Author: Wei Donglin
The last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period were a period of great turmoil and great division in China's history. The country and mountains are picturesque, how many heroes and heroes have appeared at a time, and Zhou Yu is one of the best.
However, in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Zhou Yu's fate was very miserable, and he was killed alive by Zhuge Liang at the age of 36, leaving a joke that has been said for eternity: Zhou Lang's brilliant plan to secure the world, lost his wife and folded the army.
So was Zhou Yu really jealous of Xian's ability and small temperament, and was killed by Zhuge Liang alive?
(1) Let's take a look at the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms. The biography of Zhou Yu
Zhou Yu zi gongjin, Lujiang Shuren also. From his grandfather Jing, Jing Zizhong, were all Han Taiwei. Paternal, Luoyang Order. Yu is long and strong and has a posture. At the beginning, Sun Jian and the volunteer soldiers befriended Dong Zhuo and migrated to Yu Shu. Jianzi Ce Xingyu in the same year, solitary and friendly, Yu pushed the South Mansion to give up the strategy, ascended to the church to worship the mother, there is no common.
From the above text nameless, it can be seen that Zhou Yu was born into a famous family, has been an official for generations, Zhou Yu looks dashing and handsome, and is similar to Sun Ce. At the difficult time when Sun Ce started a business, Zhou Yu gave Sun Ce a large mansion in his own family as Sun Ce's mansion. Together with Sun Ce, he founded the foundation of Jiangdong.
Just think, how can we say that such a ambitious and bright hero can say that he is small in temperament?
After Sun Ce's death, Sun Quan took charge of the affairs, and appointed Zhou Yu as the central protector, and jointly took charge of the power of the State of Wu with Zhang Zhao. "Internal affairs are not decided to ask Zhang Zhao, and foreign affairs are not decided to ask Zhou Yu." Within a few years, Zhou Yu conquered Ma and Bao'ertun and repelled the attack of Jiangxia Huangzu.
In 208 AD, Sun Quan conquered Jiangxia. At this time, Cao Cao commanded his troops to the south, and Liu Chun surrendered. The Jingzhou water army fell into Cao Cao's hands, and the Eastern Wu generals were terrified. Sun Quan asked his subordinates, and most of the people thought that Cao Cao was a tiger and a wolf, and according to the Star of the Yangtze River, it was better to surrender.
Only Zhou Yuli excluded the public opinion: the name of the operator was Han Xiang, but he was actually a Han thief. General, you have jiangdong for three generations, how can you easily give it away? It strengthened Sun Quan's determination to resist Cao.
Imagine that a million troops are right in front of us, and if they can not be in danger and calmly cope, how can they be said to be small in strength?
After the Battle of Chibi, Zhou Yu accurately analyzed the situation, realized the importance of Xichuan, and proposed to join forces with Ma Chao to attack Yizhou and Hanzhong in order to consolidate Sun Quan's chassis and strength in Jiangdong, but unfortunately he died before he could get out of the division, and he died of illness in the middle of the road.
How can such a commander-in-chief with great talent and great talent be said to be a small instrument? Moreover, Zhou Yu's death was an illness death on the way, and there was no mention of angry death at all.
(2) The Zizhi Tongjian's account of the Battle of Chibi and Zhou Yu
Yu Zhi, said Quan Yue: "Although the name of Fu is Han Xiang, in fact, Han Thief is also ... Now it is cold again, and the horse has no draft. Driving Chinese soldiers far away from the rivers and lakes, not getting used to water and soil, will inevitably give birth to diseases. This number of people is also afflicted with the use of soldiers. General poultry exercises, preferably today. ”
Sima Guang was a famous historian during the Northern Song Dynasty, who created a magnificent chronicle in China's history, "Zizhi Tongjian". The Zizhi Tongjian has a history of more than 1,300 years from the Warring States period of the three branches of the Jin Dynasty to the five generations. As the name suggests, the "Zizhi Tongjian" is to make a reference and reference for contemporary rulers based on the successes and failures of rulers of successive dynasties and the lessons learned. The Zizhi Tongjian makes a detailed record of the causes and consequences of the Battle of Chibi, which should be very objective.
In the Battle of Guandu in 200 AD, Cao Cao was able to defeat Yuan Shao with fewer victories, but why did Cao Cao become the losing side in the Battle of Chibi after 8 years?
There are many reasons for this, one of which is that Cao Cao's soldiers had a terrible plague. At the beginning of the battle, the plague among Cao Cao's soldiers had already occurred. The Cao army was unfavorable, so they retreated to Jiangbei. Zhou Yu's general Huang Gai took the opportunity to propose attacking Cao Cao with fire, which was supported by Zhou Yu, and the result was successful. Cao Cao was defeated, and the Battle of Chibi laid the foundation for the three kingdoms.
In the Battle of Chibi, Cao Cao was defeated for many reasons. In addition to the terrible plague that occurred in the Cao army, there was also the wisdom of the counselors and generals. "Not for the heavens, or for others to conspire", at the critical moment when Cao Cao's army went south, Zhuge Liang put forward the idea of uniting With Eastern Wu and jointly resisting Cao Cao.
Just at this time, Lu Su came to Xiakou with the same purpose.
