Cheng Zhengying, a soldier of the New Army, pulled the trigger on Tao Qisheng, a platoon commander aimed at the revolution, and fired the first shot of the Wuchang Uprising.
The Hubei Revolutionary Army participated in the Wuchang Uprising
The Forces nouvelles rebelled against the dynasty's gravediggers
In May 1911, the gentlemen along the Sichuan-Han and Guangdong-Han railways set off a surging road protection movement, and the Qing court sent troops to various places, and at the same time, some new troops were drawn from Wuhan into Sichuan to suppress it, which made Wuhan's defense empty and created conditions for the uprising.
The so-called new army is a new type of army compared to the old army of the Eight Banners, the Green Battalion, the Xiang Army, the Huai Army, etc., modeled on the foreign army establishment, with new weapons and equipment, including infantry, cavalry, artillery, engineering and other arms.
Initially, the New Army had only six towns trained by Yuan Shikai, and by the eve of the Wuchang Uprising, the Qing government had organized fourteen towns. Its costume is nearly Westernized, but it still retains a long braid, but soon even this braid will be cut off.
The Qing government originally wanted to rely on this military force to maintain its crumbling rule. However, what the Qing government never expected was that more and more soldiers of the New Army threw themselves into the revolution, and the New Army later became a gravedigger who directly overthrew the Qing Dynasty's rule.
Old group photo of new army officers in various towns
The uprising preceded a series of twists and turns
Wuhan, known as the "thoroughfare of the nine provinces", is the center of land and water transportation, so it has gradually become the hub of the revolutionaries in the provinces. Wuhan is also a region where the revolutionary forces are developing rapidly, and the main revolutionary organizations are the Communist Progressive Association and the Literary Society.
On September 14, 1911, the Communist Progressive Association and the Literary Society held a joint meeting to discuss the grand plan of unity and resistance, and after the meeting, Jiang Yiwu, president of the Literary Society, was elected as the commander-in-chief of the Revolutionary Army, and Sun Wu, the leader of the Communist Progressive Association, was elected as the chief of staff.
On the 24th, the two major groups met again and decided to revolt on the day of the Mid-Autumn Festival, October 6 of the new calendar. Due to insufficient preparation, the date was postponed to October 11.
The date was soon approaching, and the revolutionaries and the officers and men of the Forces nouvelles, students, and peasants, who were involved in the conspiracy, were eagerly awaiting the sound of the guns of the uprising. Unexpectedly, what sounded was an unexpected explosion.
Jiang Yiwu, the hero of the first righteousness
On the morning of October 9, an explosion was heard from No. 14 Baoshanli in the Russian Concession of Hankou, and the smoke immediately filled the air. It turned out that when Sun Wu and others were preparing explosives, Liu Gong's younger brother Liu Tong pushed the door in, he was holding a cigarette in his mouth, and the soot drifted into the explosive barrel to cause an explosion. Sun Wu was blown beyond recognition and bleeding profusely, and was rushed to the French Concession Tongren Hospital for treatment. The other personnel, aware of the catastrophe, hurriedly searched for documents and rosters, but the comrade in charge of the keys was absent, so they had to throw kerosene on the filing cabinet and set it on fire.
The fire was raging and the smoke was steep. The patrols of the concession arrived and searched Liu's house, and the flags, sealed letters, proclamations, banknotes, and rosters of revolutionaries used in the uprising all fell into the hands of the patrols. At the same time, Liu Tong and Liu Gongzhi's concubines were also arrested, and the two could not withstand severe torture, so they confessed the location and activities of the revolutionaries' organs. The governor of Huguang, Rui Liang, who had been informed by the concession, immediately dispatched a large number of gendarmes to search for revolutionaries throughout the city.
On the morning of the same day, the commander-in-chief Jiang Yiwu was discussing the date of the attack with Liu Fuji and others. Liu Fuji believes that the time is ripe and we should act as soon as possible. Jiang Yiwu thought that Huang Xing had not arrived and wanted to wait for a few more days. In the afternoon, after learning of the accident in Baoshanli, Jiang Yiwu changed his mind and resolutely decided to revolt that night, and then he immediately gave an order in cursive and went down to the regiments and battalions of the New Army.
However, that night, the military and police suddenly surrounded the General Headquarters, the organ was broken, and Jiang Yiwu fled. The plan for the uprising still failed.
Wuchang Shouyi
The first shot of righteousness
On October 10, the Wuchang Uprising finally broke out, also known as the "Double Ten Uprising". Because it was the beginning of the Xinhai Revolution, it is often emphasized as the First Righteousness of Xinhai and the First Righteousness of Wuchang.
On this day, after nightfall, Tao Qisheng, commander of the second platoon of the Eighth Battalion of the Eighth Town Engineering Of the New Army, came to the camp shed to inspect and found that the barracks were different from usual, and the soldiers Jin Zhaolong, Cheng Zhengying, and others pushed their guns into the chamber and stood by with guns, obviously to carry out a certain military operation. Tao Qisheng rebuked Jin Zhaolong if he wanted to rebel, and Jin Zhaolong replied loudly: "If you don't do it, you will rebel!" How are you doing? Tao had always hated the revolution, and was furious at the moment, and went forward to strangle Jin's wrist. Jin Zhaolong struggled as he shouted, "Comrades! If you don't do it, when will you stay? Cheng Zhengying immediately raised his gun and smashed it into Tao's head, causing Tao to hold his head and squirm. Cheng aimed at Tao again and fired a shot, but did not hit. The sound of gunfire echoed over Wuchang, and Shouyi's first shot was fired.
The revolutionaries have finally heard the long-awaited signal. The soldiers of the Eighth Battalion of the Project, under the leadership of Xiong Bingkun, a member of the Communist Progressive Association and a representative of the battalion, quickly occupied the Chuwangtai Armory. Subsequently, the battalions of the New Army responded one after another and launched an attack on the Governor of Huguang, Yamen, and the Eighth Town Headquarters. The governor Rui Li was frightened and scattered, and the emperor rushed out of the back wall of the yamen and fled to the warship "Chu Yu". Zhang Biao, the commander of the eighth town, fled to Hankou with the remnants.
Hubei military government
At dawn the next day, an iron-blooded eighteen-star flag flew high above the Yellow Crane Tower, announcing that Wuchang Shouyi had won a rare victory.
In response to Wuchang: Capture the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau Shanghai Guangfu, change the door number jiangsu peaceful independence