi). During this period, Su Ma Lama rode her horse back and forth between the Cining Palace (Empress Xiaozhuangwen's residence) and Xuan Ye's pox shelter every day, and taught Xuan Ye according to Empress Xiaozhuang Wen's request. The Kangxi Emperor recalled in his later years: "Emperor Shizuzhang, because of his infancy, did not have a pox, so he ordered his nanny to guard outside the Forbidden City. Parents are on their knees, and they have not received a day of rejoicing. "The Kangxi Emperor avoided pox outside the palace as a child, and shortly before the death of his father, he recovered from pox and returned to the palace.
In the twenty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1687), after the death of Xiaozhuang, the Kangxi Emperor decided to entrust the twelfth son of the emperor, Yin, born to concubine Wan Liuha (later Dingfei), to be raised by Su Ma Lagu.
At the end of August of the forty-fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1705), Su Ma Lagu suffered from "blood diarrhea", diarrhea more than ten times a day, and five or six times at night. The Kangxi Emperor issued a decree: "Twelve Brothers (Yin Qi) are cared for day and night. After suma lama died, she was "buried as a concubine and placed on the side of the Zhaoxi Mausoleum to show favor."
On October 24, 1705 (September 7, 1705), Su Ma Lagu died, and Kangxi reburied her concubine, when the Zi Palace of Xiaozhuang was parked in the Temporary Feng Hall under The Mountain of Zunhua Changrui, and the Kangxi Emperor decided to park Su Ma Lagu's coffin here. On October 13, 44 of the Kangxi Dynasty, the coffin of Su Ma Lama was moved into the Temporary An Feng Temple.
The reconstruction work was carried out on the tenth day of the first month of December in 1725 (the third day of the third month of February in the third year of Yongzheng), and Empress Xiaozhuangwen was officially buried in the Zhaoxi Mausoleum Underground Palace. Su Ma Lagu was neither a member of the royal family, a descendant of Ai Xin Jueluo, nor a concubine of the emperor, feng shui was very important, and her fame was limited, of course, she could not be buried with her master in the Zhaoxi Mausoleum. Yongzheng decided to bury him near the Zhaoxi Mausoleum, and after feng shui officials xiangdu, selected his cemetery outside the east wall of the new city southeast of the Zhaoxi Mausoleum, only 1.5 kilometers from the Zhaoxi Mausoleum. Construction of the SuMa Lagu Garden began in February of the third year of Yongzheng, and was completed in July of the same year, and the Suma Lagu was buried in the garden on the seventh day of August.
This garden sleeps facing north and south, and the main buildings are from north to south: the treasure roof is built on the underground palace, and there are 3 former garden beds, 3 pavilions, 3 gates, and the ring is Zhu Yuan. Outside the door to build an east-west duty room, an east-west wing room. The dome is located on the longitudinal axis of the garden bed. The underground palace of Su Ma Lama is very small, people can't stand up inside, and the four walls are made of brick. The roof of the dungeon was made of large flat stone slabs. The ground is also flat slate, with a raised center. The top is flat, and there is a flat-bottomed circular groove on the surface that is more than ten centimeters deep. Su Ma Lagu was cremated, and there was only one cylinder in the underground palace.
In 1900 (the 26th year of Guangxu), the Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing, and Empress Dowager Cixi fled west with the Guangxu Emperor. The local people all thought that the Qing Dynasty had fallen, so as soon as they got up, they demolished the Su Ma Lagu Garden. Before the japanese surrender, the underground palace of SuMa Lama was stolen, and the underground palace was open for a long time.
When Hauge and Dolgun competed for the throne, Xiaozhuang and Suma Lagu played some role, Su Ma Lagu once again ventured to see Dolgun, and Dolgun eventually did not become the "King of Yan" who usurped the throne, but became the Duke of Zhou who assisted the young lord; and in Kangxi, Su Ma Lagu was even more "lai qi training di, teaching the national book by hand", and finally achieved the fame of Kangxi's ancient emperor. In this respect, this Su Ma Lama is a rare strange woman in history.