Remember the foolishness of moving mountains that we learned in our elementary school textbooks? So today I want to tell you, in fact, Yu Gong is Dayu? What we learned in our elementary school textbook is only a paragraph from the original text. If you open the whole original text and combine the context, it is not difficult to find that in fact, Yugong moving the mountain is an allusion to Dayu Zhishui.
Yu Gong moved the mountain and Da Yu ruled the water
Yugong Moving Mountain mainly talks about the Second Mountain of the Taihang King's House, blocking the road to the south of Yugong's family. It was inconvenient every time I traveled. Ignoring the persuasion of his wife and neighbor Zhi Soo, Yu Gong led his descendants to start digging mountains and transporting stones to the Bohai Sea with flat shoulders. Frightened, the mountain god reported to the Heavenly Emperor, who was touched by the feats of the Foolish Duke, and Pailishi moved away Taihang and Wang Wu Ershan.
In fact, a careful reading of Yugong Moving Mountain can find many places worth pondering.
The place where Yugong moved the mountain and the place where the earth and stones were transported were very similar to Yuzhishui.
In the last issue, we said that Dayu's father, Cang, was a leader of the Chongshi tribe and lived in the Songshan area. After Cang's death, Dayu was responsible for managing the flood. It also shows that the carp was executed because it used the imperial tomb soil of the mound. As for the Tomb of the Emperor of The Emperor, which we also analyzed in the previous period, it is the Mountain of Wuyu in the Mountains of Mount Yao. Then the Dayu Zhishui is also treated from the northwest direction of Henan.
The scope of Dayu's flood control should be from the Yellow River Basin to the north to the Bohai Sea, and to the south to control the Huai River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin. And eventually died in Huijishan, Zhejiang.
When it comes to Dayu Zhishui, we have to talk about the four rivers. Yellow River, Huai River, Yangtze River and Jishui. In ancient times, these four rivers were also known as the four rivers.
The story of "Yugong Moving Mountains" takes place not far from Luoyang, just across a river from Jiyuan, and this section is the key place for Dayu to rule the water.
The origin of Jishui is at the foot of Wangwu Mountain, which originates from under Wangwu Mountain. The line from Wangwu Mountain to Xingyang flows parallel to the Yellow River. At the time of the flood, the Yellow River and Jishui flowed side by side and formed a huge dammed lake around Xingyang and Heze. This dammed lake is also known as Leize in ancient texts, which is also the origin of today's Heze place name.
The river flows out of the northeast corner to the north, and the southwest into the Bohai Sea; and out of the sea, that is, from the west to the north, into the Jishi Mountain led by Yu. - The Book of the Western Classics of Hainei
The Jishui river flows north from Leize and flows from shandong to the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River flows from Lei Ze into and out of the Huai River, and from the Huai River into the sea. At that time, the water of the Yellow River was taken into the sea, and it entered the Yellow Sea. And not today's Bohai Sea.
The river is in, and the north of the sea is injected. - "The Great Wilderness of the North Classic"
Flooding, the Yellow River and the Ji River formed a huge dammed lake in Heze and eventually led to the Yellow River Basin, and also a major flood broke out, forming a yellow pan in this area.
After Controlling the Water in the Huai River Basin, Dayu changed the estuary of the Yellow River to enter the Bohai Sea from Jishui. And that's believable. Dayu's wife, Tu Shanshi, was a person from the Huai River Valley. Tushan mountain is located in Bengbu City, Anhui Province, on the east bank of the Huai River.
Compared with Yu Gong's route of moving mountains and throwing stones, it can be said that it is consistent.
Miscellaneous: "Throw yourself into the tail of the Bohai Sea, the north of the hidden land." "So he led his descendants to carry the burden of the three husbands, knocked on the stone to reclaim the soil, and transported it to the end of the Bohai Sea."
The provenance of "The Fool Moves the Mountain"
In addition, the provenance of "Yugong Moving Mountains" has not been paid attention to by many people, but only by the text itself. "Yugong Moving Mountains" is from "Liezi Tang Question", which is a passage from Shang Tang, the founding monarch of the Shang Dynasty, asking Xia Ge, a remnant of the Xia Dynasty.
