When we want to praise a person's intelligence, we generally compare the other party to a genius in ancient times, for example, Zhuge Liang is a typical example. If you praise a person as "wiser than Zhuge Ge", the other party will be very happy, and then laugh, and perhaps humble two sentences: "I have Zhuge Liang's wisdom." And when we want to scold a person for being stupid, it is also very simple, compare him to Liu Chan, say that he is "a dou who can't be supported", and guarantee that the other party will jump like thunder.
Whether in the history books or in the rendition, the image of Liu Chan does not seem to be very glorious, especially liu Chan in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", which is even more useless and has no opinion. It is the shadow under Zhuge Liang's glorious image, which is still at the mercy of Zhuge Liang.
People say that Liu Chan was broken in the first battle of Changshanpo by his father Liu Bei, so he looked silly and silly. Why not, fight him first. If there was no Zhuge Liang, he Liu Chan's tomb head grass would not know how many meters high. In the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", after Zhuge Liang's death, the whole book also ended quickly. He only knew that Liu Chan opened the door and surrendered, and nothing else was mentioned.
In fact, after Zhuge Liang's death, Liu Chan also defended the Shu kingdom for thirty years, longer than Zhuge Liang had been in power in the Shu state. Of course, if you must compare Liu Chan and Zhuge Liang, this is indeed incomparable. But it cannot be said that Liu Chan is a waste material, he also has his own skills.
What are the advantages of Liu Chan? It is that he knows the "way of advance and retreat", do not underestimate these four words, Liu Chan was able to stick to Shuzhong for more than 30 years after Zhuge Liang's death, precisely because he knew who could rule the country, who could fight, and who could let go of these able subjects to do things.
The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms Du Wei records Zhuge Liang's evaluation of Liu Chan: "The Imperial Court (Liu Chan) began to be eighteen this year, Tianzi Renmin, Corporal Ed. The people of the world, sipped the Han Room, and wanted to be with the King, and to assist this Lord, with the merits of Long Jixing, and to honor Zhu Shuye. ”
Of course, this "way of entering and retreating" is not so glorious on the other hand. In the sixth year of Jing Yao (263), Wei sent Deng Ai from Yinping into Shuzhong to conquer Mianzhu. Seeing that the Shu Han regime was about to die, Liu Chan still chose to surrender, and Liu Chan was moved to Luoyang, the capital of the Wei state.
People under the eaves had to bow their heads. In order to save his life, Liu Chan could be said to have pretended to be a grandson, and the State of Wei at that time was no longer the Cao clan that had gained the world, and the Sima clan was in power.
Sima Zhao, in order to test Liu Chan's sincerity, asked at a cocktail party, Liu Chan still wanted to think of shu after Luoyang, Liu Chan did not wipe the wine at the corner of his mouth and replied: "Here is happy, do not think about Shu", since then it has been passed down through the ages.
Liu Chan knew that Sima Zhao could not let down his guard against himself because of such a simple sentence, so Liu Chan soon hung a plaque in front of the mansion where he lived in Luoyang, which read three big characters: "Zhongshan Village."
After this matter was later known to Sima Zhao, he laughed and immediately said that he could let Liu Chan have a way to live. Sima Zhao's men, on the other hand, were greatly puzzled. Sima Zhao said: You will know by reading the three words on his plaque upside down.
It turned out that the three words "ZhongshanZhai" were pronounced backwards as "in the mountains", which was Liu Chan's idea of showing Sima Zhao that he wanted to return to the hidden mountains. After that, Sima Zhao also took Liu Chan as air and never found him trouble again. The descendants of the Liu family also had a foothold in Luoyang. Further may not be able to gain the world, but taking a step back can open up the sky. Liu Chan's choice is also a kind of wisdom.