On November 12, 1953, on a train bound for Beijing, a middle-aged man dressed in black and wearing a black hat sat leaning against the window. He is Marshal Kim Il Sung, Prime Minister of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and as the head of state of the DPRK, he visited China with different feelings.
Prime Minister Kim Il Sung led a delegation from the Democratic Republic of Korea to Beijing by special car. Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou, and other central leaders came to greet them, and Chinese people extended a warm welcome to Kim Il Sung. After our army's welcome honor guard, a general rushed out of the crowd, put an arm around the neck of his old comrade-in-arms Kim Il Sung, and said ecstatically:
Hahahahaha, old Kim, we really haven't seen each other for a long time, then how did you come back?
”
Picture | Wang Minggui
Kim Il Sung was startled, turned around and looked, it turned out to be an old friend of the Anti-League period, and answered his question with a smile. Zhou Enlai, who was standing nearby, frowned tightly and said to General Wang Minggui very seriously: "
He is now the prime minister of North Korea! Not the battalion commander of the year, you should pay attention to your words and deeds, and use honorifics.
Kim Il Sung didn't care much, and said to Zhou Enlai in authentic Northeastern dialect: "Red tape, don't worry." Wang Minggui, who was originally very arrogant, instantly understood that what he had just done was inappropriate, and smiled with some embarrassment.
So, what kind of friendship has Kim Il Sung forged with China, and why does he speak fluent Northeast Chinese? What kind of friendship did Wang Myung-gyu and Kim Il-sung experience? What kind of legendary story does Wang Minggui have?
Let's start with Kim Il Sung's indissoluble relationship with China
Born on April 15, 1912 in Kopyongan-ri (present-day Mankyeongdae, Pyongyang), Taedong-gun, South Pyongan Province, Kim Il-sung was an ordinary peasant family that had been farming for generations. His family had high hopes for Kim Il Sung and hoped that he would become the pillar of the country, so they named him Kim Sung Joo (later renamed Kim Il Sung).
In 1910, Japanese imperialism occupied Korea, imposed harsh government on Korea, and squeezed the Korean people. In North Korea, many anti-Japanese people have been attacked, and some lucky North Koreans have successfully fled their homeland and moved to northeast China.
His father, Kim Hyung-jae, was a patriot who had participated in anti-Japanese activities and was imprisoned; his mother, Kang Pan-seok, became a revolutionary fighter in order to save the country. In this family with a strong revolutionary atmosphere, Kim Il Sung was full of ears and had the ambition to restore the motherland from an early age, and he hated Japanese imperialism to the bone.
In 1920, Kim Il Sung's father, Kim Hyung Ji, came to China with his family to escape the encroachment of Japanese imperialism. Kim Hyung-ji hopes that Jackie Chan attaches great importance to his son's education and sends Kim Il-sung to school with the strength of his whole family. Kim Il Sung came to the First Primary School in Fusong County, Jilin Province, and did not live up to his father's expectations, and entered Jilin Yuwen Middle School with excellent results.
Pictured| Kim Il Sung (first from left), father Kim Hyung Ji (center), and mother Kang Pan Seok (first from right)
In 1926, Kim Il Sung came into contact with Marxist-Leninist ideas and the theory of revolutionary armed resistance against Japan, and he joined the Communist Youth League of Korea. At the same time, in order to expand the organization, Kim Il Sung set up a secret reading club to bring together like-minded revolutionaries and carry forward the anti-imperialist ideas.
On June 5 of the same year, Kim Il Sung's father, Kim Hyung-ji, died of illness. The son inherited his father's business, and Kim Il Sung continued his father's unfinished revolutionary work, devoted himself to writing and publishing publications, and founded it
"Red Sun"
。 It was the first revolutionary publication in North Korea, and the ideas of revolution were widely disseminated.
