The Xia Dynasty is extremely special to China, it is a dynasty that carries on from top to bottom, and before the Xia Dynasty was basically a myth and legend. After the Xia Dynasty, there was a firm support from detailed historical materials and archaeological evidence.
The Xia Dynasty is somewhat embarrassing, although there are many records in the historical materials, such as the "Book of Shang", "Ancient Bamboo Book Chronicle", and "Historical Record" have a more detailed record of the imperial inheritance and historical events of the Xia Dynasty. However, no definitive archaeological findings have been found to support the existence of the Xia Dynasty.
The ruins of Yanshi Erlitou in Henan are likely to be the sites of the Xia Dynasty, but no evidence has been found.
We leave it to archaeologists to leave the existence of the Xia Dynasty to archaeologists, but the history of the Xia Dynasty is Chinese it needs to be understood anyway.
The Xia tribe rises
The Xia clan was a tribe formed by the marriage between the Gaoyang clan of the Yellow Emperor and a gonggong clan of the Yan Emperor, and one of the earliest documented members of the Xia clan was Cang. Gong was a man from the time of Emperor Yao, who was enfeoffed as the leader of the Xia clan in Chong (Song Mountain), when the Yellow River flooded, and Emperor Yao was also troubled by this, at this time one of Yao's courtiers Siyue recommended Cang. The carp is recommended because their tribe is very good at managing floods.
But the carp disappointed them, and the carp has been using the method of blocking the flood, that is, setting up a river embankment on the shore, but the water is more and more flooded, which makes the flood more and more serious, and the water treatment ended in failure for nine years. Moreover, many tribes were very angry with the leaders of the carp to control the water. In order to calm the anger of the people, Yao had to send Zhu Rong to kill Cang at Yushan.
After Cang's death, many years later, his son Yu had also grown up. At this time, the dynasty had also changed, and it became Shun's government, and Shun believed that wherever he fell, he should get up from where he was, so he appointed Yu's son Yu to continue to rule the water.
Yu summoned many tribes to assist, inspected the river, and learned the lessons of the failure of the water control, and changed the diversion of the river as the main method of water control. Moreover, Yu did everything himself, crossing mountains and mountains, flowing rivers and rivers, walking all over the place, and passing through the door of the house three times without entering. Such a capable and pro-people leader soon received the submission of the tribes, and everyone called him the great Yu, or dayu for short.
With the success of the control of the water, the Xia clan gradually increased its power, which may have threatened Shun's rule, and at this time there was a Rebellion of Sanmiao, so Shun sent Yu to fight against Sanmiao.
The Yu tribe repeatedly defeated Sanmiao and drove sanmiao to the Danjiang and Hanshui valleys. After this war, the Xia clan successfully became the leader of the tribal alliance. That is to say, in fact, Yu has already emptied Shun's imperial power.
So Shun ceded the power of Zen to Yu, and in order to show respect for the Zen system, Yu successively found 2 heirs, one was Gao Tao, and the other was called Yi, gao Tao died early, although Yi successfully took the throne. However, many tribal leaders did not support him, but supported Shun's son Qi. Yi naturally was not willing to give way, so Qi launched a crusade against Yi's clan, and finally Qi successfully seized the throne and established the Xia Dynasty. This history is seen as the beginning of the "family world" in Chinese history. The earliest concept of the state also began in the Xia Dynasty.
The Xia Dynasty was established
Qi was the first Xia Queen of the Xia Dynasty, (the supreme ruler of the Xia Dynasty was called Xia Hou, equivalent to the future king or tianzi) After he ascended the throne, not all tribes submitted to him, one of the tribes was called the Youhu clan, they believed that Qi should not seize the throne of Yi, so they led a tribal alliance to fight against Qidu, the two armies fought a big battle in Gan, and Qi's army successfully won the war. In the process, Kai claimed that his position of power was "Gong Xing Tian", that is, what later generations called being ordained by heaven, which may be the origin of the Chinese theory of tianzi.
According to historical records, Kai was a very good king who could sing and dance, and legend has it that he once went to heaven to make music and dance. The ancient Chinese music and dance texts "Nine Debates", "Nine Songs" and "Nine Moves" all refer to Qi as its original author.
Taikang lost the country
After Xia Qi's death, the throne was passed to his son Taikang, and in general, the second and third generations of kings in the Chinese dynasty were more diligent and loving to the people. But the Xia Dynasty was not, and the second generation of Taikang was a dimwitted monarch, eating, drinking and having fun all day, neglecting political affairs. So the dominance of the Xia tribe began to decline.