In this passage, Shang Tang kept asking like Xia Ge, as if he was showing off his exploits. From everything in the universe, all the way to all over the world. Xia Ge, on the other hand, was impatient with Shang Tang's performance. Shang Tang kept asking questions, so Xia Ge told Shang Tang the story of "Yu Gong Moving The Mountain" to express his reverence for Dayu's achievements in governing water. But at this time, the Xia Dynasty had just died, and Xia Ge could not express it bluntly, but could only express it in the form of an allegory.
Yin Tang asked Yu Xia Ge, "Was there anything in ancient times?" Xia Ge said, "There was nothing in the beginning, but now there is evil things?" The people who come after will say that there is nothing today, can they? Yin Tang said, "But then there is no order?" Xia Ge said: "The end of things, the beginning of infinity." Beginning or ending, ending or beginning, evil knows its history? However, outside of things, before self-affairs, I don't know what I know. ”
Yin Tang said, "But then there are extremes of the eight directions up and down?" Ge Yue: "I don't know." Tang Gu asked. Ge Yue: "Nothing is infinite, and if there is nothing, there is an end, how can we know it?" However, there is no infinity outside the infinity, and there is no infinity in the endless. There is no infinity, no end, no end, no end. It is known that it is infinite and endless, but it is not known that it has a pole and an end. Tang asked again, "Is there any xi outside the four seas?" ”
In the original text, Xia Ge has always replied that he does not know, and Shang Tang's performance is "fixed question", how to look at it is not like corporal Li Xian, but like condescending, arrogant and rude.
In the fourth part of the original text, Xia Ge even more bluntly praises Dayu and also mentions the story of Dayu zhishui.
Da Yu said: "Between the six hemispheres, within the four seas, illuminate them with the sun and the moon, pass through the stars, and take the age of the ether." Born of a god, its object is alien, or it is dead or long-lived, and only the saints can pass through it. Xia Ge said: "However, there are also those who do not wait for the gods to be born, do not wait for the yin and yang to form, do not wait for the sun and the moon to be bright, do not wait for the killing and die, do not wait for the life to be greeted, do not wait for the grain to eat, do not wait for the clothes to be dressed, and do not wait for the boats and cars to travel." Its way is natural, not the place of the saints. ”
Interested friends can look at the original text, I will not translate them here.
Xia Dynasty Totem and Shang Dynasty Totem
In Yugong Moving Mountains, the image of the god of the snake is also mentioned, and it is related to the totem of the Xia Dynasty, is there a feeling of sudden enlightenment. Isn't this image of the god man holding a snake exactly the totem of the Xia Dynasty people's belief?
In ancient times, snakes and dragons communicated, and snake people and dragon people were the totem beliefs of the Xia Dynasty people. Fuxi Nuwa is the image of the human head and snake body. And the Xia Dynasty totem god Candle Nine Yin is also the image of the human head and snake body.
"Beyond the Northwest Sea, to the north of Chishui, there is Zhangwei Mountain. There is God, the face of the serpent is red, the eyes are straight, his eyes are obscure, his vision is clear, he does not eat or sleep, and the wind and rain are gurudwara. It is the nine yin of candles, it is the dragon of candles. ——" The Great Wilderness Of the North Classics
The totem of the Shang Dynasty is not a dragon, make no mistake, don't think that the dragon totem is in the same vein. Why many people have dragon totems is in the same vein, which involves a question of legitimacy.
The totem of the merchant is the bird, the bird of destiny, descending to give birth to the merchant. And what is a bird? That's right, it's the phoenix. In the classics of the Shang Dynasty, the dragon changed from a supreme totem to a tool that could be trampled on. The dragon became the tool for the phoenix to pull the cart.
The Classic of Mountains and Seas also reflects the Xia Shang Revolution and the merchants' attitude towards Xia culture.