On September 18, 1931, Japanese imperialism created the "September 18" incident that shocked China and foreign countries, and then invaded and occupied Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning in China. Kim Il Sung, not wanting to watch the tragedy of Japanese imperialism in Korea repeat itself, joined the Chinese Communist Party with the hatred of his homeland and fought against the Japanese invaders with Chinese.
Kim Il Sung lived in China for many years and was very confident in China's War of Resistance Against Japan because he felt the cohesion and patriotism of the Chinese people. Earlier, when Japanese imperialism invaded Korea, Kim Il Sung was too young to go to the battlefield to fight devils. Now that the Japanese army has invaded China, Kim Il Sung is determined to fight back.
Kim Il Sung was very familiar with the geographical environment of northeast China, and he and people with lofty ideals spontaneously formed the Korean People's Armed Anti-Japanese Squad, mainly in the Jidong region and near the Changbai Mountains.
On April 25, 1932, Kim Il Sung and others created an anti-Japanese guerrilla group in Jilin Province, more and more people joined the guerrilla group, and Kim Il Sung was also busy recruiting soldiers and buying guns. In May, Kim Il Sung's guerrillas engaged the Japanese army for the first time and won the first battle, which greatly encouraged the confidence of the fighters to resist japan.
In June, Kim Il Sung led his troops in the process of marching, when they suddenly encountered the Japanese army and engaged in an encounter. Kim Il Sung's guerrillas fought back heroically without preparation. In the end, under the flexible command of Kim Il Sung, the guerrillas were victorious.
Pictured| Anti-Coalition fighters
In November, Kim Il Sung's anti-Japanese guerrillas and Wang Qing County anti-Japanese guerrillas and other anti-Japanese guerrillas jointly formed the Wang Qing Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Group. At this time, the anti-Japanese frenzy in the northeast land was getting stronger and fiercer, and the famous anti-Japanese general Yang Jingyu led the 32nd Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army to fight against the Japanese army.
In January 1933, Kim Il Sung's guerrilla group and a number of anti-Japanese guerrilla groups were collectively known as the East Manchuria Guerrillas of the 32nd Army of the Red Army. Kim Il Sung served as a political commissar in the guerrillas and was one of the important commanders of the guerrillas. In this year, Kim Il Sung led a guerrilla force into Korea and presided over the Wang Jae-san Conference, which was of great significance in the history of the Korean revolution.
On September 18, due to the growing anti-Japanese forces, the East Manchurian guerrillas were reorganized into the Independent Division of the Second Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army, with four regiments, all composed of the original anti-Japanese guerrillas, and Kim Il Sung served as the political commissar of the third regiment to guide the operation. Kim Il Sung's Third Regiment later developed into the Second Northeast United Anti-Japanese Army.
According to the nature of the Anti-Japanese Coalition of China and Korea, this anti-Japanese army composed of Korean people and Chinese people is collectively called the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army; in Korea, this unit is called the Korean People's Revolutionary Army.
Kim Il Sung led his troops to engage the Japanese puppet army many times, crushing the enemy's encirclement and suppression. Kim Il Sung traveled in many directions and united with China's national salvation army to besiege the Japanese puppet army in Dongning, Luozigou and other towns. Kim Il-sung had a talent for diplomacy, and united the fifth army of the Pingnanyang guerrilla Zhou Baozhong and The fourth army of Li Yanlu to jointly resist the Japanese, and achieved amazing results. It was also during this period that General Kim Il Sung became famous and became a nightmare for the Japanese army.
In 1939, in the northeast region of China, the Japanese army was like a bamboo, and China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression entered the most arduous stage. In order to consolidate the northeast region that had already been occupied, the Japanese Kou frantically sent additional Japanese puppet troops to the northeast region to garrison, and the anti-Japanese army had a difficult move in the northeast region and was subjected to unprecedented "encirclement and suppression."
In January 1940, in order to preserve the strength of the anti-Japanese army, the anti-Japanese coalition army was changed to a detachment to avoid head-on confrontation with the Japanese army. Kim Il Sung led several small units to carry out anti-Japanese activities.