During this period, the Poor Clan of the Dongyi Tribe began to grow, and the Poor Clan had a leader who was good at shooting, and we said earlier that the king of this period was called Hou, so Yi was called Hou Yi. Hou Yi moved his tribe to the Xia Dynasty's sphere of influence. Because of its unpopularity, Houyi slowly gained the support of the people of the Xia Dynasty, so Houyi launched a war against Qi. Hou Yi successfully gained power over the Xia Dynasty, and Taikang defected to the Chu clan of The Emperor.
After Yi gained power, he did not usurp the throne, and perhaps other tribes did not agree, after all, Houyi belonged to Dongyi. Therefore, Yi made Tai kang's younger brother Zhongkang the queen, but in reality, the power was in Houyi's hands. It can be said that Yi was the first powerful minister in Chinese history.
After Zhongkang's death, his sons took the throne one after another, and in order to get rid of Yi's control, they fled to the Same Surname as Xia. Tai Kang also defected to the Chou clan of TheOok of the Consort. If Tai Kang had not died at this time, this uncle and nephew would have been reunited.
After Xiang fled, Yi also had no intention of supporting the puppet anymore, but directly usurped the throne, and Yi, who had taken the throne, also began to become corrupt, going hunting every day, and slowly abandoning political affairs.
Han Hun usurped the country
State affairs can not always be left unattended, and Yi handed over state affairs to Han Hun. And Han Hun was a bad boy since he was a child, he was originally a Boming tribe of the Dongyi tribe, because of rumors, he was expelled from the Boming tribe, Yi took him in, and made him the minister of state. But as the saying goes, "the upper beam is not right and the lower beam is crooked". Yi is the first powerful minister in China, and his younger brother Han Hun will be the second power minister.
Because Yi let Han Hun act as an agent, this also made Han Hun's power more and more powerful, and he also hooked up with Yi's wife Xuan Wife. Xuan's wife hated Yi very much because yi killed her ex-husband's son Bofeng. So the two of them joined forces inside and outside, and killed Yi once when he was out hunting.
And the yicheng meat soup was distributed to the son of yi to eat, and the son of yi did not eat it, and was also executed by Han Hun. Han Hun was more cruel than Yi, not only killing those loyal to Yi, but also purging the Xia royal clan. A chancellor loyal to the Xia Dynasty, Jing, was forced to flee to the Arishi clan.
After Han Hun established himself, he married Xuan's wife and gave birth to two sons, one named Han Shui and one called Han Feng.
After many years, Han Hun always felt that the existence of Xiang was a threat, after all, Xiang was the true heir of the Xia Dynasty. So he sent his son Han Shui to attack the Shu Guan clan and the Shu Guan clan, and the battle went well, and the Shu Guan clan and the Chou Clan were exterminated and killed. But Xiang's wife escaped, and she was pregnant. Xiang's wife fled back to her mother's still tribe to take refuge. Soon after, he gave birth to Shaokang.
Shaokang ZTE
When Shao Kang grew up, he became a muzheng with a still clan, which was actually to manage animal husbandry. Later, Han Tian heard about Shao Kang's whereabouts and began to attack the Youshang clan. Shao Kang did not want to involve the Youyu clan, so he defected to the Youyu clan, which actually had a deep relationship with the Xia Dynasty, and the Yu clan was Shun's tribe, and even the Yu clan was considered to be the Yu Dynasty before xia. Moreover, it is likely that Yu and Qi, in order to maintain their rule, suppressed the still strong Yu clan, and Yu sealed Shun's son in Yucheng, Henan, in effect forcing the Yu clan to migrate. But the skinny camel was bigger than Ma, and now the Yu clan was still a powerful force, enough to protect Shaokang.
Yu Shi took In Shao Kang regardless of his previous suspicions and made him a Cu Zheng, similar to the head chef. Yu Si, the leader of the Yu clan, also married his only two daughters to ShaoKang, and also gave him Tian Yicheng and Zhongyi Brigade (10% for 10 miles, 500 people for 1 brigade).
And handed over Lunyi to Shaokang administration, Shaokang with Lunyi base area, gathered the people of the Xia Dynasty, began the restoration movement, after hearing that there were Jing who had taken refuge in the Huan clan, immediately led the remnants of the Xia people and the Shaokang huishi of the Shu irrigation and The Qiao clan to launch a crusade against Han Huan, successively defeated Han Hun and Han Hun's two sons, after success, Shao Kang became the Xia Queen, and at this point, the Dongyi Youqian clan that controlled the Central Plains for nearly a hundred years after three generations and four years was overthrown, ending the forty-year "kingless" period, known as Shaokang Zhongxing. During Shao Kang's reign, Shao Kang sealed his son Wu Yu at Huiji Mountain, that is, he later gained the kingdom of Yue.