Zhuge Liang and Lu Su immediately hit it off, and the two went to Chaisang to ask to see Sun Quan. At a time when most of the Eastern Wu generals advocated surrender, Lu Su kept a clear head and insisted that Sun Quan should fight. Zhou Yu analyzed the true strength of the Soldiers of the Cao Army, and finally strengthened Sun Quan's determination to resist. The Battle of Chibi ended with the complete victory of Sun and Liu and the complete defeat of Cao Cao, laying the foundation for the establishment of the Three Kingdoms.
The biggest contributor to the Battle of Chibi was Zhou Yu, who accurately judged that most of Cao Cao's soldiers were northern soldiers, and that the laoshi expedition was a taboo for soldiers, and that the northern soldiers who did not practice water and soil in the south would inevitably suffer from diseases, and just used this opportunity to kill Cao Cao. Sure enough, at the beginning of the war, the Cao army had a plague and had an unfavorable start. Then huang gai was given the opportunity to take advantage of it, and only then did he have the ending. There is no such thing as a straw boat borrowing arrows, and it is even less related to "borrowing the East Wind". Where is Zhou Yu "jealous of Xian's ability and small temperament"?
Even in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", there is praise for Zhou Yu. In the 45th episode of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, "Cao Cao folded his troops at the mouth of the Three Rivers, and the heroes would meet Jiang Ganzhong's plan", Jiang Gan was an old classmate of Zhou Yu, who crossed the Yangtze River on Cao Cao's orders to persuade Zhou Yu, but returned to no avail, and also tricked Cao Cao into killing two generals, Cai Mao and Zhang Yun. Jiang Gan said, "Zhou Yu is elegant and elegant, and no words can move it." It can be seen that Zhou Yu is by no means a jealous and narrow person.
(3) Zhou Yu's arrangements for the aftermath
After the Battle of Chibi, Zhou Yu realized the importance of Xichuan and proposed to join forces with Ma Chao to capture Yizhou and Hanzhong in order to consolidate Sun Quan's chassis and strength in Jiangdong. As a result, He was jealous of his talents and died of illness in the middle of the road. He was 36 years old.
The year was 211 AD.
The stars will fall, and the three armies will weep. However, before his death, Zhou Yu recommended his successor, Lu Su, to sun quan, the wu lord.
If in terms of attitude towards Liu Bei, Zhou Yu is the main battle, then Lu Su is the main peace.
After Zhou Yu's death, Lu Su became the governor of Eastern Wu, and the Sun and Liu families maintained friendship for decades. Until Lu Su's death, Lü Zi understood that YiDujiang had attacked Guan Yu, and the Sun and Liu families had officially torn their faces.
Liu Bei personally raised a large army to avenge Guan Yu, and was defeated at the Battle of Yiling and died of illness in the White Emperor City. At the same time that the Shu kingdom was severely damaged, the power of Eastern Wu was also greatly depleted. There was no longer any strength to deal with Cao Wei in the north. From this point of view, Lu Su is the most brilliant. Zhou Yu's vision is unique.
How can such a person with keen insight and courage to recommend people who disagree with his own political views be the commander-in-chief, and how can he be "jealous of the virtuous and able, and his temperament is small"?
(4) The praise of Zhou Yu by the literati of past generations
The great poet Du Mu of the late Tang Dynasty wrote a poem "Chibi":
Folding the sand iron is not sold, and it will be polished and washed to recognize the front dynasty.
Dongfeng does not go with Zhou Lang, and Tong Que Chun deep locks Er Qiao.
Du Mu jokingly attributed the main reason for the victory at the Battle of Chibi to the southeast wind. If there had been no southeast wind, Cao Cao would have kidnapped Big Qiao and Little Qiao and imprisoned them on the TongqueTai.
Depicting the fierce war scenes of the Three Kingdoms period, there are countless works praising the heroic figures who strategized and commanded Ruoding, the most famous of which is the Northern Song Dynasty writer Su Dongpo's "Nian Nu Jiao. Chibi Nostalgia:
The great river goes east, the waves are exhausted, and the characters of the ages are flowing. To the west of the ancient fortress, the humanity is: Three Kingdoms Zhou Lang Chibi. Rocks pierced through the air, the waves crashed on the shore, and a thousand piles of snow rolled up. The country is picturesque, and there are many heroes at a time.
In the year of Gongjin, Xiao Qiao was married for the first time and was majestic and heroic. Lupine scarf, talking and laughing between the trees ashes. The homeland is wandering, amorous should laugh at me, early birth Huafa. Life is like a dream, a statue is still in the moon.
Look at Su Shi's description of Zhou Yu: majestic and heroic hair, lupine scarf, talking and laughing, the tree ashes and smoke. This is clearly a gentle Confucian general, "between the strategists." Decisive victory is thousands of miles away", calm and relaxed, and in the middle of talking and laughing, he repelled Cao Cao's millions of male soldiers.
You know: at the time of the Battle of Chibi, Zhou Yu was also more than 30 years old, which is the time when people are proud of the scenery and pride in their lives, and "lupine scarf" has also become synonymous with Zhou Yu.
Later, with the in-depth popularization of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Luo Guanzhong transplanted the description of Zhou Yu to Zhuge Liang, and in the film and television drama of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Zhuge Liang cranked a goose feather fan, knew astronomy and geography, and had a Confucian image. As everyone knows, the image of this "lupine scarf" originally referred to Zhou Yu specifically.
【About the Author】Wei Donglin, thirteen chinese language teachers in Linzhou City, Henan Province, and backbone teachers in the province. I usually like to write, and record the bits and pieces of life with the pen in my hand.
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