Figure | sketch of the anti-coalition guerrillas
In the winter of 1940, the anti-Japanese cause was also like a cold winter, and it was difficult to move forward, and the anti-coalition forces had to retreat to the territory of the Soviet Union. On August 1, 1942, the Third Route Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, with a total of more than 2,000 people, was reorganized into the Anti-Japanese Teaching Brigade. Kim Il Sung served as a battalion commander in the Anti-Allied Teaching Brigade, and the Soviets awarded him the rank of lieutenant. Kim Il Sung forged a profound friendship with the Chinese anti-coalition generals, and in the impression of some old comrades-in-arms, Kim Il Sung was the battalion commander at the beginning.
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Kim Il Sung and Yang Jingyu became friends and fought together for the cause of the Anti-Japanese Resistance. From 1936 to 1937, in southeastern Manchuria, the Korean People's Revolutionary Army led by Kim Il Sung and the First Army led by Yang Jingyu developed into two major armed forces in the northeast anti-Japanese region, and they scattered their operations and fought guerrillas everywhere. For a time, the Japanese army felt that there were anti-Japanese troops everywhere.
At that time, Wang Minggui was a subordinate of Yang Jingyu and fought against the Japanese army several times with Kim Il Sung, so it can be said that Kim Il Sung, Yang Jingyu, and Wang Minggui were old comrades-in-arms. Kim Il-sung sent Yang Jingyu a number of military commanders who were both literate and martial; Yang Jingyu also gave the Korean comrades all kinds of help within their ability, lacking guns and guns, and lacking grain for grain. The friendship between Kim Il Sung and Yang Jingyu has been deepening, and the feelings of the two units have also increased.
On February 23, 1940, Yang Jingyu was martyred, and when Kim Il Sung learned the news, he shed tears, was so sad that he could not eat for several days.
In August 1945, after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Kim Il Sung's troops were reorganized and divided into two. The Korean working group composed of Korean comrades in the army returned to the national territory; the Chinese comrades returned to the northeast. Comrades of the two countries are inseparable, they lived and died together for 14 years, and formed a deep friendship.
On September 9, 1948, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was formally established, kim Il Sung had both moral integrity and ability, both civilian officials and military generals admired Kim Il Sung, Kim Il Sung was expected by everyone to serve as the Prime Minister of North Korea.
Let's talk about General Wang Minggui again
On September 16, 1910, Wang Minggui was born in an ordinary peasant family in Yitong County, Jilin Province, often hungry, Wang Minggui when he was 10 years old, he studied in a private school for less than 2 years, and then because the family really could not afford to pay tuition, he could only drop out of school, Wang Minggui could also go to the land to reduce the burden for his family. The 12-year-old Wang Minggui has experienced the oppression of feudal society and the exploitation of landlords.
In 1927, where there was oppression, there was resistance, and the Korean peasants in Panshi County revolted, collectively striked, and jointly held a peasant movement to resist the oppression of feudal landlords. The peasant movement had a great influence, and many people were influenced by enlightenment ideas, and Wang Minggui was one of them.
In February 1931, Wang Minggui's family finally couldn't stand the oppression of feudal landlords, and his father took him to The Gejin River in Tangyuan County, Heilongjiang Province, to pan for gold, hoping to change the status quo of poor life. But he found that the root cause of the increasing poverty of the peasants was the oppression of the Chinese by Japanese imperialism.
After the "9.18" incident, the country was in danger, and anti-Japanese detachments in various parts of the northeast went everywhere to publicize the anti-Japanese concept and advocated that everyone jointly resist foreign enemies. The anti-Japanese propaganda organization came to the Gejinhe Gold Mine, and Wang Minggui actively responded to the propaganda activities and accepted the idea of resisting Japan and saving the country. In May 1932, the claws of the Japanese invaders reached Out to Yubara Prefecture, and the people of Yubara revolted, and Wang Minggui joined the anti-Japanese struggle.