After Shaokang, his son Zhu took the throne, zhu always believed that Dongyi was a threat to the Xia Dynasty, and in order to solve Dongyi, he moved the capital from the original east to Laoqiu. And attached great importance to military development, and when everything was ready, he began to crusade against Dongyi.
The territory of the Xia Dynasty expanded under the rule of Zhu to the coast of the East China Sea (present-day Yellow Sea), which was the most powerful period of the Xia Dynasty. The common people of the Xia Dynasty considered Zhu to be a monarch as wise as Yu.
After the three monarchs of Huai, Zi Mang, and Qi, during their reign, the Dongyi and Xia dynasties began to merge and eventually assimilate. At the time of the leak, the Dongyi issue had been resolved. At the same time, he began to seal the titles of the Fangguo tribes that obeyed xia, and the princely system began to take shape.
Shang Tang extinguished the summer
After his death, his son Bu surrendered to the throne, and did not surrender to the Jiuyuan in the west, defeating it and consolidating the great power status of the Xia Dynasty.
For unknown reasons, he did not pass the throne to his son, but instead meditated on his brother Yu, and after his death, his son Yu succeeded to the throne. Soon after he succeeded to the throne, he fell ill and died, and the throne returned to his unborn son Kong Jia.
Kong Jia this person is very superstitious, the "History" said that he was "a good party ghost god, things are adulterous", before Kong Jia, according to the etiquette of the Xia Dynasty, the ancestor worship was the top priority, but from Kong Jia to the emperor.
During this period, the Xia Dynasty began to weaken, and Kong Jia passed the throne to his son Gao after his death, and Gao passed the throne to his son. After these three generations, the ruling power of the Xia Dynasty has been greatly reduced, and the relationship between the Fang tribe and the Xia royal family has gradually deteriorated.
After his death, his son Lu Yan took the throne, and Lu Yan was Xia Jie, and legend has it that he was born with divine power, and could fight the jackal with his hands and chase four horses. During The reign of Ji, the relationship between Xia Mu and the Fang tribe was completely broken. The number of tribes that paid tribute to Xia began to gradually decrease. As a result, they often crusaded against disobedient tribes.
Ancient texts say that Jie was very, and after he defeated a tribe, he would choose a beautiful woman as a concubine. Xia Jie's favorite queen, Yu Xi, was plundered from other tribes, and legend has it that Yu Xi was very beautiful, and Yu Xi was surprised by the sight of yu xi and was very fond of her. She likes to dress up as a man, wear a sword and a crown, and participate in the politics of the dynasty, which is regarded as a manifestation of Bo De. Ji Chang and Yu Xi indulged in sex all day long and ignored the government. Yu likes to listen to the sound of tearing silk, and in order to please her, she orders people to tear the silk for her sister every day, and Yuxi can be said to be the first case of red face disaster.
Xia Jie also invented the cannon to kill Zhongliang, such a tyrant is naturally unpopular, legend has it that Xia Min cursed Jie to return to heaven as soon as possible, and after hearing about it, Xia Jie said that he was the sun in the sky, the sun did not die, he could not die, Xia Min pointed to the sun, asked when the sun was broken, and was willing to die with it.
At this time, the Shang clan, which was active in the southwest of present-day Shandong Province, began to grow stronger, and Jie felt that Shang was a threat, so he sent troops to fight and successfully imprisoned Tang in Xiatai, and later, for some reason, released Tang again. After Tang returned, he began to contact the Fangguo tribe and started a crusade against The Xia Dynasty, after 11 battles, the Xia Dynasty was weakened as never before, and finally defeated xia Jie in the Battle of Mingtiao, which lasted for 470 years.
In later legends, Xia Jie is often described as a tyrant, in fact, in the earlier literature about Xia Jie is very brief, many historical materials are added by later generations, such as about Yu Xi, before the pre-Qin, there is no record. The image of Yu Xi was gradually enriched from the beginning of the "Records of History", and the history of history we know that many places are depicted by Sima Qian, in fact, the Xia Dynasty began to weaken during the Kongjia period, and when Xia Jie arrived, he was unable to return to heaven at all. So it was not up to him to become the king of the fallen kingdom.