From the Abyss of the Pole, three hundred deep, Wei Bing Yi Heng Du Yan. Ice man face, ride two dragons. A deep abyss of loyalty. - "The Northern Classic of Hainei"
Oriental sentence mang, bird body human face, ride two dragons. - The Classic of Mountains and Seas
Isn't this sentence more explicit. The bird-faced man said that it was the merchant's totem, but asked the dragon to pull it.
The totems of the Xia Dynasty fell to the point where the totems of the merchants worked, and we have reason to believe that the merchants despised and trampled on the Xia culture in the early days. Until the time of king Wu's cutting, in order to show the legitimacy of the Zhou Dynasty, he showed that he was the legitimate heir of Xia culture, and the merchant was just a "two-way dealer". The Dragon Totem is back on the rise. Since then, the Chinese nation has truly called itself the "descendant of the dragon.". The "bird man" became a curse word. To say that you are the dragon among men is to praise you. Say you're a "bird man" and I'm afraid you're going to beat someone up. Fortune is fickle.
Okay, go on. After talking about the deep connotation of the snake god in The Fool Moves the Mountain, I will continue to talk about the hidden information in it.
The hidden truth in "The Fool Moves the Mountain"
What is the purpose of the novel Yu Gong wanting to move the mountain, for the convenience of transportation in the future. It is to connect the road to henan. This brings us to another question, why yugong wants to go to Henan.
I can answer now, because "Henan" is the location of the capital city, the location of the Xia capital city.
After Da Yu ruled the water, he divided the world into nine states. Yuzhou became a zhongzhou under the heavens, and the capital was also moved from the Yao Shun period from the Jizhou generation to the Yuzhou generation.
Modern archaeology can also prove that Xia du is in Henan. Yu Gong's desire to move the mountain and want to go to the capital was also in line with the situation of moving the capital and the people moved to southern Henan at that time.
Remember the original text? Taihang, Wangwu Ershan, Fang 700 Li, Gao Wanling, Ben is in the south of Jizhou, north of Heyang. The Fool of the North Mountain, aged ninety, lives facing the mountain.
Taihang, Wangwu Mountain in the southeast of Shanxi, northwest of Henan. Yu Gong lives facing the mountain, indicating that Yu Gong is sitting north to south, and it is reasonable to want to open the road to the south. Directions are also mentioned below.
Gathering in the room and plotting: "I and Ru Bili are in danger, referring to the southern part of Henan, reaching Hanyin, can I?" ——" The Fool Moves the Mountain
Don't worry, there is also a metaphor in "The Fool Moves the Mountain" that illustrates two points of information.
The widow of the neighbor Jingcheng clan has a widowed man, who jumps to help him. Cold and summer are easy to festival, and the beginning is reversed.
The text mentions the "capital city", indicating that there was a capital at that time, which also corroborates the capital of the Xia Dynasty at that time, and the purpose of Yugong moving mountains. But the most important thing is the "widow, widow" in the back. Combined with the last issue about the execution of the carp, who can you relate to?
The image of Dayu is ready to come out, and after The Death of the Carp, as the "widowed man" of the Carp, he is responsible for taking over the flood control of his father. Isn't this also in line with the "Foolish Prince Moving the Mountain": Although my death, there are sons and sons; sons and grandchildren, sons and grandchildren; sons and grandchildren, children and grandchildren; children and grandchildren are infinitely poor, and the mountains do not increase, so why not be bitter and uneven? "Spirit?
Cang died, and Dayu was dead. Dayu also has a son, and the son has a grandson. Children and grandchildren, endless, will one day subdue the flood. We have reason to believe that in the midst of this great flood, the great ancestors of the Chinese nation, under the leadership of Dayu, all threw themselves into governance. It was with this indomitable spirit that the flood was finally overcome.
This is also the spirit of our Chinese nation that can always stand firm and always move forward in the midst of suffering.
Think of the "Liezi Tang Question", Shang Tang showed off his exploits to Xia Ge, how ridiculous compared to Dayu's great feats.
The author's family's words, let's listen. Interested authors suggest looking at the original texts of the Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Liezi Tang Question. In addition, about the carp, you can see the author's previous issue.
Author: Datang Shou Catch Lang
References: "Classic of Mountains and Seas", "YuGong", "Liezi Tang Question"