In May 1934, Wang Minggui joined the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army with the hatred of his homeland and officially embarked on the revolutionary road of resisting Japan and saving the country. At that time, the commander of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army was Yang Jingyu. Wang Minggui was on the battlefield, not afraid of life and death, and worked hard and complained.
During the battle, Wang Minggui was unfortunately shot in the leg, and the medical conditions at that time were very simple, not even basic medical equipment, and the bullets could not be taken out of the legs. Some of the little nurses looked at each other and did not dare to do anything. In the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Guan Yu once scraped his bones to heal his wounds, and Wang Minggui is the modern version of Guan Yu.
Wang Minggui borrowed a razor from the soldiers, tied his legs to a wooden stool, and without anesthesia, he cut the wound with a razor and clipped the bullet out with his own pliers. This northeast tough guy, with amazing perseverance, survived this pass, and the people present were not without great admiration for him.
In July 1936, his superiors were optimistic about Wang Minggui and intended to cultivate him, so he was transferred to the "Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army Political and Military School" to strengthen cultural knowledge education and learn the theory of military struggle. During his studies, Wang Minggui realized the super-high guerrilla tactics of Chairman Mao and Zhu De. Here, Wang Minggui also received Marxist education, received ideological baptism, and raised class consciousness.
Pictured| Zhu De and Chairman Mao
More than a month later, Wang Minggui was introduced by Xu Guanghai and others to become a member of the Communist Party of China. In November, Wang Minggui graduated from school, and because of his previous good record, Wang Minggui was transferred to the Eighth Regiment of the Third Division of the Sixth Army of the Anti-Japanese Coalition as the regimental commander.
"The fire is warm on the chest, and the wind is cold behind the wind." In the harsh natural environment of the anti-Japanese resistance, first, it is impossible to guarantee the supply of guns and ammunition to the troops, and second, it is impossible to guarantee the logistical supply of the soldiers. The northeast battlefield is like a "PUBG" with difficult conditions. In the face of these difficulties, Wang Minggui said to the newspaper reporter without any concern: "We are very good, we eat what the devils eat, and we rob the devils without guns and ammunition. ”
In "A Pine Battle", Wang Minggui skillfully used tactics to take advantage of the enemy's lack of preparation to attack the enemy's camp at night and sneak attack when the enemy was most tired. Because the vision was not clear at night, the enemy did not know the number of people on our side, did not dare to rush back, and could only flee in a hurry. Wang Minggui captured more than 200 enemy horses, as well as a large amount of grain and grass. As a result, in Wang Minggui's troops, some of the soldiers changed from infantry to cavalry.
There are few Chinese records of Wang Minggui in the Northeast Battlefield, but in Japanese sources, there is a lot of information about Wang Minggui. According to Japanese records, after the success of the night attack led by Wang Minggui, the enemy was very shocked, and they listed Wang Minggui as one of the most active troops in the anti-Japanese battlefield in northeast China.
Wang Minggui at the Battle of Keshan County
In 1940, the famous anti-Japanese general Yang Jingyu was martyred, and the Northeast Anti-Japanese League ushered in the most difficult year. However, Wang Minggui wanted to face the difficulties, and general Yang Jingyu of the Anti-Japanese Alliance fell, and there were tens of millions of people who did not want to be slaves.
After the Japanese army occupied Keshan County, they put on the mask of "friendship" and falsely promoted their cultural education in the county seat in an attempt to enslave the Chinese people. The puppet army and the Japanese army here cooperate with each other, giving the Chinese people the illusion that the Japanese and the Chinese army are "one".
The Japanese also told the Chinese through public opinion that the Japanese army was not harmful to them. The Japanese army tried to show the "friendship of the Japanese" to other parts of China through Keshan County, a "model city of Sino-Japanese friendship", and persuaded the Chinese to lay down their weapons. If the Japanese army is allowed to succeed, China's anti-Japanese forces will be greatly weakened.
The Northeast Anti-Japanese League saw through the intentions of the Japanese, who would hope for a demon that kills people without blinking? The Northeast Anti-Japanese League immediately made a plan, which was expected to be retaken by the Japanese as a "model county town".
Wang Minggui got in touch with the central county party committee of Nehe to discuss working with friendly forces to fight a beautiful victorious battle. Wang Minggui hoped that the central county party committee of the Nehe River would help the anti-coalition fighters to cross the Nehe River as much as possible, and hoped to obtain important information such as the enemy's important organs, prison locations, and troop deployment in Keshan County.
This day is still two days away from the Mid-Autumn Festival, but the moon is not very bright, which is really helped by the gods! The warriors tore the towels into three pieces and tied them to their arms as markers to carry out the night attack together. The autumn night was cold, but the warriors were boiling with blood and were ready to charge.
Wang Minggui served as the military commander of the operation, and at his command, the columns began to move. The soldiers of our army did not shoot a single shot, but by the night they touched the enemy's gate, took a big step up to grab the gun of the enemy sentry, put the gun against the waist of the puppet army, and said sharply: "I am from the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance, I am not allowed to move, and I will not kill the gun!" ”
The puppet army that had just finished dinner was sitting in the office chatting from side to side, and Wang Minggui led the soldiers to break through the door like heavenly divine soldiers. The Japanese puppet army was stunned and just about to draw their guns, Wang Minggui said: "Chinese do not fight Chinese, surrender our guns and do not kill, we are the anti-Japanese coalition army!" ”
The puppet army obediently took prisoners, and Wang Minggui gathered all the prisoners of war in one room. Captain Bian Fengxiang ordered the soldiers to empty the enemy's arsenal, and the anti-Japanese coalition army occupied all the pseudo-corps headquarters. The Japanese troops on Cross Street were unaware, our army signaled to attack, and the back door of the pseudo-county office was closed tightly, and the wall was eight feet high, blocking the way of the soldiers. The warriors leaned against the wall, one after the other on the ladder.
The soldiers cut the power grid with the tools they had prepared in advance, and just then gunshots came from the central battery, which should have been another column exchanging fire with the enemy. Wang Minggui immediately made a decision and ordered: "We will jump the wall and launch an attack." "The soldiers rushed into the pseudo-police academy like arrows off the string.
Bullets roared from inside the academy, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition fighters fought back with grenades, and Lou Fengxi, the director of the three detachments, was not afraid of life and death, rushed to the front, unfortunately hit by enemy bullets, and was gloriously sacrificed. The warriors Liang Chengyu, Wang Fuchen and others were filled with grief and shouted, "Avenge Director Lou!" ”
For a time, guns and bullets rained down, grenades exploded one after another in the front yard, and the sound of shooting in front of the mechanism was intertwined with the sound of explosions, and the enemy knew that he was invincible and fled to the back door. The soldiers of our army took advantage of the victory to pursue, and some of the enemy slipped too fast, letting them run. In the process of pursuing, Bai Fuhou killed a frightened Japanese policeman. Later, I learned that that person was the Japanese police officer Masada Jun.
In the city, the people knew that the fighters of the Anti-Japanese League had taken Keshan County, and several blacksmiths in North Street came to the prison of the puppet army with tools and cut the ankle chains for the "prisoners" overnight; after the restaurant owner knew, he prepared meals for the "prisoners" and the anti-Coalition fighters overnight; some merchants, who ran to the warehouse overnight, packed up a large number of clothes and rubber shoes, hoping to find an opportunity to give them to the anti-Japanese guerrilla fighters.
Two hours later, it was dawn and the battle was over once and for all. The Anti-Coalition Forces smashed the Japanese "Model County" sign and wiped out the Japanese puppet army in Keshan County, capturing a large amount of weapons and equipment, as well as some heavy weapons. The victory in this battle tore apart the "lies" behind the Japanese army, dealt a big blow to the Japanese puppet army, showed the powerful power of the anti-Japanese coalition army, and also greatly encouraged the anti-Japanese confidence of the people in northeast China.
When Kim Il Sung visited China in 53 and was wrapped around the neck of a general, Premier Zhou angrily rebuked him: He is not a battalion commander now
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in 1953, Kim Il Sung led a delegation to China as the Prime Minister of the DPRK for an official visit. The central leadership of new China attaches great importance to it, because Kim Il Sung is the first official head of state to officially visit since the founding of New China.
For China, Kim Il Sung is not only a visiting head of state of a neighboring country, but also an old comrade-in-arms who Chinese and the people once fought together against foreign enemies. Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou sent Wang Bingnan, director of the General Office of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to personally greet him, and on the way to Beijing, Kim Il Sung greeted Chinese Communists from various provinces at the station, showing the enthusiasm of the Chinese people.
Photo | Kim Il Sung (front row, first from left) and Premier Zhou (front row, first from right)
After Kim Il Sung arrived in Beijing, the Chinese reception staff rushed up to greet him warmly, and just after taking a few steps, before shaking hands with Prime Minister Kim Il Sung, a tall figure squeezed over and put an arm around Kim Il Sung's neck. The reception staff on the side broke out in a cold sweat, and it turned out to be Wang Minggui. The central authorities attached great importance to this reception work, and the very solemn reception ceremony was stirred up by Wang Minggui.
Wang Minggui did not notice anything wrong with the people around him, but instead excitedly patted Kim Il Sung's shoulder and said to him: "Old Jin, I haven't seen you in so many years, I know you are coming to China, and I didn't sleep well last night when I was so excited." Oh, you've gained a lot of weight..."
Kim Il Sung looked at Wang Minggui, held his hand tightly, and said, "We really haven't seen each other for a long time..."
The other reception staff were stunned and thought in their hearts: Deputy Commander Wang is afraid that he has stabbed the big basket.
On the evening of November 14, at the West Flower Hall in Zhongnanhai, Premier Zhou frowned and said very angrily: "Go and call Wang Minggui over." The secretary next to him rarely saw Premier Zhou so angry, and his whole face was gloomy.
After Wang Minggui came, Premier Zhou said, "Do you think Kim Il Sung is still the battalion commander?" He is now the president of the DPRK, and this visit is a state-to-state exchange, and his reception is greeted by our reception personnel. ”
Wang Minggui was majestic on the battlefield, and at this time he was like a child who had done something wrong, with his head bowed and afraid to speak. Premier Zhou said: "Prime Minister Kim Il Sung did not care about these etiquettes, but we cannot think that this is the way it should be. The next time you remember, don't be reckless. Wang Minggui then raised his head and said sadly, "Premier, I know." ”
In 1955, the most affectionate General Wang Minggui was awarded the rank of major general, wang Minggui was very grateful for the time when he had been a member of the Anti-Japanese League, and he never gave up looking for the families of the martyrs of the Anti-Japanese League, hoping to inform their families of the heroic deeds of the martyrs and comfort the families of the martyrs.
Picture | classic photo of Wang Minggui
Wang Minggui is not a relative of his comrades-in-arms who have fought together. This should be one of the main reasons why he was too happy to see Kim Il Sung that day, which led to his disrespect.
Wang Minggui's eldest son, Wang Xiaobing, recalled:
In his later years, my father often mentioned the experience of the Anti-League, when many comrades who were only about 20 years old died, and some of them did not even marry their daughters-in-law. Until now, they still did not know where their home was, and when he thought of it, his father would shed tears of sadness.
In 2005, Wang Minggui died of illness at the age of 95. Wang Xiaobing continued his father's unfinished business of searching for the martyrs' families. Wang Xiaobing opened a personal microblog to publish some clues and materials of the martyrs on the Internet, hoping that the families of the martyrs or people in the know could see them.
Wang Xiaobing's blog is divided into two parts, one is the historical content of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance, and the other is to find some information about the families of the martyrs. Now that we are living in an era of peace, we must not forget those martyrs of the Anti-Japanese Alliance!